原发性小肠肿瘤诊断治疗的临床分析(附58例报告)

目的探讨原发性小肠肿瘤临床特型、病理分型及诊治经验。方法回顾性分析1993年10月。2003年10月收治的有完整资料的58例原发性小肠肿瘤病例。结果本组包括13例(22．4％)良性肿瘤，45例(77．6％)。小肠良性肿瘤均行局部肠段切除，除2例死于其它疾患外，余11例健在；小肠恶性肿瘤患者中，院内死亡6例，仅11例能行根治性肠切除，37例行化疗(总有效率83．4％)，随访33例(随访率89．5％)，存活5年以上者14例(5年生存率42．4％)，多为T细胞性非何杰金淋巴瘤。结论原发性小肠肿瘤恶性所占比例较高，缺乏特征性的临床表现及有效的诊断手段，易致长期延误诊治，预后甚差；对原因不明的腹痛、消化道出血及定位不明的腹部包块患者及早行剖腹探查是避免小肠肿瘤长期误诊、改善患者预后的可靠手段。     

中长链脂肪酸食用油可降低超重高甘油三酯血症患者体脂肪和血脂水平

T可以减少超重高甘油三酯血症患者体脂肪,降低血甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平.     

糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎的治疗进展

糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎临床报道中,中医、中西医结合的治疗方法最多,显示出了其优势所在,其中中药疗效优于西药,且在改善和治愈面部潮红、毛细血管扩张、色素变化、病情反跳等症状方面优势明显,对于面部痤疮样皮疹、痒及不适等症状,中、西药治疗疗效相近。目前糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎最好的治疗方法应该是中西医结合疗法。     

Performance measurement of the microPET focus 120 scanner.

The microPET Focus 120 scanner is a third-generation animal PET scanner dedicated to rodent imaging. Here, we report the results of scanner performance testing. METHODS: A (68)Ge point source was used to measure energy resolution, which was determined for each crystal and averaged. Spatial resolution was measured using a (22)Na point source with a nominal size of 0.25 mm at the system center and various off-center positions. Absolute sensitivity without attenuation was determined by extrapolating the data measured using an (18)F line source and multiple layers of absorbers. Scatter fraction and counting rate performance were measured using 2 different cylindric phantoms simulating rat and mouse bodies. Sensitivity, scatter fraction, and noise equivalent counting rate (NECR) experiments were repeated under 4 different conditions (energy window, 250 approximately 750 keV or 350 approximately 650 keV; coincidence window, 6 or 10 ns). A performance phantom with hot-rod inserts of various sizes was scanned, and several animal studies were also performed. RESULTS: Energy resolution at a 511-keV photopeak was 18.3% on average. Radial, tangential, and axial resolution of images reconstructed with the Fourier rebinning (FORE) and filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithms were 1.18 (radial), 1.13 (tangential), and 1.45 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) (axial) at center and 2.35 (radial), 1.66 (tangential), and 2.00 mm FWHM (axial) at a radial offset of 2 cm. Absolute sensitivities at transaxial and axial centers were 7.0% (250 approximately 750 keV, 10 ns), 6.7% (250 approximately 750 keV, 6 ns), 4.0% (350 approximately 650 keV, 10 ns), and 3.8% (350 approximately 650 keV, 6 ns). Scatter fractions were 15.9% (mouse phantom) and 35.0% (rat phantom) for 250 approximately 750 keV and 6 ns. Peak NECR was 869 kcps at 3,242 kBq/mL (mouse phantom) and 228 kcps at 290 kBq/mL (rat phantom) at 250 approximately 750 keV and 6 ns. Hot-rod inserts of 1.6-mm diameter were clearly identified, and animal studies illustrated the feasibility of this system for studies of whole rodents and mid-sized animal brains. CONCLUSION: The results of this independent field test showed the improved physical characteristics of the F120 scanner over the previous microPET series systems. This system will be useful for imaging studies on small rodents and brains of larger animals.     

