Influence of graft size matching on outcomes of infantile living donor liver transplantation

We aimed to assess the impact of size mismatching between grafts and recipients on outcomes of infants or small children after LDLT. Between October 2006 and December 2014, 129 LDLT recipients weighing no more than 8 kg were retrospectively analyzed. The entire cohort was categorized into three groups by GRWR: GRWR<3.0% (group A, n = 38), 3.0%≤GRWR<4.0% (group B, n = 61), and GRWR≥4.0% (group C, n = 30). Baseline characteristics were similar among groups A, B, and C. Compared with groups A and B, post‐transplant alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase within seven days were significantly higher in group C; however, differences between total bilirubin and albumin after transplantation were not prominent. Moreover, incidences of surgical complications, perioperative deaths, infections, and acute rejections were all comparable among the three groups. Five‐yr patient survival rates for groups A, B, and C were 89.5%, 88.9%, and 81.6%, respectively (p = 0.872), and the graft survival rates were 89.5%, 86.6%, and 81.6%, respectively (p = 0.846). In conclusion, GRWR between 1.9% and 5.8% would not cause noticeable adverse events for infantile LDLT recipients ≤8 kg. However, there is still a role for considering reduction in the graft mass as an applicable strategy in selected cases.     

Distinct microRNA expression profiles in acute myeloid leukemia with common translocations

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are postulated to be important regulators in cancers. Here, we report a genome-wide miRNA expression analysis in 52 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples with common translocations, including t(8;21)/AML1(RUNX1)-ETO(RUNX1T1), inv(16)/CBFB-MYH11, t(15;17)/PML-RARA, and MLL rearrangements. Distinct miRNA expression patterns were observed for t(15;17), MLL rearrangements, and core-binding factor (CBF) AMLs including both t(8;21) and inv(16) samples. Expression signatures of a minimum of two (i.e., miR-126/126*), three (i.e., miR-224, miR-368, and miR-382), and seven (miR-17-5p and miR-20a, plus the aforementioned five) miRNAs could accurately discriminate CBF, t(15;17), and MLL-rearrangement AMLs, respectively, from each other. We further showed that the elevated expression of miR-126/126* in CBF AMLs was associated with promoter demethylation but not with amplification or mutation of the genomic locus. Our gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that miR-126/126* inhibited apoptosis and increased the viability of AML cells and enhanced the colony-forming ability of mouse normal bone marrow progenitor cells alone and particularly, in cooperation with AML1-ETO, likely through targeting Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), a tumor suppressor. Our results demonstrate that specific alterations in miRNA expression distinguish AMLs with common translocations and imply that the deregulation of specific miRNAs may play a role in the development of leukemia with these associated genetic rearrangements.     

Bio-inspired self-assembly of waxberry-like core-shell SiO2@TiO2 nanoparticles towards antiglare coatings

Waxberry-like core–shell SiO₂@TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by liquid-phase deposition (LPD) method. The dip-coating self-assembly of waxberry-like core–shell SiO₂@TiO₂ nanoparticles has been used to fabricate coatings with excellent antiglare properties in the large angle and wide wavelength range. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements showed that the surface of SiO₂ nanoparticles were coated by titania as a shell with controllable and uniform thickness. The ultraviolet visible near-infrared spectrophotometer (UV-Vis-NIR) results indicate that the maximum transmittance of the antiglare coating is up to 95.80% in the visible band, whereas that of the pure glass substrate is only 92.10%. The scattering and haze of the films have been measured to show that such specifically structured coatings exhibited good antiglare properties in the large angle and wide wavelength range.

The dip-coating self-assembly of waxberry-like core–shell SiO₂@TiO₂ nanoparticles has been used to fabricate antiglare coatings with excellent antiglare properties in the large angle and wide wavelength range.     

