大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌经历与大学生生活质量的关联研究

目的 探讨大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌经历对大学生生活质量的影响。方法 2018年10月采用分层整群抽样方法选取安徽省合肥市4所高校4 034名在校大学生作为研究对象,调查研究对象大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌经历和当前的生活质量。采用t检验和方差分析比较不同组各维度得分差异,采用多元线性回归模型分别分析大学前不同阶段欺凌经历、不同欺凌种数与大学生生活质量的关系。结果 4 034名大学生生活质量4个维度（生理、心理、社会关系和环境）得分分别为12.61±2.02、14.09±2.62、13.72±2.71和13.77±2.46。多元线性回归分析（控制相关混杂因素）结果显示,大学生在小学（β=-0.21）、中学（β=-0.27）和两阶段（β=-0.56）被言语欺凌、中学阶段被关系欺凌（β=-0.21）、中学阶段被躯体欺凌（β=-0.38）和两阶段躯体欺凌（β=-0.67）均与大学生生活质量生理维度得分呈负相关;大学生在两阶段被言语欺凌（β=-0.41）和中学阶段被关系欺凌（β=-0.42）与大学生生活质量心理维度得分呈负相关;大学生在中学阶段被关系欺凌（β=-0.32）、中学（β=-0.51）和两阶段被躯体欺凌（β=-0.57）均与大学生生活质量社会关系维度得分呈负相关;大学生在小学和两阶段被言语欺凌（β=-0.20、-0.46）和关系欺凌（β=-0.35、-0.90）均与大学生生活质量环境维度得分呈负相关,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。欺凌受害指数与大学生生活质量生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个维度得分呈负相关（β=-0.33、-0.36、-0.30、-0.33）;实施欺凌指数与大学生生活质量4个维度得分也呈负相关（β=-0.28、-0.31、-0.23、-0.28）,相关性差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论 大学前不同阶段欺凌经历均与大学生生活质量各维度得分降低有关联,应加强大学前不同阶段同伴欺凌的预防控制。     

烟曲霉对唑类药物耐药研究的最新进展

烟曲霉是一种重要的临床致病真菌,可引发致死性霉菌感染。唑类药物是治疗各类曲霉病的临床一线药物。近年来,全世界范围内烟曲霉对唑类药物耐药的报道不断增加,严重影响临床和农药唑类药物使用的有效性,已成为一个重要公共卫生问题。本文主要对烟曲霉唑类药物耐药的流行现状、耐药分子机制、耐药产生的原因、耐药株的进化规律以及防控措施等分别进行介绍。     

基于CiteSpace国内婴儿哭声研究领域的知识图谱分析

目的 分析国内婴儿哭声研究领域的现状,探索该领域国内研究热点,旨在为婴儿哭声领域科研工作提供一定思路和依据。方法 检索CNKI建库至2021年12月期间所收录的婴儿哭声相关研究文献,运用CiteSpace软件对纳入文献从发文量、作者、机构、关键词、突现5个方面进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入190篇文献,1980—2021年间该领域发文量整体呈上升趋势;研究作者较少,作者间合作网络尚未形成;研究机构之间交互性差,发文量最多的是杭州医学院及其附属医院;“护理干预”、“哭声信息识别”、“深度学习”为该领域研究热点;“护理”、“新生儿”、“婴儿哭声”、“深度学习”为该领域研究前沿;研究趋势由新生儿病理性哭声研究转向婴儿哭声针对性干预、深度学习。结论 国内婴儿哭声领域受到更多重视,未来应强化作者和机构间的合作交流,融合多学科发展,扩大研究范围,可从婴儿情感需求分析、智能医学与监护、新型护理干预方法等方面着手,加速国内婴儿哭声研究进程。     

~(60)Co-γ射线辐照对蛤蟆油营养成分的影响研究

目的:研究食品原料蛤蟆油经60Co-γ射线照射后营养成分的变化。方法:采用0、5、10、15 kGyγ射线对蛤蟆油进行辐照,以加速试验来评价辐照前后营养成分变化与辐照剂量的相关性。结果:在5~15 kGy剂量范围内,5 kGy辐照前后维生素D,E含量变化均无显著性差异(P0.05),而10~15 kGy辐照以及加速试验均使蛤蟆油中维生素A,E含量显著降低(P0.01),维生素D受照射影响较小;脂肪酸在5~15 kGy辐照后变化不明显,但加速试验发现15 kGy使脂肪酸含量显著提高;经SDS-PAGE分析其分子量为20 KD的蛋白区带随辐照剂量增加而变深。结论:60Co照射动物性高蛋白、低脂肪、低维生素固体样品,在高辐照剂量下加速试验均有不同程度影响,但5 kGy剂量辐照还是安全的。     

Temporal and spatial distributions of aerial contaminants in an enclosed pig building in winter

Optimal management of indoor air quality in an enclosed swine house, especially in winter, is indispensable for preventing the transmission of infectious respiratory disease to workers and animals. Studies are needed to elucidate the correlation of aerial contaminants and climate factors. It was observed that indoor air contamination in an enclosed pig building was the highest at 2:00--5:00 PM, followed by 8:00--11:00 PM and 8:00--11:00 AM. It was assumed that this was attributed to the increase of swine activities in the afternoon. In general, the concentration of total dust and total airborne bacteria in an enclosed pig building was found to have a significant correlation with temperature and relative humidity (P<0.05). There were significant correlations between total dust and total airborne bacteria, between total dust and ammonia, and between total dust and odor at the 95% confidence level. In conclusion, temperature and total dust concentration correlated significantly with all parameters except hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). This could have been due to the drying of swine feces due to the increase in interior temperature and the resuspension of feed deposited on the floor of the pig building by the swines' activity, resulting in a high generation of dust that adsorbed and carried the airborne bacteria and odorous compounds in the enclosed pig building. It was proved that an adsorptive capacity of dust for ammonia was higher than for hydrogen sulfide.     

