电针刺激对脑缺血大鼠神经干细胞分化的影响

目的研究电针刺激对脑缺血大鼠神经干细胞分化的影响。方法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型(MCAO),随机分为电针组和模型组。电针组电针刺激"百会"和"风府"穴,模型组不予电针。免疫荧光双标法检测5-溴脱氧尿苷-神经元特异性烯醇化酶(BrdU/NSE)和5-溴脱氧尿苷-胶质纤维酸性蛋白(BrdU/GFAP)阳性细胞的表达。结果两组间BrdU/NSE阳性细胞表达比较差异有显著性(F=1 069.23,P<0.01);组内不同时间BrdU/NSE阳性细胞表达比较差异均有显著性(F=1.90、355.51,P<0.01)。组间BrdU/GFAP阳性细胞表达比较差异有显著性(F=28 100.21,P<0.01);组内不同时间BrdU/GFAP阳性细胞表达比较差异有显著性(F=6.50、90.18,P<0.01)。结论电针刺激能促进脑缺血大鼠NSE和GFAP的表达。     

小柴胡汤加味对甲型HIN1流感轻症病人的效果

目的 探讨甲型 HIN1 流感轻症病例临床特征及小柴胡汤加味治疗的效果.方法 甲型 HIN1 流感轻症病人 80 例,随机分成两组,中医组 40 例,应用小柴胡汤加味治疗,每天 1 付分2次口服,疗程5 d;抗病毒组40 例,给予奥司他韦每次75 mg、每天2次治疗,疗程5d.观察并比较两组疗效.应用RT-PCR进行咽...     

慢性肾脏病与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 探讨慢性肾脏病(CKD)与胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法 选取2006年7月-2008年12月在我科住院治疗的CKD 3～4期病人56例,以同期35例健康体检者作为正常对照组.测量两组身高、体质量、腰围、血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素、三酰甘油、总胆圊醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、超敏C反应蛋白和白细胞介素6,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(...     

Functions of the MMR system and special roles of mutL in bacterial evolution

DNA mismatch repair guards the integrity of the genome of almost all organisms by correcting DNA biosynthetic errors and by ensuring the fidelity of homologous genetic recombination. MutL is one of the important proteins involved in mismatch repair system. It has been suggested to function as a master coordinator or molecular matchmaker because it interacts physically with MutS, the endonuclease MutH, and DNA helicase UvrD. It also binds to DNA and has an ATPase activity. MutL defective bacteria strains have elevated mutation rates and it has been reported recently that MutL defect may have an important impact on bacterial evolution.     

Psychophysiological Effects of Bamboo Piants on Adults

The present study was conducted to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo on university students. Forty healthy Chinese participants enrolled in this study to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo. The effects of visual stimulation using a pot both with and without a bamboo were recorded by measuring the student's blood pressure, EEG and STAI. We observed that viewing bamboo plants resulted in significantly lower systolic(female, P <0.001; male, P < 0.001;P < 0.05) and diastolic (female, P < 0.001; male, P < 0.001;P < 0.05) blood pressures, but no changes in the pulse rate (female, P = 0.09; male, P = 0.07;P > 0.05)were observed. The results of the EEG analysis indicated brainwave variation (all P < 0.05) and lower anxiety scores (P <0.01) after 3 min of viewing bamboo compared with the control. These findings indicate that visual stimulation with bamboo plants induced psychophysiological relaxation effects on adults.     

佐剂关节炎大鼠脊髓背角内磷酸化ERK在电针夹脊穴镇痛中的变化

目的观察电针华佗夹脊穴对佐剂性关节炎大鼠脊髓背角内磷酸化ERK表达的影响,从信号转导的角度研究电针镇痛可能的作用机制。方法以完全福氏佐剂（CFA）致炎性痛大鼠模型,采用免疫组化技术,分别检测正常对照组、模型组、及电针治疗组SD大鼠脊髓背角内磷酸化ERK表达。结果与空白对照组相比,造模后30min、24h及48h后,模型组大鼠痛阈下降,同时脊髓背角内磷酸化ERK明显增多（P〈0．01）;电针治疗组大鼠在电针夹脊穴治疗后,30min、24h、48h后行痛阈检测发现其痛阈下降,但与模型组相比痛阈明显提高,脊髓背角内ERK磷酸化水平亦较模型组明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论电针华佗夹脊穴可明显缓解佐剂性关节炎大鼠炎性痛,提高痛阈,而ERK可能为电针镇痛中一个重要的信号转导分子,其磷酸化在炎症痛敏及电针镇痛过程中起重要作用。     