中药正肝汤对乙型肝炎肝硬化患者血清瘦素、脂联素水平以及胰岛素抵抗影响的分析

目的 观察中药制剂正肝汤治疗乙型肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化患者对其血清瘦素(LEP)、脂联素(ADP)水平及胰岛素抵抗(IR)的影响。方法 将入选的66例乙肝肝硬化患者随机分为对照组(31例)和治疗组(35例), 其中对照组选用肌苷片和维生素C口服治疗, 治疗组在此基础上, 应用正肝汤治疗, 疗程为3个月, 测定治疗前后患者血清LEP、ADP水平及IR指数。结果 对照组血清LEP、ADP水平和IR指数与治疗前比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗组血清LEP、ADP水平和IR指数较治疗前明显下降, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), 治疗组血清LEP和ADP水平与对照组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 正肝汤治疗乙肝肝硬化患者具有降低血清LEP、ADP水平, 并有改善IR的作用。     

氨甲环酸的使用方式对全髋置换术显隐性失血影响的研究

目的：通过分组对照实验,探讨氨甲环酸的不同使用方式对全髋关节置换术（THA）显隐性失血的影响。方法病例选自该院骨科2010年3月至2013年8月共60例患者。诊断：股骨颈骨折47例,股骨头坏死13例;年龄45～82岁,平均62岁,均接受单侧T H A。所有病例分为A组、B组和C组共3组,各20例,经过筛选,每组男性6例,女性14例,均为初次全髋置换。A组术前0．5 h、术后3 h分别予100 mL生理盐水静滴;B组术前0．5 h将氨甲环酸按10 mg／kg稀释于100 mL生理盐水中静滴,术后3 h予100 mL生理盐水静滴;C组术前0．5 h、术后3 h分别将氨甲环酸按10 mg／kg稀释于100 mL生理盐水中静滴。计算各组患者的显性及隐性失血量,并进行统计学分析,探讨实验组中氨甲环酸2种使用方式的有效性及安全性。结果显性红细胞丢失量：A组（196．20±44．45）m L ,B组（114．84±35．21）m L ,C组（104．47±30．01）m L ;隐性红细胞丢失量：A组（614．50±98．41）m L ,B组（425．74±70．01）m L ,C组（337．12±52．23）m L。结论氨甲环酸的使用能明显减少T H A的显隐性失血量,术前0．5h合并术后3h使用较术前0．5h使用对减少隐性失血量效果更佳,进一步减少输血量,且不会明显增加下肢深静脉血栓形成的发生率。     

影响COPD急性加重期患者无创通气治疗有效性的因素

目的分析影响无创通气(NIV)治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者有效性的因素。方法依据APACHEⅡ评分,将107例AECOPD患者分为轻症组(<15分,21例)、中度组(15-25分,71例)和重症组(>25分,15例)。每组再分为有效亚组和无效亚组。检测降钙素原(PCT)、血pH、血乳酸(LAC)、血磷、血糖等相关指标,并分析影响NIV治疗有效性的因素。结果三组内亚组比较,有效亚组中PCT水平均低于无效亚组(P<0.05)。中度组中,有效亚组血pH和血磷水平均升高(P<0.05)。重症组中,有效亚组血糖和LAC均降低,而血pH升高(P<0.05)。PCT是影响轻症组NIV治疗有效性的因素(P<0.05)。PCT、血pH、血磷是影响中度组NIV治疗有效性的因素(P<0.05)。PCT、血糖、血pH、LAC是影响重度组NIV治疗有效性的因素(P<0.05)。结论 PCT、血pH、血磷、LAC、血糖是影响NIV治疗不同严重程度AECOPD患者有效性的因素。     

Refractive index sensing using the metal layer in DVD-R discs

In recent years, grating based bio-sensors have received much attention due to their promising applications in integrated sensing devices. However, production of high quality, large scale and low cost metal gratings is still challenging. Here, we introduce an extremely simple and low cost method to fabricate metal gratings by peeling off the metal layer from a DVD-R disc. An atomic force microscope image shows that the metal layer is a high quality grating, the period and depth of which are 740 nm and 86 nm, respectively. Based on the fabricated metal grating, refractive index sensing is experimentally achieved using two configurations, where either the resonant wavelength or the modulated laser power is measured. The sensitivity of the sensor by wavelength modulation reaches as high as 637 nmRIU⁻¹, which is comparable with or even higher than that of the existing grating coupled sensors. Our method largely reduces the cost to fabricate high quality metal gratings and will promote the development of grating based SPR sensors.

