Effect and mechanism of 125I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations on lung cancer

Objective： The aim of this study was to evaluate effect and mechanism of 125I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations on lung cancer. Methods： Fourteen cases of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, the use of the B-, CT-guided, according to preoperative imaging and treatment planning system （TPS） program for radioactive particles interposed 125I interstitial radiotherapy. Results： All patients were successfully 125I interstitial radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy. Postoperative local complete tumor remission in 9 cases, partial remission in 5 cases, the efficiency of 100%. No case of serious complications. After 3 to 4 weeks of chemotherapy after 11 cases. 4 cases of lung cancer with bone metastases, pain completely disappeared after treatment. Up to now, five cases have died due to tumor progression, survival time of 12 to 16 months. Nine cases still under follow-up observation and treatment. Conclu- sion： 125I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations of lung cancer, simple operation, trauma, fewer complications, conformal high, high local tumor dose, efficacy, and is a supplement of modern radiotherapy techniques for the treatment of lung cancer provides a comprehensive line of the method of effective.     

盆腔脂肪过多症的影像学诊断

目的：探讨盆腔脂肪过多症的影像诊断。材料与方法：回顾性分析６例盆腔脂肪过多症的影像学表现。６例均经ＣＴ和超声检查,其中３例还作了钡灌肠检查,２例行静脉肾盂造影检查。结果：（１）钡灌肠和静脉肾盂造影显示膀胱输尿管下段以及直肠、乙状结肠远端推移受压;（２）超声检查显示盆腔内良性、实性占位性病变;（３）ＣＴ扫描可显示出脂肪组织密度。结论：ＣＴ扫描诊断盆腔脂肪过多症可作为首选影像学检查方法。     

直视下尿道内切开术后再次狭窄20例分析

目的对直视下尿道内切开术(DVIU)的术后疗效进行分析,重新认识DVIU的手术适应证,探索降低DVIU术后再次狭窄的方法。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2009年4月78例尿道狭窄行DVIU术临床资料,对DVIU术后再次尿道狭窄病例进行分析,术前狭窄长度≤1.0㎝15例,1.1～2㎝42例2,～2.5㎝15例,≥2.5㎝6例,狭窄部位后尿道42例、前尿道36例,尿道球部2例。结果 DVIU1次成功70例,2次成功8例,术中加用电切12例,术后留置尿管时间3天～3月。术后随访1年,再次发生尿道狭窄20例,其中术后3月9例,术后半年11例。结论选择≤1㎝的尿道狭窄作为手术适应证,术中轻柔操作,合理选择留置尿管时间等,能降低DVIU术后再次尿道狭窄的复发率,应当有选择性地应用DVIU。     

代谢综合征不同诊断标准在老年人群的比较研究

目的 在老年人群中对代谢综合征(MS)的不同诊断标准(WHO、IDF和CDS标准)进行比较分析.方法 对1996～2005年连续10年在解放军总医院院查体的2 456例北京老年人进行MS相关指标的检查,比较WHO、IDF和CDS三种诊断标准的差异,以及老年人中MS各组分的发生情况.结果 使用WHO、IDF和CDS诊断标准,总人群MS的患病率分别是27.2%、27.0%、42.6%,Kappa检验显示IDF和CDS两种诊断标准的符合率为79.0%;其中有腰围资料的1 759例患者使用WHO、IDF和CDS标准诊断MS的患病率分别是32.3%、37.8%、53.8%,Kappa检验显示IDF和CDS两种诊断标准的符合率为76.5%.使用WHO、IDF和CDS标准诊断中心性肥胖的诊断率分别是35.9%、49.6%、52.2%,高血压的诊断率分别是61.6%、72.4%、61.6%,糖代谢异常的诊断率分别是24.9%、40.5%、24.9%.本组MS最常见的代谢异常组合为血压、血糖及血脂紊乱.结论 尽管IDF和CDS两种诊断标准的符合率较高,但在老年人群中使用CDS标准诊断MS的比例高于WHO和IDF标准.要重视对老年人群腰围的检查,老年男性人群CDS标准中腰围从85cm调整到90cm可能更为合理,但还需要进行大规模的流行病学研究进一步确认.     

高原缺氧条件对大鼠肠黏膜组织及缺氧诱导因子-1α、诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

目的探讨高原缺氧条件对大鼠肠黏膜组织形态以及缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1α和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达的影响。方法将40只雄性Wistar大鼠均分为平原对照组及高原24h、48h、72h组,每组10只。平原对照组在常温环境下饲养1个月后处死,高原组在平原饲养1个月后于24h内急运至高原,建立高原缺氧模型,分别于到达高原后24、48、72h处死。分别在光镜和电镜下观察大鼠空肠上段的微观组织学变化,用图像测量软件测量绒毛高度、隐窝深度、黏膜厚度及绒毛表面积。免疫组化染色检测HIF-1α及iNOS在肠黏膜中的表达。结果高原24h组肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、黏膜厚度及绒毛表面积分别为313.10±10.84、123.10±2.64、432.60±7.37μm和0.09±0.01mm2,与平原对照组(分别为322.00±12.68、127.70±7.24、447.50±21.93μm和0.10±0.01mm2)相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高原48h组上述指标分别为279.00±9.80、101.10±7.11、376.40±19.05μm和0.06±0.01mm2高原72h组上述指标分别为235.80±19...     

