Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and vascular inflammation: Insights into the pathogenesis of macrovascular complications in diabetes

The incidence and severity of atherosclerosis is increased in patients with diabetes. Indeed, accelerated macrovascular disease in diabetic patients has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. Multiple investigations have suggested that there are numerous potential contributory factors that underlie these observations. Our laboratory has focused on the contribution of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and its proinflammatory ligands, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and S100/calgranulins in vascular perturbation, manifested as enhanced atherogenesis or accelerated restenosis after angioplasty. In rodent models of diabetic complications, blockade of RAGE suppressed vascular hyperpermeability, accelerated atherosclerotic lesion area and complexity in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, and prevented exaggerated neointimal formation in hyperglycemic fatty Zucker rats subjected to injury of the carotid artery. In this review, we summarize these findings and provide an overview of distinct mechanisms that contribute to the development of accelerated diabetic macrovascular disease. Insights into therapeutic strategies to prevent or interrupt these processes are presented.     

Diagnostic value of glypican-3 in serum and liver for primary hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of glypican-3(GPC3) in serum and liver for primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:Serum levels of GPC3 and α-fetoprotein(AFP) were measured in 75 patients with primary HCC and 32 patients with liver cirrhosis.Expression of GPC3 and AFP in 58 HCC and 12 cirrhotic specimens was detected with immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:When the cut-off value of serum GPC3 was set at 300 ng/L,its sensitivity and specificity for HCC were 47.0% and 93.5%,respectively.Among the...     

改善胰岛素抵抗治疗NAFLD/NASH的循证证据

非酒精性脂肪性肝病/非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NAFLD/NASH)是指除外酒精和其他明确的肝损伤因素所致的以肝细胞脂肪沉积为特征的临床病理综合征。胰岛素抵抗(IR)与NAFLD/NASH的发病密切相关,因此改善IR或许可以减轻肝损伤。多项随机对照临床试验显示胰岛素增敏剂和逐渐减轻体质量(饮食疗法或体育锻炼等)对NAFLD的治疗有一定作用,但长期疗效尚不明确。本文对近年关于改善IR治疗NAFLD/NASH的临床试验作一综述。     

胃食管反流病患者生活质量调查187例

目的:调查消化门诊人群胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)生活质量状况.方法:针对安徽铜陵三家市级医院2008-06/08消化内科门诊连续就诊人群,根据国内通用的GERD临床诊断标准(RDQ总积分≥12分)和洛杉矶反流性食管炎(RE)内镜诊断标准进行GERD调查和诊断,采用中文版SF-36生存质量量表进行GERD患者生活质量状况地评估.所有调查资料使用Epi Data 3.0软件建立数据库,利用SPSS13.0做统计学分析.根据数据的分布特征,分别采用X2检验、非参数检验、两样本t检验.结果:三家市级医院消化内科门诊7 352例连续就诊患者中共调查诊断出GERD 199例.187例GERD患者实际参与了生活质量状况的调查,选取了374例同年龄同性别的正常健康人群进行了病例对照研究.结果显示,GERD病例组8个纬度生活质量评分、SF-36量表总分均明显低于健康对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05).非糜烂性反流病(nonerosive reflux disease,NERD)组7个纬度生活质量评分、SF-36量表总分均明显低于反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis,RE)组患者,有显著性差异(P<0.05).无论NERD或RE组女性患者生活质量量表总分均明显低于男性,有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:GERD患者生活质量较正常健康人群明显下降;在NERD、女性患者中更为突出.精神心理因素可能在GERD发病中起到一定作用.