Here, we introduce an extremely simple and low cost method to fabricate metal gratings by peeling off the metal layer from a DVD-R disc.     

四川省西部山区农村寄宿制学校食育干预效果评价

目的通过对四川省西部山区农村寄宿制学校学生进行食育干预,提高学生的营养健康知识和技能,培养其科学的饮食习惯。方法整群抽取四川省蒲江县长秋山区农村寄宿制学校3所,并随机分为食育教育模式干预学校、普通营养教育对照学校及空白对照学校,研究对象为3所学校的2~8年级全部学生。结果经过1年时间的干预,食育干预学校学生营养健康知识知晓率有明显改善,"清楚知道《中国居民膳食宝塔》每层食物的"的知晓率上升最明显,相比基线调查上升了59.1%,高于对照组;在态度方面,食育干预学校学生喜欢吃含糖饮料的下降了19.0%;在行为方面,"学生购买食物前经常看营养标签"的上升了22.8%,"最近1周每天吃早餐"的上升了22.8%,均高于对照组。结论食育干预对学生的营养健康态度、食物喜好改变,还是饮食及健康相关行为方面的改善效果明显,而且食育干预效果优于普通营养教育对照学校。     

18F-FDG PET/CT对皮肌炎抗MDA5抗体及预后的预测价值

目的:分析抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)抗体阳性皮肌炎患者的肌肉FDG代谢、肿瘤发生率以及肺间质性改变在¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT的影像特征及其鉴别抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎的价值。 方法:回顾性分析2016年6月至2019年7月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院接受¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT检查的75例(34例抗MDA5抗体阳性,41例抗MDA5抗体阴性)皮肌炎患者[男21例、女54例,年龄(52.3±14.3)岁]和30名健康对照者[男10名、女20名,年龄(53.5±11.8)岁]的影像和临床资料,测定并计算肌肉SUV max及肌肉SUV max平均值(mSUV max);统计皮肌炎患者合并肿瘤性病变的情况;测定皮肌炎合并间质性肺炎患者肺炎病灶的SUV max。采用两独立样本 t检验、单因素方差分析、SNK检验和 χ²检验分析数据;行ROC曲线分析肌肉mSUV max鉴别抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎的诊断效能。 结果:健康对照者、抗MDA5抗体阳性和抗MDA5抗体阴性皮肌炎患者的肌肉mSUV max分别为0.39±0.05、0.66±0.21和0.87±0.29( F=39.93, P<0.001);皮肌炎患者的肌肉mSUV max均高于健康对照者( q值:6.76、12.63,均 P<0.001);抗MDA5抗体阴性患者高于抗MDA5抗体阳性患者( q=5.79, P<0.001)。ROC AUC为0.74,当肌肉mSUV max取最佳阈值0.75时,在皮肌炎中鉴别出抗MDA5抗体阳性的准确性为74.7%(56/75)。抗MDA5抗体阴性患者中,恶性肿瘤6例(14.6%,6/41);抗MDA5抗体阳性患者中,无恶性肿瘤病例(0/34;χ²=5.41, P=0.020)。抗MDA5抗体阴性伴发间质性肺炎11例(26.8%, 11/41),抗MDA5抗体阳性伴发间质性肺炎33例(97.1%, 33/34;χ²=37.81, P<0.001);抗MDA5抗体阳性患者肺炎FDG代谢高于抗MDA5抗体阴性患者(SUV max:3.65±1.83和2.38±1.27;t=2.13, P=0.039)。 结论:抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎患者的肌肉FDG代谢高于健康对照者,但低于抗MDA5抗体阴性患者。抗MDA5抗体阳性患者肿瘤性病变发生率低于抗MDA5抗体阴性患者。抗MDA5抗体阳性患者发生间质性肺炎的比例和严重程度均高于阴性患者。¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT对于鉴别抗MDA5抗体阳性皮肌炎具有一定价值。