Bipartite parietal bone: A rare cause of plagiocephaly

A case of an infant with an asymmetrical head is presented. On clinical assessment the patient displayed features of deformational plagiocephaly. With the aid of three‐dimensional CT imaging of the skull, a bipartite parietal bone was diagnosed. The prevalence and possible aetiology of a bipartite parietal bone is discussed as well as a brief overview of the common causes of plagiocephaly.     

Major histocompatibility complex class I peptide-pulsed host dendritic cells induce antigen-specific acquired thymic tolerance to islet cells

BACKGROUND: As T-cell receptor-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I/self peptide interaction regulates T-cell development in the thymus, we reasoned that presentation of peptides by self dendritic cells (DC) to developing T cells in the thymus might induce acquired thymic tolerance. This hypothesis is based on the finding that intrathymic injection of allopeptides in the adult animal induces acquired tolerance. To examine this hypothesis, we studied the effects of intrathymic (IT) injection of a single immunodominant Wistar-Furth (WF) MHC class I (RT1.Au) peptide-pulsed host DC on islet allograft survival in the WF-to-ACI rat combination. METHODS: Bone marrow-derived ACI DC expressing MHC class I and II, OX62, and ED2 present allopeptides to naive and specifically peptide-primed syngeneic T cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction. Host DC pulsed with RT1.Au peptide 5 (residues 93-109) were injected into the thymus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic ACI that were transplanted 7 days later with donor-type (WF) or third-party (Brown Norway [BN]) islets. RESULTS: Whereas IT injection of 300 microg of peptide 5 alone led to normoglycemia and permanent islet survival in three of six diabetic ACI recipients, similar treatment combined with simultaneous intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml of anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) on day -7 led to 100% permanent islet allograft survival (>200 days) compared to a mean survival time of 15.0+/-2.3 days in controls treated with ALS alone. In contrast, similarly prepared animals rejected the third-party (BN) islets in an acute fashion. To address the question of indirect allorecognition in acquired thymic tolerance, we examined the effect of peptide-pulsed host DC on graft survival. Whereas IT injection of peptide-pulsed host DC alone resulted in permanent islet survival in two of five animals, IT injection of peptide-pulsed host DC combined with 0.5 ml of ALS induced 100% donor-specific permanent islet allograft survival in the WF-to-ACI rat combination. These results suggest that thymic DC take up, process, and present the administered peptide to the developing T cells by the indirect allorecognition pathway in the induction of acquired thymic tolerance. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated a novel approach to inducing transplant tolerance to islet allografts with IT injection of allopeptide-pulsed host DC. This finding suggests that immunization strategies using DC expressing MHC allopeptides or peptide analogue might be potentially useful in the treatment of autoimmune diabetes mellitus.     

Prostatosis treated with acupuncture and herbal medicine

According to differentiation of symptoms and signs, prostatosis was divided into pattern of dampness and heat in the lower energizer, pattern of qi stagnation and blood stasis, pattern of deficiency and cold in the lower abdomen, and pattern of qi deficiency and kidney deficiency. Prostatosis were treated mainly by acupuncture, plus moxibustion and Chinese medicine, and the effect was good. Author: Zhao Chang-quan (1949-), male, junior consultant doctor Translator: Huang Guo-qi     

Clinical observation of vascular dementia treated by surrounding-acupuncture of the CT-located area

Purpose To observe the clinical effect of “Surrounding Needling Technigue through CT Location” in treating vascular dementia.Method Fifty cases of vascular dementia were randomly divided into surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture groups, 25 cases in each group, and were given surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture respectively.Results The effective rates in surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location and routine acupuncture groups were 88% and 60% respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups,P<0.01.Conclusion Therapeutic effect of surrounding Needling Technigue through CT location in treating vascular dementia was satisfactory, and better than that of routine acupuncture. Foundation Item: Scientific Fundation of Guangdong TCM Bureau Author: Lun Xin(1964-), male, associate professor     

