全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4285篇 |
免费 | 276篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 12篇 |
儿科学 | 174篇 |
妇产科学 | 97篇 |
基础医学 | 537篇 |
口腔科学 | 41篇 |
临床医学 | 629篇 |
内科学 | 833篇 |
皮肤病学 | 62篇 |
神经病学 | 332篇 |
特种医学 | 108篇 |
外科学 | 414篇 |
综合类 | 38篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 544篇 |
眼科学 | 86篇 |
药学 | 259篇 |
中国医学 | 5篇 |
肿瘤学 | 395篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 50篇 |
2021年 | 82篇 |
2020年 | 74篇 |
2019年 | 86篇 |
2018年 | 104篇 |
2017年 | 84篇 |
2016年 | 77篇 |
2015年 | 109篇 |
2014年 | 126篇 |
2013年 | 194篇 |
2012年 | 305篇 |
2011年 | 357篇 |
2010年 | 184篇 |
2009年 | 146篇 |
2008年 | 252篇 |
2007年 | 300篇 |
2006年 | 247篇 |
2005年 | 260篇 |
2004年 | 234篇 |
2003年 | 242篇 |
2002年 | 204篇 |
2001年 | 61篇 |
2000年 | 78篇 |
1999年 | 59篇 |
1998年 | 56篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 32篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 30篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 19篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
1970年 | 9篇 |
1969年 | 11篇 |
1966年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有4568条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Francesc Vallribera Valls Borja Villanueva FigueredoLuis Miguel Jiménez Gómez Eloi Espín BassanyJosé Luis Sánchez Martinez Marc Martí GallostraManuel Armengol Carrasco 《Cirugía espa?ola》2014
Introduction
The objective of this study is to assess whether the results of loop ileostomy closure in terms of morbidity and hospital stay are influenced by the type of anastomosis and suture used.Method
All patients who underwent loop ileostomy closure were reviewed. A retrospective cohort study comparing morbidity and hospital stay according to the type of anastomosis (TT/LL) and the type of suture (hand sewn/mechanical) was performed.Results
From January 2003 to November 2011 a total of 167 loop ileostomy closures were analized. The groups were: type of anastomosis (TT 95/LL 72) and type of suture (manual 105/stapled 62). In 76% of the observed population the underlying disease was cancer. Mortality occurred in one case. The stratified morbidity analysis by type of complications showed no significant differences between the groups in terms of local (7.4% TT, LL 8.3%, 6.7% hand sewn, stapled 9.7%), general (TT 9.5%, 16.7% LL, hand sewn 6.7%, 6.5% stapled) and surgical (TT 15.8%, 19.4% LL, hand sewn 17.1%, 17.7% stapled) complications, nor in the rate of reoperations (TT 6.3%, 6.9% LL, hand sewn 6.7%, 6.5% stapled) and hospital stay in days (TT 7.8, 8 LL, hand sewn 8.6, stapled 6.7)Conclusions
Closure of loop ileostomy can be performed regardless of the type of suture or anastomosis used, with the same rate of morbidity and hospital stay. 相似文献102.
Preferences and utilities for health states after treatment for oropharyngeal cancer: Transoral robotic surgery versus definitive (chemo)radiotherapy 下载免费PDF全文
103.
Agnes Mattsson Sandra E. Sylvan Anna Asklid Joel Wiggh Maria Winqvist Jeanette Lundin Larry Mansouri Richard Rosenquist Hemming Johansson Anders Österborg Lotta Hansson 《British journal of haematology》2020,191(3):426-432
Bendamustine + rituximab (BR) is the current first-line standard-of-care for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) in fit patients aged 66–70 years, whereas chlorambucil + CD20 antibody is recommended in older patients with co-morbidities. This retrospective real-world study investigated whether risk-adapted BR was safe and effective in elderly patients. All 141 CLL patients in the Stockholm region (diagnosed from 2007 to 2016, identified from regional registries) who had received BR as first (n = 84) or later line (n = 57) were analysed. Median age was 72 years, 49% had Binet stage C, 40% had Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) score ≥ 6, 20% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 2. None had del(17p). Only 15% of patients aged ≥80 years received full-dose bendamustine and 65% of them postponed rituximab until cycle 2. Corresponding numbers in patients 73–79 years were 21% and 36% and in <73 years, 63% and 33%. Overall response rate was 83% (first line) and 67% (later line) (P < 0·022) equally distributed between age subsets. ECOG, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutational status and cytogenetics, but not treatment line and age, were significant factors on progression-free survival (PFS) in multivariate analysis. Infections and neutropenia/thrombocytopenia (≥grade 3) were similar across age subgroups. In summary, BR was well tolerated even in patients ≥80 years, with similar efficacy and safety as in less old patients, provided that carefully adapted dosing was applied. 相似文献
104.