Brain abscess and necrotic brain tumor: discrimination with proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Discriminating pyogenic brain abscesses from cystic or necrotic tumors is sometimes difficult with CT or MR imaging. We compared findings of proton MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) with those of diffusion-weighted imaging to determine which technique was more effective for this differential diagnosis. METHODS: Fourteen patients (necrotic or cystic tumor [n = 7]; pyogenic abscess [n = 7]) who underwent 1.5-T (1)H-MRS and diffusion-weighted imaging and had findings of ring-shaped enhancement after contrast agent administration were enrolled in this study. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed with a single-shot spin-echo echo-planar pulse sequence (b = 1000 s/mm(2)). The apparent diffusion coefficient and ratio were also measured. RESULTS: Spectra for two patients were unacceptable because of either poor shimming conditions or contamination from neighboring fat. Spectra in three of five patients with abscess had lactate, amino acids (including valine, alanine, and leucine), and acetate peaks; one of the three spectra had an additional peak of succinate. In one patient with abscess treated by antibiotics, only lactate and lipid peaks were detected. Spectra for four of seven patients with cystic or necrotic tumors showed only lactate peaks. Lactate and lipids were found in three patients with tumors. Hyperintensity was seen in all the pyogenic abscess cavities and hypointensity in all the cystic and necrotic tumors on diffusion-weighted images. CONCLUSION: (1)H-MRS and diffusion-weighted imaging are useful for differentiating brain abscess from brain tumor, but the latter requires less time and is more accurate than is (1)H-MRS. (1)H-MRS is probably more limited in cases of smaller peripheral lesions, skull base lesions, and treated abscesses.     

多层螺旋CT后处理重建在腰椎峡部裂诊断中的可行性研究

目的确定多层螺旋CT后处理重建技术在腰椎峡部裂诊断中的可行性。方法 31例临床怀疑腰椎峡部裂患者均经多层螺旋CT容积扫描。将原始数据传送至工作站进行MPR、SSD和VRT图像重组。结果本组31例中,双侧与单侧腰椎峡部裂分别见于29（93.5%）例和2（6.5%）例,其中,L5椎体25例（80.6%）,L4椎体5例（16.1%）,L3椎体1例（3.2%）;L4与L5椎体同时受累者4例（12.9%）。本组31例共检出64处椎弓峡部裂病灶。典型的＂双关节征＂和＂裂隙征＂见于所有病例。腰椎峡部裂伴发腰椎滑脱和隐性骶椎裂分别见于12和1例。MPR和VR对腰椎峡部裂的显示优于SSD,然而,SSD能清晰显示椎体滑脱。结论多层螺旋CT,尤其是MPR和VR对腰椎峡部裂的诊断具有高度敏感性,可作为首选的影像技术。     

Impact of parenchyma-preserving surgical methods on treating patients with solid pseudopapillary neoplasms: A retrospective study with a large sample size

BACKGROUNDSolid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm that mainly affects young women.AIMTo evaluate the impact of parenchyma-preserving surgical methods (PPMs, including enucleation and central pancreatectomy) in the treatment of SPN patients.METHODSFrom 2013 to 2019, patients who underwent pancreatectomy for SPNs were retrospectively reviewed. The baseline characteristics, intraoperative index, pathological outcomes, short-term complications and long-term follow-up data were compared between the PPM group and the conventional method (CM) group.RESULTSIn total, 166 patients were included in this study. Of them, 33 patients (19.9%) underwent PPM. Most of the tumors (104/166, 62.7%) were found accidentally. Comparing the parameters between groups, the hospital stay d (12.35 vs 13.5 d, P = 0.49), total expense (44213 vs 54084 yuan, P = 0.21), operation duration (135 vs 120 min, P = 0.71), and intraoperative bleeding volume (200 vs 100 mL, P = 0.49) did not differ between groups. Regarding pathological outcomes, tumor size (45 vs 32 mm, P = 0.07), Ki67 index (P = 0.53), peripheral tissue invasion (11.3% vs 9.1%, P = 0.43) and positive margin status (7.5% vs 6%, P = 0.28) also did not differ between groups. Moreover, PPM did not increase the risk of severe postoperative pancreatic fistula (3.8% vs 3.0%, P = 0.85) or tumor recurrence (3.0% vs 6.0%, P = 0.39). However, the number of patients who had exocrine insufficiency during follow-up was significantly lower in the PPM group (21.8% vs 3%, P = 0.024). CM was identified as an independent risk factor for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (odds ratio = 8.195, 95% confident interval: 1.067-62.93).CONCLUSIONPPM for SPN appears to be feasible and safe for preserving the exocrine function of the pancreas.