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61.
Ahmad S. Azhar Zaher F. Zaher Noran M. Abu-Ouf Jameel Al-Ata Sara Taisir A. Alsheblie 《Journal of the Saudi Heart Association》2018,30(1):28-39
Objective
To assess the implementation and efficiency of medical education among the caregivers of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and to investigate its success factors.Material and method
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2014 to March 2014 in a tertiary healthcare center. Study included 120 caregivers of children with CHD visiting the Paediatric Cardiology Clinic that included 93% mothers, aged 31.72 ± 6.67 years, 38.3% Saudi citizens and 45.0% had a high educational level. Caregivers were interviewed through a semi-structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic data of participants and demographic and clinical data of patients; awareness about the diagnosis and self-assessed understanding of thedisease; disease dimensions explained, educational material used andefficacy of whole medical education received in alleviating caregivers' anxiety.Results
Of children who had CHD, around 42.5% were males aged 5.65 ± 3.99 years and 37.3% had ventral septal defect, 14.4% had atrial septal defectand 19.5% had a complex CHD. Study results showed that 83.3% of caregivers were aware of the correct diagnosis and 64.2% had good understanding of the nature and effect of the disease. Frequently explained disease dimensions were impact on child's growth (65.8%), complications (57.5%), and outcomes (55.0%). Least frequently explained dimensions were those related to infective endocarditis (IEC) including risk factors (15.8%), prophylaxis (17.5%), complications (19.2%) and symptoms (22.5%). The whole medical education received was efficient to enable good understanding of the disease and alleviate anxiety in 70.8% and 62.5% of the cases, respectively. Time dedicated to educate, use of illustrating educational materials, explaining various disease dimensions (aetiology, complications, prognosis, long-term management, etc.) and the number of dimensions explained were all significant predictors for both good understanding of the child's disease and anxiety relief among caregivers. 相似文献62.
Contreras G Pardo V Cely C Borja E Hurtado A De La Cuesta C Iqbal K Lenz O Asif A Nahar N Leclerq B Leon C Schulman I Ramirez-Seijas F Paredes A Cepero A Khan T Pachon F Tozman E Barreto G Hoffman D Almeida Suarez M Busse JC Esquenazi M Esquenazi A Garcia Mayol L Garcia Estrada H 《Lupus》2005,14(11):890-895
The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with important clinical outcomes in a case-control study of 213 patients with lupus nephritis. Included were 47% Hispanics, 44% African Americans and 9% Caucasians with a mean age of 28 years. Fifty-four (25%) patients reached the primary composite outcome of doubling serum creatinine, end-stage renal disease or death during a mean follow-up of 37 months. Thirty-four percent African Americans, 20% Hispanics and 10% Caucasians reached the primary composite outcome (P < 0.05). Patients reaching the composite outcome had predominantly proliferative lupus nephritis (WHO classes: 30% III, 32% IV, 18% V and 5% II, P < 0.025) with higher activity index score (7 +/- 6 versus 5 +/- 5, P < 0.05), chronicity index (CI) score (4 +/- 3 versus 2 +/- 2 unit, P < 0.025), higher baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP) (111 +/- 21 versus 102 +/- 14 mmHg, P < 0.025) and serum creatinine (1.9 +/- 1.3 versus 1.3 +/- 1.0 mg/dL, P < 0.025), but lower baseline hematocrit (29 +/- 6 versus 31 + 5%, P < 0.025) and complement C3 (54 +/- 26 versus 65 + 33 mg/dL, P < 0.025) compared to controls. More patients reaching the composite outcome had nephrotic range proteinuria compared to controls (74% versus 56%, P < 0.025). By multivariate analysis, CI (hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.18 [1.07-1.30] per point), MAP (HR 1.02 [1.00-1.03] per mmHg), and baseline serum creatinine (HR 1.26 [1.04-1.54] per mg/dL) were independently associated with the composite outcome. We concluded that hypertension and elevated serum creatinine at the time of the kidney biopsy as well as a high CI are associated with an increased the risk for chronic renal failure or death in patients with lupus nephritis. 相似文献
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Kamal Faisal Khan Muhammad Ali Lee-Smith Wade Sharma Sachit Marella Hemnishil K. Iqbal Umair Mcdonough Stephanie Aslam Aysha Ismail Mohammad K. Tombazzi Claudio Adler Douglas G. 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2021,66(10):3242-3249
Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Esophageal diverticula can cause significant symptoms and affect the quality of life. There has been recent interest in the use of peroral endoscopic myotomy in... 相似文献
66.
