HPLC测定早产儿咖啡因血药浓度

目的 建立HPLC测定早产儿咖啡因血药浓度的方法。方法 色谱柱为Insertil ODS-3（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,甲醇-水（28：72）为流动相,流速1 mL·min^-1,检测波长274 nm,柱温30℃,进样量20 μL。结果 咖啡因血药浓度在2.5~60 mg·L^-1内呈良好的线性关系（r²=0.999 9,n=9）,定量限为0.125 mg·L^-1。提取回收率为82.5%~89.7%,方法回收率为97.2%~103.0%;日内与日间精密度RSD均<10%。随机检测5名负荷剂量给药的患儿次日咖啡因谷浓度为（15.8±2.1） mg·L^-1,另5例患儿给药7 d后检测咖啡因谷浓度为（24.3±4.6） mg·L^-1,均在有效线性范围内。结论 本方法灵敏、可靠,可作为咖啡因血药浓度的常规监测方法。     

High-content analysis for mitophagy response to nanoparticles: A potential sensitive biomarker for nanosafety assessment

Mitophagy, a selective autophagy of mitochondria, clears up damaged mitochondria to maintain cell homeostasis. We performed high-content analysis (HCA) to detect the increase of PINK1, an essential protein controlling mitophagy, in hepatic cells treated with several nanoparticles (NPs). PINK1 immunofluorescence-based HCA was more sensitive than assays and detections for cell viability and mitochondrial functions. Of which, superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-NPs or graphene oxide-quantum dots (GO-QDs) was selected as representatives for positive or negative inducer of mitophagy. SPIO-NPs, but not GO-QDs, activated PINK1-dependent mitophagy as demonstrated by recruitment of PARKIN to mitochondria and degradation of injured mitochondria. SPIO-NPs caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, decrease in ATP, and increase in mitochondrial reactive oxide species and Ca²⁺. Blocking mitophagy with PARKIN siRNA aggravated the cytotoxicity of SPIO-NPs. Taken together, PINK1 immunofluorescence-based HCA is considered to be an early, sensitive, and reliable approach to evaluate the bioimpacts of NPs.     

FTY720 Inhibits MPP+-Induced Microglial Activation by Affecting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology - Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and excessive microglial activation in the substantia nigra pars...     

Corona Virus Disease 2019 patients with different disease severity or age range: A single-center study of clinical features and prognosis

This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and prognosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and to compare these features among COVID-19 patients with different disease severity or age range.Totally, 129 COVID-19 patients were retrospectively enrolled, and the information about demographics, comorbidities, medical histories, clinical symptoms, and laboratory findings at the time of hospital admission were collected. Meanwhile, their clinical outcomes were recorded. According to the fourth version of the guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 by the National Health Commission of China, patients were divided into subgroups according to disease severity (moderate and severe/critical) or age (<40 years, 40–64 years and ≥65 years).In total patients, the most common clinical symptoms were fever and cough (all incidences over 50%). Other common clinical symptoms included tiredness/anorexia, shortness of breath, dyspnea, aching pain, expectoration, diarrhea, shivering, and nausea/vomiting. The mortality rate was 5.4%, and the median value of hospital stay was 16.0 (11.0–23.0) days. Subgroup analyses disclosed that severe/critical patients exhibited increased neutrophil count, neutrophils, C-reactive protein, calcitonin, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, and D-dimer levels, and more deaths compared with that in moderate patients. Regarding age, it correlated with more common fever, higher levels of red blood cell, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophils, red cell volume distribution width standard deviation-coefficient of variation, calcitonin, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, Creatine Kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and D-dimer, raised death rate and prolonged hospital stay.Our findings provide valuable evidence regarding clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients to help with the understanding of the disease and prognosis improvement.     

