乳腺三角瓣交叉支撑法矫治乳头内陷

目的介绍一种矫治乳头内陷的新方法。方法采用乳头基底部乳腺组织三角瓣,交叉缝合支撑乳头基底,防止乳头内陷,保持乳头外凸形态。结果应用本方法矫治乳头内陷13例24侧,效果满意。随访2~8个月,乳头功能正常,外形、高度均理想,无回缩。结论本方法简单安全,效果持久,均能获得满意的效果。     

Enhanced expression of adenovirus-mediated sodium iodide symporter gene in MCF-7 breast cancer cells with retinoic acid treatment.

Increased expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is required for effective radioiodine treatment and reporter gene imaging of breast cancer. We investigated the effect of retinoic acid on adenovirus-mediated expression of the human NIS gene in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. METHODS: The MCF-7 cell line was infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying the human NIS gene (Rad-NIS). Levels of NIS messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression and radioiodine ((125)I) uptake were measured to evaluate adenovirus-mediated NIS gene expression in wild-type and Rad-NIS-infected MCF-7 cells after treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA; 10(-8)-10(-6) mol/L). RESULTS: The transduction efficiency of adenovirus in MCF-7 cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50 was >60%. After incubation with 10(-6) mol/L ATRA, the mRNA level in Rad-NIS-infected MCF-7 cells increased to 118.5 times that of wild-type MCF-7 cells, whereas the mRNA level in wild-type MCF-7 cells showed only a 2.1-fold increase. Western blot, immunocytochemical staining, and flow cytometry analyses showed that NIS protein expression in MCF-7 cells infected with Rad-NIS increased after ATRA treatment. With ATRA treatment, the amount of (125)I uptake increased in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.001). The (125)I uptake in wild-type MCF-7 cells increased 3.1-, 5.5-, and 7.6-fold with treatment with 10(-8), 10(-7), and 10(-6) mol/L ATRA, respectively. Rad-NIS-infected cells showed a 4.0-fold increase in (125)I uptake. Treatment of Rad-NIS-infected cells with 10(-8), 10(-7), and 10(-6) mol/L ATRA increased (125)I uptake by 4.9-, 8.2-, and 27.6-fold, respectively, compared with wild-type MCF-7 cells. The level of NIS expression in Rad-NIS-infected MCF-7 cells treated with 10(-6) mol/L ATRA (245.0 +/- 13.7 pmol/10(6) cells) was much greater than the sum of the expression levels seen in ATRA-treated wild-type cells and Rad-NIS-infected wild-type cells. CONCLUSION: Retinoic acid increases adenovirus-mediated NIS expression in MCF-7 cells. Our results indicate that improved efficiency of NIS gene therapy or reporter imaging in breast cancer may be possible with retinoic acid treatment.     

Antibody-Induced Failure of Botulinum Toxin Type A Therapy in a Patient with Masseteric Hypertrophy

BACKGROUND With the expanding use of botulinum toxin, much concern about the antibody against botulinum toxin is arising. Unlike neurologic indications such as cervical dystonia, antibody-induced failure of botulinum toxin therapy has never been reported in the cosmetic field.
OBJECTIVE The objective was to describe a case of an antibody-induced failure of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) therapy (BOTOX, Allergan, Inc.) that occurred in a patient with masseteric hypertrophy.
METHODS AND MATERIALS We present a 20-year-old girl who developed antibody-induced therapy failure after the fourth injection series. Sixty units of toxin was injected at each series and the intertreatment interval was four to five months.
RESULTS Frontalis test revealed no paresis of muscle after a unilateral injection of BTX-A. Circulating antibodies against BTX-A were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mouse protection assay.
CONCLUSION This case is unique in that, first, immunoresistance developed in a patient of cosmetic indication where only a small dose of BTX-A was administered and, second, antibodies developed on the so-called new formulation of BOTOX. Our case alerts cosmetic surgeons to the importance of antibody against the botulinum toxin.     