105.
William H. George Kelly Cue Davis N. Tatiana Masters Angela J. Jacques-Tiura Julia R. Heiman Jeanette Norris Amanda K. Gilmore Hong V. Nguyen Kelly F. Kajumulo Jacqueline M. Otto Michele P. Andrasik 《Archives of sexual behavior》2014,43(4):645-658
This study used an experimental paradigm to investigate the roles of sexual victimization history and alcohol intoxication in young women’s sexual-emotional responding and sexual risk taking. A nonclinical community sample of 436 young women, with both an instance of heavy episodic drinking and some HIV/STI risk exposure in the past year, completed childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adolescent/adult sexual assault (ASA) measures. A majority of them reported CSA and/or ASA, including rape and attempted rape. After random assignment to a high alcohol dose (.10 %) or control condition, participants read and projected themselves into an eroticized scenario of a sexual encounter involving a new partner. As the story protagonist, each participant rated her positive mood and her sexual arousal, sensation, and desire, and then indicated her likelihood of engaging in unprotected sex. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that ASA and alcohol were directly associated with heightened risk taking, and alcohol’s effects were partially mediated by positive mood and sexual desire. ASA was associated with attenuated sexual-emotional responding and resulted in diminished risk taking via this suppression. These are the first findings indicating that, compared to non-victimized counterparts, sexually victimized women respond differently in alcohol-involved sexual encounters in terms of sexual-emotional responding and risk-taking intentions. Implications include assessing victimization history and drinking among women seeking treatment for either concern, particularly women at risk for HIV, and alerting them to ways their histories and behavior may combine to exacerbate their sexual risks. 相似文献
106.
Payam Dadvand Cristina M. Villanueva Laia Font-Ribera David Martinez Xavier Basaga?a Jordina Belmonte Martine Vrijheid Regina Gra?ulevi?ien? Manolis Kogevinas Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen 《Environmental health perspectives》2014,122(12):1329-1335
Background: Green spaces have been associated with both health benefits and risks in children; however, available evidence simultaneously investigating these conflicting influences, especially in association with different types of greenness, is scarce.Objectives: We aimed to simultaneously evaluate health benefits and risks associated with different types of greenness in children, in terms of sedentary behavior (represented by excessive screen time), obesity, current asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of a population-based sample of 3,178 schoolchildren (9–12 years old) in Sabadell, Spain, in 2006. Information on outcomes and covariates was obtained by questionnaire. We measured residential surrounding greenness as the average of satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in buffers of 100 m, 250 m, 500 m, and 1,000 m around each home address. Residential proximity to green spaces was defined as living within 300 m of a forest or a park, as separate variables. We used logistic regression models to estimate associations separately for each exposure–outcome pair, adjusted for relevant covariates.Results: An interquartile range increase in residential surrounding greenness was associated with 11–19% lower relative prevalence of overweight/obesity and excessive screen time, but was not associated with current asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Similarly, residential proximity to forests was associated with 39% and 25% lower relative prevalence of excessive screen time and overweight/obesity, respectively, but was not associated with current asthma. In contrast, living close to parks was associated with a 60% higher relative prevalence of current asthma, but had only weak negative associations with obesity/overweight or excessive screen time.Conclusion: We observed two separable patterns of estimated health benefits and risks associated with different types of greenness.Citation: Dadvand P, Villanueva CM, Font-Ribera L, Martinez D, Basagaña X, Belmonte J, Vrijheid M, Gražulevičienė R, Kogevinas M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. 2014. Risks and benefits of green spaces for children: a cross-sectional study of associations with sedentary behavior, obesity, asthma, and allergy. Environ Health Perspect 122:1329–1335; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1308038 相似文献
107.
