全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1180篇 |
免费 | 47篇 |
国内免费 | 148篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 57篇 |
妇产科学 | 12篇 |
基础医学 | 82篇 |
口腔科学 | 18篇 |
临床医学 | 161篇 |
内科学 | 295篇 |
皮肤病学 | 33篇 |
神经病学 | 66篇 |
特种医学 | 315篇 |
外科学 | 53篇 |
综合类 | 24篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 48篇 |
眼科学 | 13篇 |
药学 | 126篇 |
1篇 | |
肿瘤学 | 70篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 19篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 18篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 18篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 47篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 119篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 29篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 24篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 85篇 |
1997年 | 81篇 |
1996年 | 78篇 |
1995年 | 63篇 |
1994年 | 46篇 |
1993年 | 55篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 51篇 |
1988年 | 36篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 26篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 29篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1976年 | 28篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1375条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
An in vitro is described that attempts to detect patients with a potential for adverse systemic reactions to contrast material. This test involves measuring the rate of conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein under certain standard conditions. In a preliminary retrospective study, the test could be used to identify such patients with a sensitivity of 88%, a specificity of 82%, and a predictive value of 79%. 相似文献
62.
Jongen JL Haasdijk ED Sabel-Goedknegt H van der Burg J Vecht ChJ Holstege JC 《Experimental neurology》2005,194(1):255-266
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are potent trophic factors for dorsal root ganglion cells. In addition, these factors are produced in subsets of dorsal root ganglion cells and transported anterogradely to their terminals in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord, where they constitute the only source of GDNF and BDNF. We investigated the effect of 10 mug GDNF and BDNF injected by lumbar puncture on the expression of the immediate early gene (IEG) products c-Fos, c-Jun, and Krox-24 in the adult rat dorsal horn. In the dorsal horn of S1 spinal segments, GDNF and BDNF induced a strong increase in IEG expression, which was most pronounced in laminae I and II (2.9- to 4.5-fold). More distal from the injection site, in the dorsal horn of L1/L2 spinal segments, the increase in IEG expression was less pronounced, suggesting a concentration-dependent effect. In order to explain the effects of intrathecally injected GDNF, we investigated whether lumbo-sacral dorsal horn neurons expressed RET protein, the signal-transducing element of the receptor complex for GDNF. It was found that several of these neurons contained RET immunoreactivity and that some of the RET-labeled neurons had the appearance of nociceptive-specific cells, confirming their presumed role in pain transmission. Additionally, using double-labeling immunofluorescence combined with confocal microscopy, it was found that after intrathecal GDNF injection 35% of c-Fos-labeled cells were also labeled for RET. These results demonstrate that intrathecally administered GDNF and BDNF induce IEG expression in dorsal horn neurons in the adult rat, supposedly by way of their cognate receptors, which are present on these neurons. We further suggest that the endogenous release of GDNF and BDNF, triggered by nociceptive stimuli, is involved in the induction of changes in spinal nociceptive transmission as in various pain states. 相似文献
63.
Bayol A Bristow A Charton E Girard M Jongen P 《Pharmeuropa bio / the Biological Standardisation Programme, EDQM》2004,2004(1):35-45
Human Growth hormone (hGH, somatotrophin) is a 22 kDa, 191 amino-acid single chain protein produced by somatroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It is the major physiological regulator of growth, and deficiencies in growth hormone levels have long been recognized as the underlying cause of growth disorders (dwarfism). The ability of exogenous hGH to restore normal rates of growth in both human and animal models of growth retardation has long been recognized and the use of hGH in therapy goes back several decades. Initial preparations were prepared by extraction and purification from cadaveric pituitary tissue, and since 1984, hGH has been prepared by recombinant Deoxyribosenucleic acid (rDNA) technology. As is usually the case with "biologicals", characterization of the drug substance depended on a combination of physico-chemical and biological methods, and the hGH molecule became well characterized fairly early in its life as a drug. Indeed, by 1980 the major degradation forms and structural variants of the hGH molecule had been described and reviewed. Little satisfactory progress had been made in refining biological assays for hGH, and, although in vitro assays were described, potency-defining assays remained dependant on the whole body growth response in rats, and were both invasive and imprecise. In the early 1990's a series of collaborative studies on analysis of recombinant hGH (somatropin) established that available bioassays were much less selective that physico-chemical methods in detecting and quantifying structural degradation, and 1994 saw an international consensus to replace the bioassays with physico-chemical analytical methods for the routine batch release of somatropin. During the last decade in most markets somatropin has, unusually for a protein, been subject to batch release and control dependent entirely on physico-chemical analysis, without the routine use of any form of bioassay. During that time there has been a continuous development and refinement of methods, and the identification of a range of structural variants and degradation products of the molecule. The present review sets out to summarise the current knowledge on physico-chemical analytical methods for somatropin, and the structural variants that have been identified and characterized. A survey of available biological analytical methods is beyond the scope of this review, as is consideration of the earlier pituitary preparations and the recombinant 192 amino-acid methionyl form of the molecule (somatrem), although it is likely that many of the methods and variants described would be equally applicable to somatrem. 相似文献
64.