宫颈鳞癌及癌前病变组织中VEGF、nm23表达及微血管密度研究

目的　探讨宫颈鳞癌及癌前病变组织中VEGF、nm 2 3表达情况及MVD与宫颈鳞癌发展浸润的关系。方法　采用免疫组化方法对 5 0例宫颈鳞癌、2 8例CIN和 12例正常宫颈组织进行VEGF、nm 2 3和CD3 4检测 ,计数癌组织MVD ,并结合临床资料进行统计分析。结果　宫颈鳞癌VEGF阳性表达率明显高于正常组织和CINⅠ、Ⅱ级组织 ,VEGF表达与癌组织MVD、肿瘤浸润、转移和临床分期密切相关 ;癌组织MVD与肿瘤转移密切相关 ;正常宫颈组织nm 2 3均呈阳性表达 ,而宫颈浸润癌组织nm 2 3表达率明显降低 ,但nm 2 3表达与肿瘤浸润、转移和临床分期无明显相关性。结论　宫颈鳞癌组织VEGF呈高表达、nm 2 3呈低表达 ,可能在宫颈鳞癌血管生长、肿瘤浸润转移过程中起重要作用     

基质金属蛋白酶-2、E-钙黏附素和DNA含量与胃癌侵袭、转移的相关性研究

目的 :探讨基质金属蛋白酶 - 2 (MMP- 2 )、E-钙黏附素 (E- cadherin)在胃癌组织中的表达和癌细胞核 DNA含量与胃癌侵袭、转移的相关性。方法 :对 83例胃癌组织、2 5例正常胃组织进行了上述 3个指标的检测。结果 :正常胃黏膜中 MMP- 2呈阴性表达 ,E- cadherin呈强阳性表达。胃癌组织中 MMP- 2表达呈阳性 ,阳性率为 78.3% (6 5 / 83) ,MMP- 2表达强度与胃癌分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度、弥漫性生长、 TNM分期显著相关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;而 E- cadherin的阳性率明显减低为16 .9% (14 / 83) ,E- cadherin表达减低与胃癌细胞分化差、浸润深度、弥漫性生长、淋巴结转移密切相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。 DNA指数在胃癌组织和正常胃组织分别为 1.4 7± 0 .2 3和 0 .97± 0 .15 (P<0 .0 1) ;DNA指数与胃癌的分化程度、浸润深度、生长方式、淋巴结转移有相关性 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :MMP- 2、E- cadherin表达和 DNA含量与胃癌浸润转移密切相关 ,三者在癌组织中水平的变化属胃癌细胞重要的恶性生物学特征 ,其检测有助于对胃癌患者的转移及预后作出判断     

食管癌淋巴结转移的临床病理因素

目的 探讨食管癌淋巴结转移的临床病理相关因素。方法 对204例食管癌根治标本进行统计,分析各主要临床病理改变与淋巴结转移关系。结果 204例食管癌中有淋巴结转移者89例,淋巴结转移率为43.6％。胸中段癌淋巴结转移率为48.0％,胸上段癌和胸下段癌的淋巴结转移率分别为32.0％和26.9％。髓质型和溃疡型淋巴结转移率分别为47.6％和56.0％,除缩窄型外其他类型转移率最高者为21.4％。男性患者淋巴结转移率为54.3％,女性淋巴结转移率为28.4％。浸润至黏膜层和黏膜下层者,未发现淋巴结转移,浸润至浅肌层、深肌层、纤维膜者淋巴结转移率分别为28.6％、45.6％和48.8％。以上四种因素中前后两者间比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。淋巴结转移率与年龄无关,也不随肿瘤大小的增加而增加。结论 男性食管胸中段癌患者淋巴结转移率较高,尤其当肿物为髓质型和溃疡型时最为显著。     

38例肺源性脑转移瘤临床病理分析

目的 肺源性脑转移瘤临床病理特征。方法 研究38例肺源性脑转移瘤的临床和病理特点,男性27例,女性11例;年龄在30-74岁之间。其中5例转移性癌作免疫组织化学染色和电镜观察。结果 20例为腺癌,12/20为乳头状腺癌;5例为腺鳞癌,7例为鳞形细胞癌,4例为燕麦细胞癌,2例为不典型类癌;5例乳头状腺癌作免疫组织化学染色示CK(5/5)和CEA(4/5)为阳性;电镜显示转移性乳头状腺癌具有肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞分化潜能。结论 肺癌中腺癌更易发生脑转移,免疫组织化学在鉴别诊断中有一定的辅助作用,转移性乳头状腺癌具有异质性。