基于NLRP3/Caspase-1通路探讨薏苡仁多糖对溃疡性结肠炎体外炎症模型的干预作用及机制

目的：从炎症理论角度出发,探讨薏苡仁多糖（Coixan）对溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis,UC）体外炎症模型的干预作用及其机制。方法：体外培养NCM460细胞,采用不同剂量（0、2.5、5、10、20和40μg/mL）脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）诱导NCM460细胞,筛选出最佳诱导剂量（20μg/mL）;用不同浓度（0、5、10、20、40和80μg/mL）的Coixan诱导NCM460,筛选出最佳促增殖浓度（10、20、40μg/mL）。实验随机设为空白组、模型组（LPS诱导）、LPS+Coixan低、中、高剂量（10、20、40μmol/L）组,LPS+柳氮磺吡啶（sulfasalazine,SASP）(200μg/mL)组,除空白组外用LPS(20μg/mL)刺激48 h建立UC体外细胞炎症模型后,分别以薏苡仁多糖及SASP进行48 h干预治疗后,ELISA法检测细胞上清液中炎症因子白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平;免疫荧光...     

Association between night sleep latency and hypertension: A cross-sectional study

Sleep disorders have been shown to increase the risk of hypertension, while the relationship between night sleep latency and hypertension is less well-known. We aimed to investigate the association between night sleep latency and hypertension, as well as related sleep factors by gender in the Chinese population. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the relationship between night sleep latency and hypertension. The sample size included 619 consecutive hospitalized patients (M/F: 302/317, 64.01 ± 12.27 years). T test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA were performed to analyze baseline data and intergroup comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to find the interrelationships. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for covariables. The findings showed hypertension patients had longer night sleep latency (P < .001). After adjusting for confounding factors, night sleep latency was positively correlated with hypertension in both men and women (odds ratio: 1.065, 95% confidence interval: 1.044–1.087). Spearman correlation analysis suggested that night sleep latency was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.186, P < .001), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.136, P < .001), sleep initiation time (r = 0.091, P = .023), and global Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index score (r = 0.371, P < .001), was negatively correlated with sleep duration (r = −0.186, P < .001), sleep time on weekdays (r = −0.183, P < .001), and sleep time on weekends (r = −0.179, P < .001). Longer night sleep latency was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in men and women, which might involve the pathological progression of hypertension along with other sleep factors.     

Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Alters Gut Microbiota in Ovariectomized Osteoporotic Rats

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) on gut microbiota (GM) in ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporotic rats.MethodsThirty female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham‐operation (SHAM) group, OVX group and PTH treatment group. After 3 months of treatment, the femurs, serum and feces were acquired for micro‐CT, biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing, respectively. For 16S rRNA sequencing, after raw reads filtrated and chimera sequences removed, the clean reads were obtained. According to these clean reads, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were clustered. Venn diagram analysis was conducted to explore common and unique GM among the three groups. The α‐diversity analysis including Shannon and Simpson indexes were used to evaluate the richness and diversity of the GM. The β‐diversity analysis was performed to estimate the structure of GM. The metabolic function was predicted by Tax4Fun analysis.ResultsWith micro‐CT and biochemical analysis, significant improvements were found in the PTH group compared with the OVX group. In Venn diagram analysis, more unique OTUs were found in the SHAM and PTH groups than the OVX group. According to the rank abundance curve, the SHAM and PTH groups had similar richness and evenness, which were higher than the OVX group. Simpson and Shannon indexes were higher in the SHAM and PTH groups compared with the OVX group, indicating that the SHAM and PTH groups had higher microbiota complexity than the OVX group. In β‐diversity analysis, apparent separation was found in the OVX group from the PTH and SHAM groups, which suggested that osteoporosis is the critical factor influencing the GM composition and PTH treatment and can restore the structure of GM. Compared with the OVX group, treatment with PTH increased the abundances of GM which were reported to increase bone mass, such as Lactobacillus_reuteri, Muribaculaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Clostridia, and inhibited the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae, which was reported to be potentially related to osteoporosis. GM function analysis showed that PTH could promote butyrate synthesis. In Tax4Fun analysis, the function of butanoate metabolism is more vital in the PTH group than the OVX and SHAM groups, suggesting PTH treatment could regulate microbial metabolic function, including butanoate metabolism.ConclusionIntermittent PTH can interact with GM through increasing the abundance of probiotics and reducing the abundance of the pathogenic bacteria to enhance the bone mass.     