不同视觉方式引导下的运动想象脑电信号特征对比分析研究

目的 研究人服匹配因素（包括肘关节旋转中心位置、人服几何匹配度）对人服典型关节耦合运动的影响,了解人服耦合力学特性。方法 采用内置式测量方法进行试验,受试者穿戴航天服上肢组件在负压舱内指定位置完成肘关节屈曲运动,使用惯性运动捕捉系统与压力测量系统,分别采集人体运动数据与人服接触力的数据,并对测量结果进行分析。结果 人服耦合运动受到人服匹配因素的影响,受试者在4个位置肘关节屈曲40°时的平均力矩分别为3.7565Nm、2.8561Nm、2.9113Nm和4.0129Nm,屈曲过程消耗的能量平均为1.769J、1.565J、1.176J和1.982J;航天服关节阻尼力矩与围度比线性相关,相关系数r=0.7315。结论 航天服关节中间位置与人体肘关节旋转中心匹配时活动性能较好,较小的前臂围着服工况运动时受到的关节阻尼力矩较小,人服耦合力学特性与人服匹配因素密切相关。     

川芎嗪通过抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路诱导自噬改善糖尿病肾病大鼠肾损害

目的 探讨川芎嗪对糖尿病肾病（DN）大鼠肾脏 PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路和自噬标志蛋白 LC3B表达以及 尿微量白蛋白与尿肌酐比值（UACR）、肾脏病理的影响。方法 采用链脲佐菌素建立 DN大鼠模型,将模型大鼠随机 分为模型组,川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组,厄贝沙坦组;另设正常组,每组 12只。分别干预 8周后,采用酶法测定尿肌酐, 免疫比浊法测定尿微量白蛋白,计算 UACR;取肾组织,经甲醛固定后,进行苏木精-伊红（HE）和过碘酸-雪夫（PAS） 染色;通过蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）和免疫组化检测大鼠肾组织 PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路以及自噬标志蛋白 LC3B 表达的变化。结果 川芎嗪能减缓 DN 大鼠 UACR 的升高,改善其肾脏病理变化,其中川芎嗪中、高剂量组 UACR显著低于模型组（P＜0.05）,且川芎嗪中、高剂量组与厄贝沙坦组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。此外, 川芎嗪能抑制 DN大鼠肾组织 p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR的表达,进而提高自噬标志蛋白 LC3B的表达水平和 LC3B-Ⅱ/ LC3B-Ⅰ比值。结论 川芎嗪能降低 DN大鼠 UACR的升高、改善其肾脏病理变化,发挥以上肾保护作用的机制可能 与其抑制 PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路,进而促进肾脏自噬有关。     

调强放疗模式下食管癌患者急性放射性肺损伤的影响因素分析

目的 探讨调强放射治疗模式下食管癌患者出现急性放射性肺损伤的影响因素。方法 回顾分析2014 年1月—2016年12月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院接受调强放疗的食管癌患者233例, 按照是否发生急性放射性肺损伤分组, 对发生放射性肺损伤的影响因素进行预测分析。临床资料包括年龄、 性别、 T分期、 淋巴结有无转移、 病理类型、 病变位置、 病变长度、 化疗模式、 KPS评分、 基础肺疾病、 糖尿病、 吸烟史; 物理学参数包括双肺V5、 V10、 V15、 V20、 V30、 全肺平均剂量 （MLD）、 肿瘤靶区 （GTV） 体积、 两肺体积、 GTV体积与两肺体积比值、 放射野数、 处方剂量。采用Logistic回归分析筛选放射性肺损伤的危险因素。结果 233例患者中63例 （27%） 出现急性放射性肺损伤, 其中≥2级急性放射性肺损伤25例 （10.7%）。急性RILI组与无RILI组间淋巴结转移、 GTV体积、 GTV体积与两肺体积比值、 MLD、 双肺V5、 V10、 V15、 V20、 V30、 处方剂量比较差异有统计学意义。多因素分析显示, 双肺V5≥63.15% （OR= 1.022, 95%CI： 1.003～1.041）、 V30≥5.35% （OR=2.693, 95%CI： 1.159～6.010） 是发生急性放射性肺损伤的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 评估食管癌调强放疗治疗计划时, 应充分考虑临床特征、 双肺V5、 V30等物理学指标, 尽量降低放射性肺损伤的风险。