普拉洛芬滴眼液在LASEK术中的应用

目的：观察普拉洛芬在LASEK术中应用的效果。

方法：选取2011-05/08来我院行LASEK手术患者56例112眼。随机分为实验组(使用普拉洛芬)和对照组。对两组患者术后的刺激症状进行1wk对比研究。

结果：两组在控制术后刺激症状方面有明显差异。实验组未见特殊的不良反应及并发症。

结论：普拉洛芬眼液是控制LASEK术后刺激症状的安全有效的药物。     

低压缩阈和非线性放大助听器对重度至极重度聋儿的言语接受与表达能力的影响

目的观察低压缩阈多通道数字信号处理助听器对重度和极重度语前聋儿言语接受和表达水平的影响。方法对14名重度和极重度语前聋儿先后进行了大功率线性助听器和WlDEX的Senso p38和C18＋助听器的选配。并在40dB和65dB水平采用言语声进行音节差别辨别测试、西班牙语单音节和双音节识别测试及言语表达测试。结果在小声言语水平和会话水平。使用低压缩阈多通道数字信号处理助听器对音节差别的分辨和识别测试得分更高：儿童言语发音更准确，言语接受能力提高。结论在独立的频率区域的低压缩阈所提供的柱外可听度。有助于言语接受和表达。试验中低压缩阈多通道数字信号处理助听器（Senso p38和C18＋）可促进听损人群言语能力的发展。建议在听损儿童的康复中选用。     

荆芥挥发油及其主要成分抗流感病毒作用研究

目的:观察荆芥挥发油及其主要成分薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内及小鼠体内的抗流感病毒作用。方法:分别以预防(鸡胚感染病毒前1h给药)和治疗(鸡胚染毒后1h给药)两种给药方式,经鸡胚尿囊腔和卵黄囊两种给药途径将不同浓度的药物注入鸡胚,孵育48h后收取鸡胚尿囊液进行血凝试验来评价药物在鸡胚内的抗病毒效应。分别以预防(小鼠感染病毒前5d开始给药,连续5d)和治疗(小鼠感染病毒后当天开始给药,连续5d)方式给药,计算肺指数来评价药物的体内抗病毒效应。结果:胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔预防给药后鸡胚尿囊液的血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.05×2-15ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12、0.025×2-12ml/胚剂量与胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊预防给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12ml/胚、薄荷酮0.05×2-6ml/胚剂量及胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低。荆芥挥发油0.226ml/kg、薄荷酮0.5ml/kg、胡薄荷酮0.19 ml/kg剂量治疗方式给药明显降低病毒感染小鼠的肺指数。结论:荆芥挥发油及其主要成分胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内具有较好的抗流感病毒作用,且以卵黄囊途径给药效果为优,薄荷酮的抗病毒效应不明显。荆芥挥发油、薄荷酮及胡薄荷酮治疗方式给药对流感病毒感染小鼠有良好保护作用,但预防给药效果不明显。     

Epidemiologic Study of Radiotherapy Use in China in Patients With Breast Cancer Between 1999 and 2008

BackgroundTo investigate the use of radiotherapy (RT) in China in patients with breast cancer over a 10-year period. A hospital-based, nationwide, multicenter, retrospective epidemiologic study of women with primary breast cancer was conducted.Patients and MethodsPatients were selected randomly in 7 hospitals from 1999 to 2008. Data on overall RT, postmastectomy RT (PMRT), RT after conservative breast surgery (PBRT) and palliative RT (PRT) were recorded. RT use was analyzed, and differences were compared by using the Cochran-Armitage trend test and the χ² test. A total of 3732 patients were included: 1009 (27%) received RT, including 688 (18.4%) PMRT, 170 (4.6%) PBRT, 86 (2.3%) PRT, 47 (1.3%) both PMRT and PRT, and 18 (0.5%) other RT.ResultsOverall use of RT increased significantly from 1999 to 2008 (2P < .001). There was a slight but significant increase in PMRT (2P = .012) and a 10-fold increase in PBRT (2P < .001); use of PRT was relatively constant (2P = .777). There was a significant difference among regions in the use of RT, PMRT, PBRT, and PRT (2P < .01). Of patients with stage III disease, 51.6% and of those with node-positive stage II disease treated by radical mastectomy, 21% had received PMRT. In patients treated by using breast conservative surgery, 83.7% received PBRT, which was not affected by stage.ConclusionIn summary, in China, the overall use of RT in patients with breast cancer was quite low, but there was an increasing trend in those treated between 1999 and 2008.     

