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111.
Jürgen Rehm Carolin Kilian Carina Ferreira‐Borges David Jernigan Maristela Monteiro Charles D. H. Parry Zila M. Sanchez Jakob Manthey 《Drug and alcohol review》2020,39(4):301-304
Based on a literature search undertaken to determine the impacts of past public health crises, and a systematic review of the effects of past economic crises on alcohol consumption, two main scenarios—with opposite predictions regarding the impact of the current COVID‐19 pandemic on the level and patterns of alcohol consumption—are introduced. The first scenario predicts an increase in consumption for some populations, particularly men, due to distress experienced as a result of the pandemic. A second scenario predicts the opposite outcome, a lowered level of consumption, based on the decreased physical and financial availability of alcohol. With the current restrictions on alcohol availability, it is postulated that, for the immediate future, the predominant scenario will likely be the second, while the distress experienced in the first may become more relevant in the medium‐ and longer‐term future. Monitoring consumption levels both during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic will be necessary to better understand the effects of COVID‐19 on different groups, as well as to distinguish them from those arising from existing alcohol control policies. 相似文献
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Quantification of perfusion in murine myocardium: A retrospectively triggered T1‐based ASL method using model‐based reconstruction 下载免费PDF全文
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Electron beam sterilization does not have a detrimental effect on the ability of extracellular matrix scaffolds to support in vivo ligament healing 下载免费PDF全文
Benedikt L. Proffen Gabriel S. Perrone Braden C. Fleming Jakob T. Sieker Joshua Kramer Michael L. Hawes Gary J. Badger Martha M. Murray 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2015,33(7):1015-1023
Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been used to enhance anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair in large animal models. To translate this technology to clinical care, identifying a method which effectively sterilizes the material without significantly impairing in vivo function is desirable. Sixteen Yorkshire pigs underwent ACL transection and were randomly assigned to bridge‐enhanced ACL repair—primary suture repair of the ACL with addition of autologous blood soaked ECM scaffold—with either (i) an aseptically processed ECM scaffold, or (ii) an electron beam irradiated ECM scaffold. Primary outcome measures included sterility of the scaffold and biomechanical properties of the scaffold itself and the repaired ligament at 8 weeks after surgery. Scaffolds treated with 15 kGy electron beam irradiation had no bacterial or fungal growth noted, while aseptically processed scaffolds had bacterial growth in all tested samples. The mean biomechanical properties of the scaffold and healing ligament were lower in the electron beam group; however, differences were not statistically significant. Electron beam irradiation was able to effectively sterilize the scaffolds. In addition, this technique had only a minimal impact on the in vivo function of the scaffolds when used for ligament healing in the porcine model. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1015–1023, 2015. 相似文献
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Leineweber K Rohe P Beilfuss A Wolf C Sporkmann H Bruck H Jakob HG Heusch G Philipp T Brodde OE 《Cardiovascular research》2005,66(3):512-519
OBJECTIVES: In human end-stage heart failure as well as in experimental animal models of heart failure, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase activity (GRK) is increased while beta-adrenoceptor responsiveness is diminished. In animal studies, beta-adrenoceptor blockers reverse the GRK-mediated desensitization and down-regulation of myocardial beta-adrenoceptors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether alterations in GRK activity are an early or late accompaniment of human heart failure and whether also in humans beta-adrenoceptor blocker treatment is able to influence myocardial GRK activity. METHODS: We assessed in right atria, obtained from patients at different stages of heart failure, treated with or not treated with beta-adrenoceptor blockers, and in the four chambers of explanted hearts, obtained from patients with end-stage heart failure, beta-adrenoceptor density (by (-)-[(125)I]-iodocyanopindolol binding) and GRK activity (by an in vitro rhodopsin phosphorylation assay). RESULTS: With increasing severity of heart failure, plasma noradrenaline levels increased while myocardial beta-adrenoceptor density decreased with a maximum in GRK activity in end-stage heart failure. However, in relation to the progression of heart failure, we found that GRK activity transiently increased at an early stage of heart failure (NYHA I and II) but decreased back to control values in patients at NYHA III and IV. beta-Adrenoceptor blockers were able to reduce the early increase in GRK activity at NYHA I and II to control levels, whereas in those patients who did not have increased GRK activity (NYHA III and IV), they had only a marginal effect. CONCLUSION: According to our results, an increase in GRK activity is an early and transient event in the course of heart failure that can be prevented by beta-adrenoceptor blocker treatment. 相似文献
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