Maite Augusta Gil-Ruiz Gil-Esparza Andrés José Alcaraz Romero Alfonso Romero Otero Nuria Gil Villanueva Eva Sanavia Morán Ana Rodríguez Sánchez de la Blanca Jorge Lorente Romero José María Bellón Cano 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2014,29(7):1265-1272
Background
Acute renal injury increases risk of death after cardiac surgery. The objective of the study was to evaluate the ability of the pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-Stage Renal Disease (pRIFLE) criteria to characterize the development of postoperative renal damage in children after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and to evaluate the relationship between the severity of kidney injury and mortality, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length of stay, and the duration of mechanical ventilation (MV).Methods
In this retrospective study including children undergoing CPB surgery during a 3-year period in the PICU of a tertiary hospital, demographic, clinical, surgery-related, and postoperative clinical data were collected. Kidney damage was assessed with pRIFLE criteria.Results
Four hundred and nine patients were included. Early acute kidney injury (AKI) was found in 82 patients (achieving categories Risk 44; Injury 16; Failure 22). Early AKI was associated with younger age (P?=?0.010), longer CPB, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) use, ICU stay >12 days, MV >4 days, and death (P?<?0.001). Controlling the effect of age, CPB, DHCA use, previous cardiac surgeries, and Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery Surgical Severity Score (RACHS-1), early AKI development proved to predict ICU stay >12 days [odds ratio (OR) 3.5; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.9–6.5, P?<?0.001)] and need of MV >4 days (OR 5.1; 95 % CI 2.6–10.2, P?<?0.001).Conclusions
Early AKI when evaluated with the pRIFLE criteria can predict prolonged ICU stay, need of prolonged MV, and mortality. 相似文献108.
Inke R. König Christina Loley Jeanette Erdmann Andreas Ziegler 《Genetic epidemiology》2014,38(2):97-103
In current genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), the analysis is usually focused on autosomal variants only, and the sex chromosomes are often neglected. Recently, a number of technical hurdles have been described that add to a reluctance of including chromosome X in a GWAS, including complications in genotype calling, imputation, and selection of test statistics. To overcome this, we provide a “how to” guide for analyzing X chromosomal data within a standard GWAS. Following a general pipeline for GWAS, we highlight the steps in which the X chromosome requires specific attention, and we give tentative advice for each of these. Through this, we show that by selection of sensible algorithms and parameter settings, the inclusion of chromosome X in GWAS is manageable. Closing this gap is expected to further elucidate the genetic background of complex diseases, especially of those with sex‐specific features. 相似文献
109.
110.
Julieann C. Lee Javier E. Villanueva‐Meyer Sean P. Ferris Elaine M. Cham Jacob Zucker Tabitha Cooney Ahmed Gilani Bette K. Kleinschmidt‐DeMasters Dimitri Trembath Manuela Mafra Jason Chiang David W. Ellison Soo‐Jin Cho Andrew E. Horvai Jessica Van Ziffle Courtney Onodera Patrick Devine James P. Grenert Carmen M.A. de Voijs W.T. Marja van Blokland Wendy W.J. de Leng Marieke J. Ploegmakers Uta Flucke Melike Pekmezci Andrew W. Bollen Tarik Tihan Christian Koelsche Andreas von Deimling Pieter Wesseling David A. Solomon Arie Perry 《Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)》2020,30(2):213-225
Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs) are highly aggressive sarcomas that most commonly occur intra‐abdominally, and are defined by EWSR1‐WT1 gene fusion. Intracranial DSRCTs are exceptionally rare with only seven previously reported fusion‐positive cases. Herein, we evaluate the clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular features of five additional examples. All patients were male (age range 6–25 years; median 11 years), with four tumors located supratentorially and one within the posterior fossa. The histologic features were highly variable including small cell, embryonal, clear cell, rhabdoid, anaplastic and glioma‐like appearances. A prominent desmoplastic stroma was seen in only two cases. The mitotic index ranged from <1 to 12/10 HPF (median 5). While all tumors showed strong desmin positivity, epithelial markers such as EMA, CAM 5.2 and other keratins were strongly positive in only one, focally positive in two and negative in two cases. EWSR1‐WT1 gene fusion was present in all cases, with accompanying mutations in the TERT promoter or STAG2 gene in individual cases. Given the significant histologic diversity, in the absence of genetic evaluation these cases could easily be misinterpreted as other entities. Desmin immunostaining is a useful initial screening method for consideration of a DSRCT diagnosis, prompting confirmatory molecular testing. Demonstrating the presence of an EWSR1‐WT1 fusion provides a definitive diagnosis of DSRCT. Genome‐wide methylation profiles of intracranial DSRCTs matched those of extracranial DSRCTs. Thus, despite the occasionally unusual histologic features and immunoprofile, intracranial DSRCTs likely represent a similar, if not the same, entity as their soft tissue counterpart based on the shared fusion and methylation profiles. 相似文献