2例Cornelia de Lange综合征病例报告并NIPBL基因突变研究

目的：对2例生长发育迟缓伴有特殊面容及肢体发育异常的患儿进行基因检测,实现罕见病的精准诊断,为遗传咨询提供指导。方法：应用单基因检测及全外显子组高通量测序技术对临床疑似CdLS患儿进行致病基因突变筛查,并行一代测序验证以及患儿父母的验证。结果：本研究中的2例患儿均检测到国内外尚未报道的NIPBL基因突变,c.2252 dupA、p.Asn751Lysfs以及NM-015384.4：c.6179dupA,父母均无携带,为新生变异。结论：对于发育迟缓伴特殊面容及肢体异常的患儿要考虑到Cornelia de Lang综合征可能,采用基因检测手段实现精准诊断,为患者及家属遗传咨询提供依据。     

去甲斑蝥素和它的抗癌作用与机制

去甲斑蝥素是传统抗癌中药斑蝥的活性成分斑蝥素的去甲基衍生物,近年在中国已作为一种常规的抗癌药物在临床应用.显然,了解去甲斑蝥素的抗癌作用及其分子机制有益于其临床应用和推广.但有关这方面的讨论文章却很少.本文将重点介绍去甲斑蝥素的抗癌作用,如诱导凋亡、抑制增殖、阻止侵袭转移、抗血管生成和/或抗血管生成拟态以及它们的分子机制.     

HC-9884电解质分析仪影响因素分析及处理

电解质分析仪是医院常用的仪器之一,每年的相关文章也非常多,但对HC-9884电解质分析仪（中国深圳市航创医疗设备有限公司生产）影响因素的文章还未检索到。我科用此仪器已多年,对HC-9884电解质分析仪影响因素及消除影响因素的方法作以下分析,以供同行参考。     

The investigation for the relationship among serum leptin,erythrocyte membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy

Objective: To study the significance of Leptin and the activity of erythrocyte membrane Ca2+-ATPase (EMCA) in the development of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. Methods: Radioimmunoassay was used to test the level of serum Leptin,and the activity of EMCA was determined chemically in 38 pregnant women with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and 36 normotensive pregnant women. Results: The level of serum Leptin in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(gestational hypertension: 13.76 ± 3.46 ng/ml; preeclampsia:15.76 ± 5.47 ng/ml; eclampsia: 18.32 ± 6.38 ng/ml)was significantly higher than that in normotensive pregnant women (11.33 ± 2.93 ng/ml), respectively. The average EMCA activity of patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (gestational hypertension: 1.65 ± 0.24 μmol· pi/mg·h; preeclampsia: 1.37 ± 0.19 μmol·pi/mg·h; eclampsia:1.12 ± 0.14 μ mol·pi/mg·h) was significantly lower than that of normotensive pregnant women(1.83 ±0.38 μ mol·pi/mg·h),respectively. There was a negative correlation between the level of serum Leptin and the activity of RMCA in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (r = -0.63). Conclusion: Inhibition of EMCA activity of erythrocyte in hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy may increase cytoplasmic free calcium, which contributes to the development of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. The negative correlation between the level of serum Leptin and the activity of EMCA, also suggested that serum Leptin and the activity of EMCA may play a role in the development of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.     

冠心病介入术后氯吡格雷抵抗的代谢相关基因检测及临床对策研究

目的 探讨细胞色素P450(CYP)2C19基因单核苷酸多态性与冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后长期服用氯吡格雷临床预后的关系.方法 前瞻性入选2013年1月至2014年6月住院治疗并PCI的冠心病患者150例.均接受双联抗血小板治疗,于服药前和PCI术后检测血小板聚集率,根据检测结果分为氯吡格雷抵抗组(CR)和非氯吡格雷抵抗组(NCR).并测定CYP2C19基因单核苷酸多态类型.CR组经临床对策干预后与NCR组对比,观察两组患者术后1年心绞痛复发、出血等情况的发生.结果 约有24.67％的冠心病患者采用氯吡格雷治疗后血小板聚集率不能达标;通过关联分析,发现CYP2C19*2携带者血小板聚集率显著较高;综合分析发现CYP2C19 * 2、长期吸烟、血小板计数增高及糖尿病为血小板聚集率不能达标的独立危险因素;CR组经临床对策干预后与NCR组主要终点、次要终点及出血事件差异无统计学意义.结论 CYP2C19 *2、长期吸烟、血小板计数增高及糖尿病为血小板聚集率不能达标的独立危险因素.氯吡格雷抵抗患者,经临床对策干预强化抗血小板治疗可改善冠心病患者PCI术后血小板高反应性状态等,且不增加出血风险.