我国临床科研中存在的问题与思考

推动我国临床医学发展的成就1998年,王秀峰教授[1]总结了我国建国50年来取得的14大医学科技成果。这些成果具有原创性,影响深远且广泛,得到国际公认;同时解决了某些较急迫问题,或形成了一门新的医学学科,推动了我国乃至世界医学进步。巴德年院士[2]将下列研     

药物不良反应事件民事赔偿问题研究

在药物不良反应事件中，药品存在设计缺陷、制造缺陷或警示缺陷的，药品的生产者应当承担赔偿责任。医疗机构无视药物不良反应的警示说明导致不良反应发生的，应当承担医疗差错的赔偿责任。国家疏于药物监管导致不良反应发。生的，从法学理论上讲，也应当承担赔偿责任。     

彩色多普勒超声在介入穿刺性血管损伤诊断中的价值

目的用彩色多普勒超声观察穿刺性血管损伤的声像图特征。方法26例周围血管穿刺后出现局部肿块、血管杂音,用彩色多普勒超声显示肿块的形态、回声、与周围血管的关系,观察肿块内、破口处、肢体动脉和静脉内的血流信号。结果3例单纯性血肿,彩色血流成像肿块内无血流信号;19例假性动脉瘤,肿块内有低速的动脉血流信号,动脉与肿块的破口处有五彩镶嵌的彩色血流信号和收缩期高速湍流血流频谱;4例动静脉瘘,在瘘口处可见有一股五彩镶嵌的彩色血流信号和连续性高速分流频谱。结论彩色多普勒超声能为穿刺性血管损伤提供准确的诊断。     

MR血管成像在诊断下肢深静脉血栓形成中的价值并与DSA对照研究

目的探讨下肢深静脉血栓形成MR血管成像（MRA）的临床价值。方法对30例怀疑下肢深静脉血栓形成的患者进行了MRA和DSA检查，MRA采用二维时间飞越法（2DTOF）。对MRA与DSA表现进行对照分析。结果下肢深静脉血栓形成的MRA表现有1静脉充盈缺损（14例）、静脉闭塞和中断（8例）、静脉再通（3例）、侧支循环形成（25例）。以DSA为标准，MRA诊断出所有病变，但有1例假阳性。结论MRA作为无创性检查，是诊断下肢深静脉血栓有效的检查方法之一。     

丘脑底核电刺激治疗帕金森病术后程控问题分析

目的 总结丘脑底核电刺激治疗帕金森病术后程控经验，提高术后程控水平，改善疗效。方法 对32例丘脑底核电刺激术后的帕金森病患者进行程控，其中单侧植入者6例，双侧26例；年龄40～73岁，在不同刺激器植入中心接受手术，程控时间术后3周至4年之间。程控前均停药10h以上，程控参数调整主要为刺激电极触点、电压、频率、脉宽四项，程控过程中密切观察病员肌张力和震颤等症状改变以及副反应发生情况，作好详细记录，并分别评估患者程控前后药物“关期”和“开期”症状改善情况，部分行UPDRS评分。结果 31例（97％）患者术后症状得到不同程度改善。刺激电极触点选择中，共29例患者采用单极模式，3例因出现持续、无法耐受的副反应采用双极模式。除1位患者使用循环模式外，其他患者均使用持续刺激模式。刺激电压2．0-4．0V，主要集中于2．8～3-3V，是主要的程控调整参数，电压的高低与病人UPDRS运动评分不具有相关性（P〉0．05）。刺激脉宽60～120μs，刺激频率130～185Hz。药物“关”期，患者UPDRS运动评分，在刺激器打开时，平均18．7分；刺激器关闭时平均47．9分。在刺激器打开情况下，药物“开”期患者症状仍然有进一步缓解．主要表现为步态、全身协调动作方面。合并异动患者6例中，3例适当降低刺激电量，1例提高电压后，异动缓解。结论 丘脑底核电刺激术是有效的帕金森病症状控制手段。准确植入刺激电极是术后获得良好症状控制的前提条件，而术后程控是脑深部刺激器置入术后的关键环节．精确的参数调整能够满意控制病人症状。