强迫症患者人格与其父母人格的特征及相关性

目的:调查强迫症患者及其父母的人格特征,并探讨两者的相关性。方法:对30名符合CC-MD-3强迫症及ICD-10强迫性障碍诊断标准的强迫症患者及30对强迫症患者父母使用艾森克人格问卷(Ey-senck Personality Questionnaire,EPQ)进行评定,并与30名正常对照及30对正常对照的父母进行比较,对结果进行相关分析。结果:(1)强迫症组神经质(N)分[(14.97±5.52)vs.(8.77±4.69)]以及精神质(P)分[(6.70±2.61)vs.(4.83±2.30)]高于正常对照组(Ps0.01),内-外向(E)分低于正常对照组[(11.23±4.87)vs.(14.20±3.55),P0.01]。(2)强迫症患者父母的N分高于对照父母组[(12.23±4.43)vs.(8.81±4.00),P0.01],E分低于对照父母组[(10.58±4.06)vs.(12.71±3.50),P0.01]。(3)强迫症患者父亲N分高于正常对照父亲[(12.77±4.73)vs.(7.50±3.45),P0.01],E分低于正常对照父亲[(10.67±3.48)vs.(12.60±3.61),P0.05]。(4)强迫症患者母亲E分低于正常对照母亲[(10.50±4.63)vs.(12.83±3.44),P0.05],P分高于正常对照母亲[(5.23±2.08)vs.(3.73±2.21),P0.01]。(5)相关分析显示,强迫症患者E分与强迫症患者母亲E分呈正相关(r=0.37,P0.05),与强迫症患者母亲P分呈负相关(r=-0.37,P0.05)。强迫症患者N分与强迫症患者母亲P分(r=0.39,P0.05)及强迫症患者父亲N分(r=0.53,P0.01)呈正相关。结论:强迫症患者父母具有某些特质性人格特征,并且与强迫症患者的人格特征相关。     

Development of an Autism Subtyping Questionnaire Based on Social Behaviors

Autism spectrum disorder can be differentiated into three subtypes (aloof, passive, and active-but-odd) based on social behaviors according to the Wing Subgroups Questionnaire (WSQ). However, the correlations between the scores on some individual items and the total score are poor. In the present study, we translated the WSQ into Chinese, modified it, validated it in autistic and typically-developing Chinese children, and renamed it the Beijing Autism Subtyping Questionnaire (BASQ). Our results demonstrated that the BASQ had improved validity and reliability, and differentiated autistic children into these three subtypes more precisely. We noted that the autistic symptoms tended to be severe in the aloof, moderate in the passive, and mild in the active-but-odd subtypes. The modified questionnaire may facilitate etiological studies and the selection of therapeutic regimes.     

透明质酸钠在阻塞性输卵管介入再通术中的应用

目的研究透明质酸钠防治输卵管粘连阻塞的临床疗效。方法358例输卵管阻塞患者分对照组(245例)和研究组(113例)。对照组经导管、导丝将阻塞输卵管开通后,注入松解液:庆大霉素、α-糜蛋白酶、地塞米松、利多卡因做消炎灌注治疗。研究组在对照组治疗基础上,再注入医用透明质酸钠预防复发粘连。随访术后3个月的通水通畅率,观察两组病例在术后复发再阻塞的情况,患者半年内受孕率。结果研究组113例经子宫输卵管碘水造影,10条输卵管因手术缺如,阻塞216条,介入复通210条,再通率为97.2%(210/216);术后随访3个月通水达到无阻力108例,占95.6%(108/113)、发生再粘连5例,占4.4%(5/113)。对照组245例中输卵管堵塞441条,单侧切除后输卵管缺如49条,复通428条,复通率为97.1%(428/441);术后随访3个月,通水达无阻力214例,占87.3%(214/245)、发生再粘连31例,占12.7%(31/245)。两组术后再粘连比较差异有统计学意义。术后6个月内研究组有39例、对照组有56例患者妊娠,妊娠率分别为34.5%(39/113)和22.8%(56/245),两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论输卵管再通术后使用透明质酸钠能有效防止输卵管再粘连阻塞的发生。     

Electro-acupuncture improves behavior and upregulates GDNF mRNA in MFB transected rats

Low and high frequency electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulation was used in rats that had been lesioned by medial forebrain bundle transection. Behavioral tests showed that both low and high frequency EA stimulation significantly reduced the amphetamine-induced rotation 2 weeks after the lesion but only high frequency EA improved the rotational behavior at 4 weeks. Analysis of the dopamine content in the striatum did not show any significant change after EA. In situ hybridization showed that high frequency EA stimulation up-regulated the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA in both sides of the globus pallidus, while low frequency EA only affected the unlesioned side. It suggests that the retrograde nourishment of GDNF to the dopaminergic neurons and the balanced activity of different nuclei in the basal ganglia circuit after EA may contribute to the behavioral improvement in these rats, which might be the factors that underlie the effectiveness of EA in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.     