医源性桡神经损伤46例分析

目的阐述医源性桡神经损伤的伤因、治疗和预防措施。方法分析1991年～2003年间收治的46例医源性桡神经损伤的病例。结果伤因分为上肢手术误伤，肱骨干和桡骨上端闭合性骨折复位手法不当，头静脉穿刺致桡神经浅支损伤。本组21例保守治疗，22例手术治疗，3例行肌腱转位功能重建。结论手术误伤是医源性桡神经损伤的首要原因；临床医生丰富的解剖知识和细致、轻柔的操作是预防医源性桡神经损伤的关键。     

改良神经刺激仪定位在全麻下乳腺癌术中对神经的保护作用

目的探讨改良神经刺激仪对神经定位的效果，以防止乳腺癌手术对运动神经的损伤，提高手术成功率及术后生活质量。方法选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级，乳腺癌预计手术中难以辨认神经血管走行的女性患者20例。应用Stimuplex HNS 12／BRAUN周围神经刺激仪，改良为双极刺激电极在术前、术后均对胸背神经支配的背阔肌、胸长神经支配的前锯肌以及胸前神经支配的胸肌进行肌电检测，以确定手术中神经损伤情况。结果18例患者手术前胸大肌动作电位为（1．59±0．4）mv，手术后为（1．58±0．3）mv，前后比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。手术前神经传导速度为（40．57±2．33）m／s，手术后为（40．43±2．18）m／s，前后比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。仅2例出现轻度神经损伤。结论改良神经刺激仪能准确定位神经，避免了神经的直接损伤，基本上达到了肌电图仪的神经探测功能。     

^125I放射微粒微创植入治疗前列腺癌

目的观察^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗效果。方法对26例临床确诊为前列腺癌患者经皮穿刺在癌组织植入^125I放射微粒，每例平均36粒，术后复查肛诊、B超、影像学及血生化指标。结果患者植入治疗经过顺利，2例少量出血，留置导尿后愈合，3个月后经肛诊、直肠B超示结节缩小，前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）降低，多普勒超声显示结节内动脉收缩期最大血流速度（VS）、阻力指数（RI）及动脉搏动指数（PI）均明显下降。结论^125I放射微粒植入对前列腺癌的治疗安全性好、效果可靠。     

精神分裂症异质性及其中枢五羟色胺功能研究

本文应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对67例精神分裂症及10例健康对照组脑脊液中色氨酸(TRP)、五羟色胺(5-HT)、五羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)进行测试,同时引入5-HT相对代谢率概念用5-HIAA/5-HT表示,并以Andreasen分型标准划分42例阳性精神分裂症和25例阴性精神分裂症。结果发现,精神分裂症患者脑脊液中TRP明显低于正常对照组,阳性(Ⅰ型)分裂症5-HIAA以及5-HIAA/5-HT明显低于阴性(Ⅱ型)精神分裂症,并对精神分裂症的5-HT代谢障碍假说及其异质性进行了讨论。     

Synthesis and thermal properties of poly(arylene-1,2,4-oxadiazole)s with flexible,linear alkoxymethyl side branches

Poly(arylene-1,2,4-oxadiazole)s (PAOs) bearing flexible, linear side chains, 3a - c , were prepared by solution cyclodehydration of their precursors, poly(arylene acyloylamide oxime)s (PAAs), 2a - c , which were synthesized by solution polycondensation of 2,5-bis(n-alkoxymethyl)-terephthaldiamide oximes (DIS-TADO), 1a - c , with terephthaloyl dichloride (TPC). The length of the n-alkoxy group was varied from methoxy via butoxy to octyloxy. The reduction of the phase transition temperatures and the enhancement of the solubilities of 3a - c were greatly affected by the length of the side chains. PAOs with longer side chains, 3b and 3c , are nematic type liquid-crystalline polymers.