How to read a report of a randomized controlled trial

Proper evaluation of up‐to‐date clinical evidence is essential for the provision of optimal patient care. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the ideal study type to investigate the benefit or harm of an intervention, such as a drug therapy. RCTs aims to avoid biased assessment of clinical interventions through the even distribution of both known and unknown factors that may influence outcomes. However, not all RCTs are well designed, conducted or reported. As such, the clinician needs to critically appraise RCTs in order to determine their strengths and weaknesses. This paper aims to explain how to approach critical appraisal, by highlighting and illustrating important questions that help determine the reliability of results from randomized trials.     

Renoprotective effects of asialoerythropoietin in diabetic mice against ischaemia–reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury

Aim: Diabetic patients are at higher risk of failure to recover after acute kidney injury, however, the mechanism and therapeutic strategies remain unclear. Erythropoietin is cytoprotective in a variety of non‐haematopoietic cells. The aim of the present study was to clarify the mechanism of diabetes‐related acceleration of renal damage after ischaemia–reperfusion injury and to examine the therapeutic potential of asialoerythropoietin, a non‐haematopoietic erythropoietin derivative, against ischaemia–reperfusion‐induced acute kidney injury in diabetic mice. Methods: C57BL/6J mice with and without streptozotocin‐induced diabetes were subjected to 30 min unilateral renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury at 1 week after induction of diabetes. They were divided into four group: (i) non‐diabetic plus ischaemia–reperfusion injury; (ii) non‐diabetic plus ischaemia–reperfusion injury plus asialoerythropoietin (3000 IU/kg bodyweight); (iii) diabetic plus ischaemia–reperfusion injury; and (iv) diabetic plus ischemia–reperfusion injury plus asialoerythropoietin. Experiments were conducted at the indicated time periods after ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Results: Ischaemia–reperfusion injury of diabetic kidney resulted in significantly low protein expression levels of bcl‐2, an anti‐apoptotic molecule, and bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7), an anti‐fibrotic and pro‐regenerative factor, compared with non‐diabetic kidneys. Diabetic kidney subsequently showed severe damage including increased tubular cell apoptosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and decreased tubular proliferation, compared with non‐diabetic kidney. Treatment with asialoerythropoietin induced bcl‐2 and BMP‐7 expression in diabetic kidney and decreased tubular cell apoptosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and accelerated tubular proliferation. Conclusion: Reduced induction bcl‐2 and BMP‐7 may play a role in the acceleration of renal damage after ischaemia–reperfusion injury in diabetic kidney. The renoprotective effects of asialoerythropoietin on acute kidney injury may be mediated through the induction of bcl‐2 and BMP‐7.     

Waist Circumference Distribution of Chinese School-age Children and Adolescents

Background Waist circumference （WC）, a proxy measure of central body fat, is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. WC cutoffs have been established in many countries, but the national WC reference has not been developed in China. Objective To study the distribution of WC in a representative group of Chinese children for establishing Chinese WC cutoff points. Methods Cross-sectional data obtained from 15 mainland provinces and Hong Kong were collected. There were 160 225 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old in total. The subjects were divided into five regional groups namely costal city, other city, noah rural, south rural, and Hong Kong, for analyzing the distribution of WC. Results A large variation in WC distribution was found among the five groups for both sexes. Coastal city group had the highest P85 WC values consistently from the early school ages to 18-year-old compared with other groups. In contrast, south rural group had P85 values consistently lagged behind not only the city groups but also the north rural group. Hong Kong group had a high P85 WC at early ages, but because of the smaller increments of WC during adolescence, the P85 curve was gradually exceeded by the north rural groups. Catch-up trend was found in the two rural groups since the peak of puberty. These disparities were caused by not only socioeconomic and urban-rural factors but also north-south differences. Because of the regional variation of WC, a ＂gradient＂ prevalence of central obesity was prospected among these groups. Comparisons of WC distributions between the Chinese and the U.S.A or Netherlands demonstrated the necessary of setting up China＇s own WC cutoffs. Sex and age-specific percentiles were obtained and smoothed by using LMS method. Conclusion The data obtained from this study could be used to develop national WC cutoff points for Chinese children and adolescents.