癌痛的药物治疗

疼痛是晚期癌症患者最常见的症状之一,它直接影响着癌症患者的生存质量,因此癌痛的治疗也影响着整个肿瘤综合治疗结果的评价。WHO推行的“癌症三阶梯止痛法”是癌痛治疗的主要手段,而阿片类药物是镇痛药物中最主要的部分。经过多年的研究与实践,中医药在癌痛治疗中的作用已得到认可,中药与西药的合理配合应用,可以更好地发挥其协同作用,而减少副作用。因此,中药配合三阶梯止痛法治疗癌痛具有重要的研究与应用价值。     

Comparative analysis of transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand-induced gene expression patterns and protein-protein interactions in triple-negative breast cancer

In patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), high tumour mutation burden and aberrant oncogene expression profiles are some of the causes of poor prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify aberrantly expressed oncogenes, since they have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets. Transient receptor potential channel 5 opposite strand (TRPC5OS) has been previously shown to function as a novel tumour inducer. However, the underlying mechanism of TRPC5OS function in TNBC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study TRPC5OS expression was first measured in tissue samples of patients with TNBC and a panel of breast cancer cell lines (ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-453, SK-BR-3, JIMT-1, BT474 and HCC1937) by using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, the possible effects of TRPC5OS on MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assays after Lentiviral transfection of MDA-MB-231. In addition, potential interaction partners of TRPC5OS were explored using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Gene expression patterns following TRPC5OS overexpression were also detected in MDA-MB-231 cells by using High-throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were then used to systematically verify the potential interactions among the TRPC5OS-regulated genes. The potential relationship between TRPC5OS-interacting proteins and gene expression patterns were studied using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) analysis. TRPC5OS expression was found to be significantly higher in TNBC tumour tissues and breast cancer cell lines compared with luminal tumour tissues and ZR-75-1. In addition, the overexpression of TRPC5OS significantly increased cell proliferation. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that 5,256 genes exhibited differential expression following TRPC5OS overexpression, including 3,269 upregulated genes and 1,987 downregulated genes. GO analysis results indicated that the functions of these differentially expressed genes were enriched in the categories of ‘cell division’ and ‘cell proliferation’ regulation. KEGG analysis showed that the TRPC5OS-regulated genes were associated with processes of ‘homologous recombination’ and ‘TNF signalling pathways’. Subsequently, 17 TRPC5OS-interacting proteins were found using LC-MS/MS and STRING analysis. The most important protein among interacting proteins was ENO1 which was associated with glycolysis and regulated proliferation of cancer. In summary, data from the present study suggest that TRPC5OS overexpression can increase TNBC cell proliferation and ENO1 may be a potential target protein mediated by TRPC5OS. Therefore, TRPC5OS may serve as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC.     

A novel fluorescent digitonin derivative for non-invasive skin cholesterol detection: potential application in atherosclerosis screening

There is a great demand for the rapid and non-invasive atherosclerosis screening method. Cholesterol content in the epidermis of the skin is an early biomarker for atherosclerosis. Risk assessment of atherosclerosis can be achieved by measuring cholesterol in the epidermis. Here, we synthesised a new fluorescent digitonin derivative (FDD) for the non-invasive detection of skin cholesterol. The results of fluorescence spectroscopy studies indicated that the probe exhibited desirable selectivity for cholesterol. The proof-of-concept preclinical study confirmed that FDD can detect different concentrations of skin cholesterol; patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and the at-risk atherosclerosis group exhibited higher skin cholesterol content than the normal group. The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing the normal/disease group was 0.9228 (95% confidence interval, 0.8938 to 0.9518), and the area under the ROC curve for distinguishing the normal/risk group was 0.9422 (95% confidence interval, 0.9178 to 0.9665). We anticipate that this non-invasive skin cholesterol test may be used as a risk assessment tool for atherosclerosis screening in a large population for further examination and intervention in high-risk populations.

Digitonin was used to synthesise a fluorescence probe for the non-invasive detection of skin cholesterol. This non-invasive skin cholesterol method may be used as a risk assessment tool for atherosclerosis screening in a large population.     

不同浓度七氟烷对小儿先天性心脏病心内直视手术血流动力学及心肌酶的影响

目的:对比不同浓度七氟烷对先天性心脏病(简称先心病)心内直视手术患儿血流动力学、心肌酶的影响。方法:选取择期行先心病心内直视手术患儿75例,男36例、女39例,年龄5～11岁,根据七氟烷吸入浓度分为S1组、S2组、S3组,各25例。麻醉诱导：静脉注射0.05～0.10 mg/kg咪达唑仑、0.2～0.3 mg/kg依托咪酯、1.0～2.0μg/kg舒芬太尼以及0.8 mg/kg罗库溴铵;麻醉维持：麻醉诱导后行气管插管,自机械通气起S1、S2、S3组患儿分别持续吸入体积分数2.0%、2.5%、3.0%七氟烷,同时持续静脉泵注9～12μg·kg^-1·min^-1罗库溴铵、2.0～2.5μg·kg^-1·h^-1舒芬太尼、0.2～0.7μg·kg^-1·h^-1右美托咪定直至手术结束。记录3组患儿体外循环(CPB)时间、主动脉阻断(ACC)时间、转机时间、机械通气时间;分别于术前(T0)、麻醉诱导后(T1)、切皮后(T2)、劈胸骨后(T3)、术毕(T4)、术后6 h(T5...