Relations between brain network activation and analgesic effect induced by low vs. high frequency electrical acupoint stimulation in different subjects: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Two- or 100-Hz electrical acupoint stimulation (EAS) can induce analgesia via distinct central mechanisms. It has long been known that the extent of EAS analgesia showed tremendous difference among subjects. Functional MRI (fMRI) studies were performed to allocate the possible mechanisms underlying the frequency specificity as well as individual variability of EAS analgesia. In either frequencies, the averaged fMRI activation levels of bilateral secondary somatosensory area and insula, contralateral anterior cingulate cortex and thalamus were positively correlated with the EAS-induced analgesic effect across the subjects. In 2-Hz EAS group, positive correlations were observed in contralateral primary motor area, supplementary motor area, and ipsilateral superior temporal gyrus, while negative correlations were found in bilateral hippocampus. In 100-Hz EAS group, positive correlations were observed in contralateral inferior parietal lobule, ipsilateral anterior cingulate cortex, nucleus accumbens, and pons, while negative correlation was detected in contralateral amygdala. These results suggest that functional activities of certain brain areas might be correlated with the effect of EAS-induced analgesia, in a frequency-dependent dynamic. EAS-induced analgesia with low and high frequencies seems to be mediated by different, though overlapped, brain networks. The differential activations/de-activations in brain networks across subjects may provide a neurobiological explanation for the mechanisms of the induction and the individual variability of analgesic effect induced by EAS, or that of manual acupuncture as well.     

Brain opioid-receptors are involved in mediating peripheral electric stimulation-induced inhibition of morphine conditioned place preference in rats

Conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm has been suggested as one of the animal models for drug craving. The present study was performed to examine the effect of 100 Hz peripheral electric stimulation (PES) on the expression of morphine-induced CPP. Rats were trained with morphine for 4 days to establish the CPP paradigm in a three-chamber "unbiased" apparatus. Morphine-induced CPP was maintained up to 4 weeks when tests were given once a week. PES of 100 Hz administered 30 min a day for 3 days significantly attenuated morphine-induced CPP (P<0.01). I.c.v. injection of the delta-opioid receptor antagonist naltrindole (NTI) or the kappa-antagonist norbinaltorphimine (nor-BNI) but not the mu-antagonist cyclic D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH(2) (CTAP), completely blocked the inhibitory effect of 100 Hz PES on the expression of morphine-induced CPP (P<0.05-0.01). These results indicate that the anti-craving effects induced by repeated PES of 100 Hz is mediated by the activation of supra-segmental delta- and kappa-opioid receptors in the central nervous system.     

药物开发的新领域--芋螺毒素

生物毒素是很有价值的药物或药物导向化合物，芋螺毒素是生物毒素中迅速发展的新领域。由于芋螺毒素的高丰度、化学多样性、强专一性作用等突出特点成为创新药物发展的宝库，芋螺毒素可以区分、识别许多离子通道与神经受体的不同亚型或异型结构体，广泛地应用于生命科学研究，芋螺毒素作为镇疼药物、抗癫痫药物已进入临床研究。     

Two novel O-superfamily conotoxins from Conus vexillum.

O-superfamily conotoxins include several families that have diverse pharmacological activity on Na+, K+ or Ca2+ channels. These superfamily toxins have been mainly found in fish-hunting and mollusk-hunting Conus species. Here, we reported two novel O-superfamily conotoxins, vx6a and vx6b, purified from a worm-hunting cone snail, Conus vexillum. Though their cysteine framework and signal peptides share high similarity with those of other members of O-superfamily, the mature vx6a and vx6b both have a low sequence homology with others. To test the biological function of vx6a, the toxin was chemically synthesized and then tested on the locust dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neuron system which containing various ion channels. Although no any activity on ion channels was found on the DUM neuron system, vx6a could clearly elicit a series of symptoms in mouse via intracranial injection, such as quivering, climbing, scratching, barrel rolling and paralysis of limbs at different dose.     

Compressive brainstem deformation resulting from subdural hygroma after neurosurgery: a case report

Acute and chronic subdural hygromas are common postoperative clinical complications of ventricularshunting, arachnoid cyst marsupialization and arachnoid cyst resection.^1 This article introduces a case of subdural hygroma after resection of a space-occupying lesion in the left lateral ventricle that resulted in compressive brainstem deformation and reviewed the recent related literature. The conclusion is that in related surgical procedures, prevention of rapid cerebrospinal fluid loss and excessive fluctuations in intracranial pressure are especially important.     

焦虑症患者的社会功能障碍与主观支持及病情程度的关系

目的探讨焦虑症的社会功能状况及其相关因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生活事件量表(LES)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS),对门诊符合入组标准的患者进行访谈及测评,资料齐全者47例,其中男27例(58%),女20例(42%),病程为2～20年。结果社会功能良好者占23%(11/47),尚好者占28%(13/47),差者占49%(23/47)。多元回归分析显示,精神症状多而重者社会功能缺陷严重。主观支持与社会功能呈负相关(r=0.5862),抑郁,焦虑,精神病性与社会功能呈正相关(r=0.5051,0.4789,0.4894)。结论焦虑症患者存有社会功能障碍,且与主观支持、精神病性及病情的严重程度有关。