G. Caccamo I. A. Iqbal J. Osborn H. Bi K. Arkley G. Melville 《Australian forestry.》2018,81(3):131-141
Accurate mapping of timber resources in commercial forestry is essential to support planning and management operations of forest growers. Over the last two decades, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems have been successfully deployed for the collection of point-cloud data for accurate modelling of forest attributes that are traditionally obtained from plot-based inventory. In recent years, studies conducted in North America and Scandinavia have shown that three-dimensional point clouds derived from digital aerial photogrammetric (AP) data can be used to model forest attributes with a level of accuracy similar to traditional LiDAR-based approaches. A comparative analysis of the performance of the two point-cloud technologies has never been attempted in Australian plantations. In this study, we compared the performance of LiDAR-based and AP-based point clouds for estimating total recoverable volume in a Pinus radiata plantation at Springfield in north-eastern Tasmania, using volume data collected by harvesting machines as a reference. Our results showed that AP point clouds can be used for mapping total recoverable volume in P. radiata plantations with levels of accuracy that are comparable to LiDAR-based estimates. Plot-level relative root mean squared error (RMSE%) values were 23.85% for LiDAR and ranged from 22.07% to 27.10% for the three AP dense point-cloud settings evaluated. At the stand level, RMSE% decreased to 9.86% and 8.91% for LiDAR and AP, respectively. Both LiDAR-based and AP-based modelled volumes showed a close agreement with volumes measured using harvester head data, demonstrating the potential of AP technology for the management and planning of forestry operations in softwood plantations. 相似文献
67.
Kusal K. Das Jameel G. Jargar Sikha Saha Saeed M. Yendigeri Shashi Bala Singh 《Indian journal of pharmacology》2015,47(3):285-291
Objective:Lead (Pb) is a long-known poison of environment and industrial origin. Its prolonged exposure affects cellular material and alters cellular genetics and produces oxidative damages. In this study, we investigated the exposure of chronic sustained hypoxia or lead acetate alone or in combination with or without supplementation of α-tocopherol on hepatic oxidative and nitrosative stress in rats.Results:Exposure of both lead and hypoxia showed decreased body weight, altered serum lipid profile, oxidant and enzymatic antioxidants status, serum HIF-1α and VEGF concentrations. Simultaneous α-tocopherol supplementation showed beneficial effects to all these alterations. Histopathological observations also showed hepatic degenerative changes after lead or hypoxia exposure either alone or in combination, but remarkable improvement has been noticed after α-tocopherol supplementation.Conclusion:Supplementation of α-tocopherol is beneficial to counter both lead acetate and hypoxia induced hepatic cytotoxicities possibly by reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress.KEY WORDS: α-tocopherol, hypoxia, lead acetate, nitrosative stress, oxidative stress 相似文献
68.
Eating disorders are a group of psychiatric conditions characterised by disturbances in eating behaviour along with severe concern regarding bodyweight and shape, which appear to be on the rise in South Asian countries. These disorders are commonly observed in young individuals and are caused by a complex interaction of genetic, biological, psychological and social factors and associated with a wide range of adverse physical, psychological and social consequences. Treatment of these disorders can be quite expensive as it requires specialised care from a multidisciplinary team. Hence, prevention of eating disorders is essential; this should focus on modifiable risk factors such as the media and low self‐esteem, which contribute to body image dissatisfaction in young people and increases their risk of developing an eating disorder. This article provides recommendations for prevention of eating disorders specifically in the South Asian context. 相似文献
69.
