家兔肝脏中锌-金硫蛋白提取工艺的研究

目的 研究硫酸锌诱导的家兔肝脏锌-金属硫蛋白(Zn-MT)的提取工艺。方法 选用正交试验法对硫酸锌诱导的兔肝锌-金属硫蛋白的提取工艺进行优选，以原子吸收法测得锌提取量和紫外分光光度法测得巯基活性及杂蛋白浓度为评价指标，选用L9(3^4)正交表进行正交实验。考察影响提取锌-金属硫蛋白的4个因素分别为：pH8．6的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液和乙醇-氯仿(1．03：0．08)溶液作为提取剂的用量、80℃水浴变性时间、超声强度及时问。并且对提取液用Sephadex G-50凝胶柱色谱法分离纯化了Zn-MT，考察提取工艺对其分离纯化效果的影响。结果 最佳方案为：每克兔肝用3mL缓冲溶液和2mL乙醇-氯仿溶液。80℃水浴变性6min，中等超声强度提取20min。凝胶柱色谱法纯化得到Zn-MT粗品产率约为2．5mg／g肝，而提取工艺中杂蛋白溶出量可影响Zn-MT的分离纯化效果。结论 为常规实验室制备Zn-MT提供了简便可靠的方法。     

鼻内镜术后不同疗效患者鼻粘膜T细胞亚群观察

目的对比观察慢性鼻窦炎鼻内镜术后不同疗效惠者鼻粘膜免疫功能的差异。方法对48例慢性鼻窦炎患者行鼻内镜术6～12个月后的鼻粘膜进行CD4^＋和CD8^＋的免疫组织化学染色观察。结果术后不同疗效组之间CD4^＋、CD8^＋细胞数和CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01），CD4^＋／CD8^＋均倒置；疗效越好，CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值越高。结论慢性鼻窦炎患者鼻内镜术后6～12个月鼻粘膜中T细胞亚群分布仍不正常，但呈逐渐恢复趋势，鼻内镜术后鼻粘膜免疫防御功能的恢复可能是影响术后疗效的重要因素。     

基于实际培训需求构建中专学历护士岗上培训体系的研究

目的 基于培训需求的充分调研建构低年资中专学历护士中专学历系统型岗上培训体系,为提高低年资中专学历护士岗上培训质量提供新的路径参考.方法 采用便利法、分层法、随机数字法抽取四川省南充、自贡、遂宁、广安四个地级市104家2008名低年资中专学历护士以及172名护理/人力资源管理人员,采用问卷调研法/访谈法调对低年资护士岗上培训需求进行调研和分析,并据此建构低年资中专学历护士系统型岗上培训体系.结果 经数据分析和资料分析,确定低年资中专学历护士对培训内容、方法、师资、时间以及管理五个维度的21项具有需求,医院方具有理念性、目标性、了解性、组织性、能力性、机制性6项需求.由此建构出包含战略、支持、实施三大系统以及细分的9个子系统组成的低年资护士系统型岗上培训体系.结论 系统型培训是极有成效的岗上培训模式,基于医疗机构整体发展与护士岗上培训一体化理念建构系统型培训体系是当前系统型培训模式的发展趋势,更是这一培训模式真正发挥作用的重要保证.     

武汉地区胰岛素依赖型糖尿病病人补体型的初步检测

对武汉地区22个胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)病人家系成员的补体C2、Bf、C4A 与C4B的遗传多态性进行了检测,并统计分析了这4个成分组成的补体型分布及其频率。在病人44条染色体上共检出12种补体型,其中以SC31(0.386)与SC21(0.182)两种频率最高,与正常人频率分布接近。除3种补体型S(07)C01、S(07)C0(92)和FC20(各1例)仅见于病人外,其余7种IDDM与正常人比较也无显著差异,补体型SC32和SC22在正常人的频率分别为0.058和0.047,而在病人中未检出。此外还有 17种罕见补体型也未见于 IDDM病人中。     

低温环境下羊肢体枪伤骨折早期三种固定方法的疗效对比

目的对比观察低温环境下羊肢体枪伤骨折后,采用三种不同固定方法的疗效。方法新疆绵羊15只,置于野外-25℃低温环境3h后,以77式手枪枪击一侧小腿,致胫骨中段骨折,伤后6h清创,骨折分别采用石膏外固定、外固定器固定和钢板内固定,然后连续观察伤口、骨折愈合和伤肢膝关节活动情况。结果钢板内固定组伤口愈合好,无感染;石膏及外固定器固定组,部分伤口及外固定针道有分泌物,培养有细菌生长。X线片见钢板内固定组骨折对线对位及愈合最好,外固定器组次之,石膏固定组最差。病理观察三个组均无骨髓炎,相比之下钢板内固定组骨生长及骨重建最快,石膏组最慢。骨折固定方法对肢体关节活动度及肌萎缩的影响,石膏组最大,钢板内固定组最小。结论低温环境下肢体枪伤骨折早期钢板内固定并一期闭合伤口,不仅不会增加伤道感染,相反还可以防止感染的发生,有利于伤口及骨折的愈合。     