不同压力呼气末正压对单肺通气时肺内分流及氧合的影响

目的观察单肺通气(OLV)期间通气侧肺实施不同大小的呼气末正压通气(PEEP)对肺内分流及氧合的影响。方法45例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期在全麻下行肺叶切除手术病人,随机分为3组,每组15例。A组为不采用PEEP的OLV对照组;B组为OLV PEEP(5cmH2O)组;C组为OLV PEEP(8cmH2O)组。各组病例于OLV前、OLV后30min、OVL结束、恢复双肺通气后30min进行动脉血气分析,根据公式计算肺内分流率(QS/QT)。结果OVL30min及OVL结束时,B、C两组的PaO2较A组高,QS/QT较A组低(P<0.05);B、C两组各时点参数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论OVL期间通气侧肺实施5cmH2O及8cmH2O的PEEP可明显提高PaO2,减少肺内分流;5cmH2O的PEEP有利于手术操作,临床实用价值更高。     

Binding and Anticancer Properties of Plumbagin with Human Serum Albumin

Plumbagin has received extensive attention as a promising anticancer drug. Therefore, we investigated the binding and anticancer properties of plumbagin with human serum albumin. Fluorescence results demonstrated that plumbagin interacts with human serum albumin, although its binding affinity may be affected to various extents by different compounds. The human serum albumin–plumbagin complex structure revealed that plumbagin binds to the hydrophobic cavity in the IIA subdomain of human serum albumin through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The plumbagin–human serum albumin complex enhances cytotoxicity by 2‐ to 3‐fold particularly in cancer cells but has no effect on normal cells in vitro. Compared with the unbound drug, the human serum albumin–plumbagin complex promotes HeLa cell apoptosis and has a stronger capacity for cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of HeLa cells. In conclusion, this study contributes to the rational design and development of plumbagin‐based drugs and a drug–human serum albumin delivery system.     

普拉洛芬滴眼液在LASEK术中的应用

目的：观察普拉洛芬在LASEK术中应用的效果。

方法：选取2011-05/08来我院行LASEK手术患者56例112眼。随机分为实验组(使用普拉洛芬)和对照组。对两组患者术后的刺激症状进行1wk对比研究。

结果：两组在控制术后刺激症状方面有明显差异。实验组未见特殊的不良反应及并发症。

结论：普拉洛芬眼液是控制LASEK术后刺激症状的安全有效的药物。     

荆芥挥发油及其主要成分抗流感病毒作用研究

目的:观察荆芥挥发油及其主要成分薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内及小鼠体内的抗流感病毒作用。方法:分别以预防(鸡胚感染病毒前1h给药)和治疗(鸡胚染毒后1h给药)两种给药方式,经鸡胚尿囊腔和卵黄囊两种给药途径将不同浓度的药物注入鸡胚,孵育48h后收取鸡胚尿囊液进行血凝试验来评价药物在鸡胚内的抗病毒效应。分别以预防(小鼠感染病毒前5d开始给药,连续5d)和治疗(小鼠感染病毒后当天开始给药,连续5d)方式给药,计算肺指数来评价药物的体内抗病毒效应。结果:胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔预防给药后鸡胚尿囊液的血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.05×2-15ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12、0.025×2-12ml/胚剂量与胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊预防给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12ml/胚、薄荷酮0.05×2-6ml/胚剂量及胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低。荆芥挥发油0.226ml/kg、薄荷酮0.5ml/kg、胡薄荷酮0.19 ml/kg剂量治疗方式给药明显降低病毒感染小鼠的肺指数。结论:荆芥挥发油及其主要成分胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内具有较好的抗流感病毒作用,且以卵黄囊途径给药效果为优,薄荷酮的抗病毒效应不明显。荆芥挥发油、薄荷酮及胡薄荷酮治疗方式给药对流感病毒感染小鼠有良好保护作用,但预防给药效果不明显。     

腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术对肾细胞癌患者肾功能和预后的影响

目的：分析肾细胞癌患者接受腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术治疗对其肾功能及预后的影响。方法：收集2017年1月至2022年3月重庆医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科接诊的肾细胞癌患者182例作为研究对象,采取随机法将患者进行分组,一组应用腹腔镜根治性肾切除术进行治疗,共91例为对照组,另一组应用腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术进行治疗,共91例为研究组,对比两组患者术后肾功能及预后效果差异性。结果：研究组患者术后住院时间（P=0.011）优于对照组,对照组患者手术期间出血量（P<0.001）及手术时间（P=0.019）优于研究组,差异均有统计学意义;研究组患者手术后24 h血清肌酐水平（P=0.013）低于对照组,差异有统计学意义;研究组患者术后认知功能（P=0.018）、躯体功能（P=0.021）、社会功能（P=0.025）、情绪功能（P=0.032）及总体生活质量（P=0.033）等各维度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论：临床中为肾细胞癌患者提供腹腔镜保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术进行治疗可以缓解对患者肾功能造成的影响,提升患者手术治疗后的生活质量水平。