Performance of the OptiMAL test for malaria diagnosis among suspected malaria patients at the rural health centers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Iqbal J Muneer A Khalid N Ahmed MA 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2003,68(5):624-628
The OptiMAL test detects both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria infections. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the OptiMAL test at the Basic Health Units (BHUs) and the District Health Quarter (DHQ) Center in rural villages of Punjab, Pakistan that provide minimal health services. Two sets of blood specimens obtained from 930 suspected malaria patients attending these BHUs were tested at BHUs and the DHQ Center by microscopy and the OptiMAL test. At the BHUs, 231 (25%) of the patients were positive by microscopy and 278 (30%) patients tested positive by the OptiMAL test. At the DHQ Center, microscopic analysis of a second set of specimens from the same patients confirmed the malaria infection in 386 (42%) patients and the OptiMAL test result was positive in 300 (32%) patients. To determine the performance of OptiMAL test at the BHUs and the DHQ Center, all data were compared with microscopy results obtained at the DHQ Center. The OptiMAL test results for P. falciparum at the BHUs were comparable to those of the OptiMAL test at the DHQ Center. However, the sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the OptiMAL test were considerably lower for P. vivax infections than for P. falciparum infections, irrespective of whether the test was performed at the BHUs or at the DHQ Center (P. falciparum: sensitivity = 78-85%, PPV = 89-97%, NPV = 96-98%; P. vivax: sensitivity = 61-76%, PPV = 88-95%, NPV = 90-93%). The OptiMAL test also detected a number of false-positive and false-negative results at both the BHUs and the DHQ Center. The false-positive results ranged from 1% to 2%; however, the number of false-negative results was much higher (BHUs: P. falciparum = 22%, P. vivax = 39%; DHQ Center: P. falciparum = 15%, P. vivax = 24%). In conclusion, these results, when combined with other advantages of the OptiMAL test, suggest that this test can be used by relatively inexperienced persons to diagnose malaria infection in rural areas where facilities for microscopy are not available. 相似文献
70.
Butterworth JR Cooper BT Rosenberg WM Purkiss M Jobson S Hathaway M Briggs D Howell WM Wood GM Adams DH Iqbal TH 《Gastroenterology》2002,123(2):444-449
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Celiac disease and hereditary hemochromatosis are common HLA-defined conditions in northwestern Europe. We sought to determine whether there is a genetic relationship between the 2 diseases and if hemochromatosis susceptibility gene (HFE) mutations are protective against iron deficiency in celiac disease. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction amplification using sequence-specific primers capable of identifying the 2 HFE gene mutations (H63D and C282Y) and the HLA class I and II alleles was used to type 145 white patients with celiac disease and 187 matched controls. Hemoglobin and fasting serum iron levels in celiac patients were measured at diagnosis. RESULTS: HFE gene mutations, H63D or C282Y, were identified in 70 celiac patients (48.3%) and 61 controls (32.6%) (P = 0.004). The C282Y mutation was associated with HLA-A*03 and B*07 alleles in controls and with A*01, A*03, B*08, and DRB1*0301 alleles in celiac patients; the H63D mutation was associated with HLA-A*25 and DRB1*03 alleles in controls and A*29 and DRB1*03 alleles in celiac patients. At diagnosis, celiac patients with the C282Y mutation had higher mean hemoglobin and fasting serum iron levels compared with the HFE wild type (P = 0.0002 and 0.006, respectively). This was not observed with the H63D mutation. CONCLUSIONS: In celiac disease, HFE gene mutations are common and are in linkage disequilibrium with different HLA alleles compared with controls. A disease-specific haplotype that carries C282Y and DQB1*02 is suggested. We propose that HFE gene mutations provide a survival advantage by ameliorating the iron deficiency seen in celiac patients. 相似文献