外周血细胞免疫功能在胃癌患者手术前后的改变及临床意义

目的 评价胃癌患者外周血细胞免疫功能的动态变化及临床意义。方法 采用单克隆抗体方法及MTT法检测56例胃癌患者手术前后T淋巴细胞（Tlymphocyte,TC)亚群及自然杀伤（natural killer,NK)细胞活性,并与38例正常对照进行了比较。结果 术前患者CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值、NK细胞活性显著降低（P＜0．01）,CD8^＋细胞增高（P＜0．01）;术后20天,患者细胞免疫功能逐渐恢复,与术前比较有显著性意义（P＜0．05）。Bormann Ⅰ、Ⅱ型与Ⅲ、Ⅳ型比较,淋巴结未转移与淋巴结转移者比较,术后外周血NK细胞活性、CD3^＋、CD4^ 、CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论 胃癌患者细胞免疫功能与肿瘤的消长有密切关系,TC亚群和NK细胞活性可作为疗效和判定预后的一个重要监测指标。     

快速分析和鉴定肿瘤抗原研究

γδT细胞是近10多年来人们新认识的一种T细胞亚群,尽管其在抗原识别及其对多数肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用中所独有的特性而受到越来越多学者的关注,但目前尚未发现可用于肿瘤免疫治疗靶点的γδT细胞所识别的肿瘤抗原。如何发现和快速分     

Microstructural Evolution and an Improved Dynamic Recrystallization Kinetic Model of a Ni-Cr-Mo Alloy in Hot Deformation

Microstructural evolution and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors of a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy were researched utilizing hot compressive experiments. The changed features of dislocation, subgrain and grain structure correlating to forming parameters were examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Results illustrate that the consumption of dislocation and the coarsening of substructure/DRX grain are prominently enhanced with an increased forming temperature. However, the annihilation/interaction of dislocation and the expansion of subgrain/DRX grain boundary can be limited at a larger strain rate. Meanwhile, considering the discrepancy in DRX variation rates concerning the strain rate’s ranges, an improved DRX kinetic model was developed. Compared to the classical DRX kinetic model, the good consistency between the forecasted and tested results demonstrates that the established improved DRX kinetic model can precisely characterize the DRX features of the Ni-Cr-Mo alloy over a wide strain rate range. Additionally, the EBSD’s quantitative statistical results proved that the variation of DRX grain size can be supremely defined as the power formulation of the forming temperature and strain rate.     

Circ_SAR1A regulates the malignant behavior of lung cancer cells via the miR‐21‐5p/TXNIP axis

BackgroundLung cancer is one of the most common malignancies globally and a significant component of cancer‐related deaths. The lack of early diagnosis accounts for detecting approximately 75% of cancer patients at an intermediate to an advanced stage, with a low 5‐year survival rate. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer development is necessary to find reliable and effective therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers.Methodscirc_SAR1A, miR‐21‐5p, and TXNIP in lung cancer tissues, animal xenografts, and cell lines were validated by qRT‐PCR and western blotting analyses. RNase R digestion and nuclear/cytoplasm fractionation experiments were utilized to determine the stability and localization of circ_SAR1A in lung cancer cells. The binding between miR‐21‐5p and circ_SAR1A or TXNIP was confirmed by luciferase reporter, RNA pull‐down, Spearman''s correlation, and rescue assays. CCK‐8, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, and western blotting were utilized to illustrate the malignant behavior of lung cancer cells.Resultscirc_SAR1A and TXNIP were down‐regulated while miR‐21‐5p was up‐regulated in lung cancer samples and cells. circ_SAR1A was located predominantly in the cytoplasm; it inhibited lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo by sponging to miR‐21‐5p. miR‐21‐5p silencing suppressed lung cancer malignancy by targeting TXNIP.Conclusionscirc_SAR1A is a critical negative regulator of lung carcinogenesis. circ_SAR1A/miR‐21‐5p/TXNIP attenuation inhibited lung cancer progression, presenting an ideal diagnostic and a potential therapeutic target.     

Effect of L-Glutamine on Chylomicron Formation and Fat-Induced Activation of Intestinal Mucosal Mast Cells in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Glutamine (Gln) is required for intestinal mucosal homeostasis, and it can promote triglyceride absorption. The intestinal mucosal mast cells (MMCs) are activated during fat absorption. This study investigated the potential role of Gln on fat absorption-induced activation of MMCs in rats. Lymph fistula rats (n = 24) were studied after an overnight recovery with the infusion of saline only, saline plus 85 mM L-glutamine (L-Gln) or 85 mM D-glutamine (D-Gln), respectively. On the test day, rats (n = 8/group) were given an intraduodenal bolus of 20% Intralipid contained either saline only (vehicle group), 85 mM L-Gln (L-Gln group), or 85 mM D-Gln (D-Gln group). Lymph was collected hourly for up to 6 h for analyses. The results showed that intestinal lymph from rats given L-Gln had increased levels of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and A-I (ApoA-I), concomitant with an increased spectrum of smaller chylomicron particles. Unexpectedly, L-Gln also increased levels of rat mucosal mast cell protease II (RMCPII), as well as histamine and prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂) in response to dietary lipid. However, these effects were not observed in rats treated with 85 mM of the stereoisomer D-Gln. Our results showed that L-glutamine could specifically activate MMCs to degranulate and release MMC mediators to the lymph during fat absorption. This observation is potentially important clinically since L-glutamine is often used to promote gut health and repair leaky gut.