65.
The purpose of the study was to investigate differences in contractile speed, force, and fatigability of the adductor pollicis muscle between 12 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 8 sedentary control subjects matched for age and gender. There were no differences between the patients with MS and control subjects with respect to the percentage of maximal muscle force that could be recruited during voluntary effort (95.5 +/- 3.9% and 98.2 +/- 2.0%, respectively, P = 0.10), the stimulation frequency/force and force/velocity relationships, the rates of force development and relaxation, fatigue resistance, and the recovery rate of adductor pollicis muscle. However, previous results from the same group of MS patients showed that quadriceps femoris muscle force and resistance to fatigue were reduced. Therefore, our data support the clinical experience that, in patients with MS, lower limb muscle function is more or earlier affected than upper limb muscle function. 相似文献
66.
67.
Excel97在药物分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:在药物分析中,电子表格软件MicrosoftExce197for Windows。方法:利用Excel的数据处理功能,进行药物的图表绘制、数据计算和统计处理,回归分析,特别是计算分析,并可建立分析数据库。结果和结论:Excel操作简单,功能强大,数据分析工作直观。 相似文献
68.
目的:比较国产辛伐他汀与进口辛伐他汀治疗原发性高胆固醇血症的疗效及安全性。方法:采用开放区组随机对照、多中心的临床设计。150例高胆 固醇血症病人分为验证组(50例)、对照组(48例)和开放组(52例),剂量均为每晚顿服10mg,服药8周。结果:验证组与对照组服药前后比较,血清总胆 固醇(TC)分别降低26.36%和28.3%,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别降低33.17%和35.51%;验 相似文献
69.
Diet and cancer prevention: the fiber first diet 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Diet can play a major role in cancer prevention. The international
differences in cancer incidence are largely accounted for by lifestyle
practices that include nutrition, exercise, and alcohol and tobacco use.
About 50% of cancer incidence and 35% of cancer mortality in the U.S.,
represented by cancers of the breast, prostate, pancreas, ovary,
endometrium, and colon, are associated with Western dietary habits. Cancer
of the stomach, currently a major disease in the Far East, relates to
distinct, specific nutritional elements such as excessive salt intake. For
these cancers, information is available on possible initiating genotoxic
factors, promoting elements, and prophylactic agents. In general, the
typical diet in the United States contains low levels of the potent
carcinogenic agents, heterocyclic amines, formed during the cooking of
meats. It provides only about half the potent appropriate fiber intake and
is high in calories. About twice as many calories as would be desirable
come from fat, certain kinds of which enhance the development of cancers.
Other foods with functional properties, such as soy products and tea, can
be beneficial. To achieve reduction in risk of certain cancers, diet must
be optimized, primarily to reduce caloric intake and the fat component. The
latter should be 20% or less of total caloric intake and fiber should be
increased to 25- 35 g per day for adults. One approach to achieving these
goals is the Fiber First Diet, a diet designed around adequate fiber intake
from grains, especially cereals, vegetables, legumes, and fruits, which
thereby reduces both calorie and fat intake. Such dietary improvements will
not only reduce cancer and other chronic disease risks, but will contribute
to a healthy life to an advanced age. A corollary benefit is a lower cost
of medical care.
相似文献
70.