Recrystallized ice-templated electroless plating for fabricating flexible transparent copper meshes

Flexible transparent conductors as a replacement for indium tin oxide (ITO) have been urgently pursued due to the inherent drawbacks of ITO films. Here, we report the fabrication of flexible transparent copper meshes with recrystallized ice-crystal templates. Completely different to conventional approaches, this novel method needs neither the fabrication of mesh patterns via micro/nanofabrication technologies nor the deposition of copper through evaporation or sputtering. The linewidth and mesh size of the prepared copper meshes can be regulated, as the ice recrystallization process is controllable. Therefore, the formed copper meshes have tailorable conductivity and transparency, which are critical for optoelectronic devices. Remarkably, the electrical performance of the copper meshes is maintained even after storing for 60 days in ambient conditions or bending for 1000 cycles. This strategy is modular and can also be employed to prepare other metal meshes, such as silver meshes, offering versatile substitutes for ITO in electronic devices.

Herein, we report the fabrication of flexible copper meshes using recrystallized ice-crystal templates. The linewidth and mean size of the copper meshes can be tuned by adjusting the ice grains.     

经皮肾镜联合输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管石街

目的探讨经皮肾镜取石术（percutaneous nephrolithotripsy,PCNL）联合经尿道输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管石街的可行性。方法 2008年3月～2011年10月对27例经B超、KUB、泌尿系CT三维重建等检查确诊的输尿管石街,在输尿管镜下气压弹道加水冲将石街推至肾盂或输尿管上段,再行PCNL。结果 23例1次取石成功,3例2次取石成功,1例因输尿管下端闭锁无法进镜,仅行经皮肾造瘘置管引流术。19例随访3～12个月,平均6个月,8例积水完全消失,7例轻度积水,4例中度积水,无出血、输尿管梗阻、结石复发。结论 PCNL联合输尿管镜气压弹道治疗输尿管石街,疗效确切、安全。     

A new strategy to enhance artificial ligament graft osseointegration in the bone tunnel using hydroxypropylcellulose

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine whether hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) coating of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligaments enhances graft osseointegration in the bone tunnel.

Methods

Thirty New Zealand white rabbits underwent artificial ligament graft transplantation in the bilateral proximal tibia tunnels. One limb was implanted with an HPC-coated PET graft, and the contralateral limb was implanted with a non-HPC-coated PET graft as a control. The rabbits were then randomly sacrificed at weeks four and eight after surgery for biomechanical testing, histological examination, and histomorphometric and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Results

At week four after surgery, there were no statistically significant differences in the load to failure or stiffness values between the experimental and control limbs (P = 0.328 and P = 0.128, respectively). At week eight after surgery, the mean load to failure and stiffness value of the experimental limbs was higher than that of the control limbs (P < 0.001 and P = 0.018, respectively). At week eight after surgery, some protruding new bone tissue from the host bone to the graft was found in the HPC-coated group, while a thick fibrous tissue band was observed at the interface between the graft and the host bone in the control group. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the graft-bone interface width in the HPC-coated group was significantly narrower than that in the control group at week eight after surgery (P < 0.001). At weeks four and eight after surgery, the mRNA expression level of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the HPC group was higher than that in the control group (P = 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). The mRNA expression level of osteopontin in the HPC group was higher than that in the control group only at week four after surgery (P = 0.032).

Conclusions

Our data show that an HPC coating on the surface of PET artificial ligament grafts may induce artificial ligament graft osseointegration in the bone tunnel.     

腹腔穿刺引流用于急性胰腺炎并液体积聚观察

评估早于经皮穿刺置管引流（PCD）进行腹腔穿刺引流（APD）的有效性,以代替单独经皮穿刺置管引流（PCD-alone）,作为升阶梯治疗的新的第2步治疗方法。 以2009年6月到2011年6月入院的102例急性胰腺炎患者为研究对象,根据是否行APD将患者分为APD+PCD组53例和单独PCD组49例。通过回顾性分析,比较其术后死亡率、反复发作急性胰腺炎和慢性胰腺炎的发生率、器官衰竭、远期干预等。APD+PCD组死亡率3.77%,单独PCD组死亡率8.16%,APD+PCD组显著低于单独PCD组（P＜0.05）。经2年随访,APD+PCD组反复发作急性胰腺炎及慢性胰腺炎发生率分别为7.84%、5.88%,单独PCD组反复发作急性胰腺炎及慢性胰腺炎发生率分别为14.29%、8.16%,APD+PCD组显著低于单独PCD组（P＜0.05）。APD+PCD组较单独PCD组器官衰竭数少,从发病到远期干预的时间明显延迟,住院费用较低。早于PCD进行APD有益于患者,且方法简单实用,值得临床推广。     

广西壮族自治区2005-2021年新报告男男性行为人群HIV感染者晚发现及影响因素分析

目的分析广西壮族自治区(广西)防治艾滋病攻坚工程开展前后MSM HIV感染者(MSM感染者)的晚发现变化趋势及其影响因素, 从中寻找现阶段需要优先干预的人群。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病防治基本信息系统中选取2005-2021年广西新报告的MSM感染者作为研究对象。采用Joinpoint 4.9.1.0软件对晚发现病例和非晚发现病例进行时间趋势检验, 运用logistic回归分析各阶段晚发现的影响因素。结果 2005-2021年广西新报告MSM感染者共5 764例, 晚发现比例为28.45%(1 640例)。以2015年为界, 晚发现比例呈先急速下降后趋于稳定的趋势, 平均年度变化百分比=-6.90%(P<0.001), 2010年后常住人口、职业为农民工和样本来源于就诊医疗等因素在攻坚工程开展前后对晚发现的影响效应变化较大, 现阶段晚发现的影响因素有年龄、常住人口、职业为农民工和学生。结论攻坚工程前后广西新报告MSM感染者的晚发现比例下降趋势明显, 但晚发现仍不容忽视, 需针对常住人口、农民工和学生人群开展精准防控。     

介入治疗脑血管病相关对比剂脑病临床及影像学表现:7例报告

目的 观察介入治疗脑血管病相关对比剂脑病（CIE）的临床及影像学表现。方法 回顾性分析7例因脑血管病接受介入治疗后发生CIE患者,观察其临床及影像学表现。结果 7例介入治疗包括4例动脉瘤栓塞术、1例右侧大脑中动脉介入取栓术、1例左侧大脑中动脉取栓术联合球囊扩张成形术及1例颈内动脉狭窄球囊扩张成形术。术后12 h内6例新发偏瘫、1例偏瘫加重,出现癫痫及视力障碍（皮质盲）各4例,意识障碍3例,失语1例;影像学表现包括MRI显示术侧大脑皮层肿胀、脑组织呈弥散加权成像（DWI）高信号3例、两侧枕额叶DWI高信号1例,CT显示3例术侧脑沟高密度影。经降颅压等对症支持治疗2~5天后新发症状消失,2~14天后体征好转或消失;6例治疗后9~48 h、1例治疗后5天复查显示上述异常征象减弱或消失,脑血管MR造影（MRA）颅内动脉均未见狭窄及闭塞。结论 CIE临床及影像学表现均具有一定特异性,及时确诊并给予相应治疗预后较好。