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61.
Sangeetha Jayaraman Somesh Balakrishnan Devaji Rao 《The Indian journal of surgery》2011,73(5):377-379
Development of a primary cancer after treatment of the first with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is well documented, but it
is common with hematological malignancies. Variety of reasons are suggested by various researchers, but a conclusive evidence
is not yet available. Excepting a few correlations like the tamoxifen therapy and endometrial cancer, angiosarcoma of the
breast following radiotherapy, occurrence of other metachronous malignancies seem to be dependent on genetic and environmental
factors. A patient with three primary malignancies is presented here. 相似文献
62.
Kumarasamy N Solomon S Chaguturu SK Mahajan AP Flanigan TP Balakrishnan P Mayer KH 《AIDS (London, England)》2003,17(15):2267-2269
We investigated the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of locally produced generic highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens with a chart review conducted at YRG CARE, a tertiary HIV referral centre in India. A total of 333 patients had been on Indian-manufactured generic HAART for at least 3 months. In this cohort, generic HAART was safe, well tolerated and effective at increasing CD4 T-lymphocyte counts in patients with advanced HIV, comparable to the experience with proprietary HAART. 相似文献
63.
Background Platelets play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the thrombotic complications in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Abnormal
platelet activation indices are evolving as potentially useful markers in CVD risk stratification. Whilst there has been some
investigation into the effects of storage time on several of these indices, the effects of underlying disease severity on
these temporal changes have not been previously studied.
Methods Using the ADVIATM120 haematology analyser, we assessed the effects of time-dependent storage of whole blood in EDTA, on a number of platelet
activation indices: mean platelet volume (MPV), mean platelet component (MPC, measure of platelet density) and platelet component
distribution width (PCDW, a marker of platelet shape change. We studied three age- and sex-matched patient groups: (i) healthy
controls (n = 10), (ii) stable patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 9); and (iii) patients with acute myocardial infarction (n = 8). Whole blood samples were processed at exactly 5 min following venesection and at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min later in storage
in EDTA tubes at room temperature.
Results There was a significant and stepwise increase in MPV (P = 0.01) and decrease in PCDW (P = 0.03), with a non-significant trend to increasing MPM and decreasing MPC with increasing underlying disease (that is healthy,
‘stable’ and ‘acute’ artery disease). There was a significant time-dependent increase in MPV and decrease in MPC and PCDW
(all P < 0.05), which were all significant on ‘post-hoc’ analyses by 30 min. There were no significant changes in platelet count
or MPM with time. There was no interaction of underlying disease with whole-blood storage time for any of the platelet indices
reported (P = NS).
Conclusion There is a temporal increase in MPV and decrease in MPC and PCDW in venous blood stored over 2 h in EDTA. These changes are
not influenced by the underlying CVD disease severity. 相似文献
64.
65.
Antaki F Tringali A Deprez P Kwan V Costamagna G Le Moine O Delhaye M Cremer M Devière J 《Gastrointestinal endoscopy》2008,67(1):163-168
BACKGROUND: Duodenal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies. Symptomatic cases have classically been treated by surgical resection, which can be complex because of the close proximity of the cysts to the papilla. OBJECTIVE: To describe a series of 8 patients with symptomatic duodenal duplication cysts who were treated endoscopically, with a special focus on the long-term outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Three tertiary-care European academic hospitals. PATIENTS: Eight patients, age 8 to 72 years, were treated endoscopically for symptomatic intraluminal duodenal duplication cysts between 1981 and 2006. Seven patients presented with acute pancreatitis, and one patient presented with jaundice. INTERVENTION: Endoscopic incision and marsupialization of the cysts was performed by using a variety of endoscopic tools (needle-knife and regular sphincterotomes, cystotomes, and polypectomy snares). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Technical success of endoscopic intervention and long-term clinical recurrence of symptoms. RESULTS: No major complications occurred. All patients remained asymptomatic at a median follow-up of 7.3 years. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study; the small number of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The endoscopic treatment of symptomatic intraluminal duodenal duplication cysts is a safe and effective technique, with excellent long-term results. It represents a minimally invasive alternative to surgical resection and might be considered the preferred therapeutic modality for these cases. 相似文献
66.
Emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB over the past decade presents an unprecedented public health challenge to which countries of concern are responding far too slowly. Global Tuberculosis Report 2014 marks the 20th anniversary of the Global Project on Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Surveillance, indicating the highest global level of drug-resistance ever recorded detection of 97?000 patients with MDR-TB resulting in 170?000 deaths in 2013. Treatment of MDR-TB is expensive, complex, prolonged (18–24 months) and associated with a higher incidence of adverse events. In this context, nanocarrier delivery systems (NDSs) efficiently encapsulating considerable amounts of second-line anti tubercular drugs (sATDs), eliciting controlled, sustained and more profound effect to trounce the need to administer sATDs at high and frequent doses, would assist in improving patient compliance and avoid hepatotoxicity and/or nephrotoxicity/ocular toxicity/ototoxicity associated with the prevalent sATDs. Besides, NDSs are also known to inhibit the P-glycoprotein efflux, reduce metabolism by gut cytochrome P-450 enzymes and circumnavigate the hepatic first-pass effect, facilitating absorption of drugs via intestinal lymphatic pathways. This review first provides a holistic account on MDR-TB and discusses the molecular basis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to anti-tubercular drugs. It also provides an updated bird’s eye view on current treatment strategies and laboratory diagnostic test for MDR-TB. Furthermore, a relatively pithy view on patent studies on second-line chemotherapy using NDSs will be discussed. 相似文献
67.
Subhakar Kandi Tilak Kumar K Shravika Reddy Kandi Neeta Mathur Challa Devi D Rajesham Adepu 《The Indian journal of tuberculosis》2021,68(3):379-383
BackgroundTreatment outcomes for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is generally poor. The study aims to know about the treatment outcomes of MDR-TB under programmatic conditions in Hyderabad District and to analyze the factors influencing the treatment outcomes.MethodsThis is a retrospective study in which 377 patients of Hyderabad district, Telangana state who were diagnosed with MDR TB and registered at Drug Resistance TB Treatment site of Government General & Chest Hospital, Hyderabad from 4th quarter 2008 to 4th quarter 2013 were included in the study. Impact of Demographic factors (age, sex; Nutritional status (BMI); Co-morbid condition (Diabetes, HIV, Hypothyroidism); Programmatic factors (time delay in the initiation of treatment); Initial Resistance pattern on the outcomes were studied and analyzed.ResultsThe treatment outcomes of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis under Programmatic Conditions were: 57% cured, 21.8% died, 19.6% defaulted, 1.1% failed and 0.5% switched to XDR. Age, Sex, BMI had a statistically significant impact on treatment outcomes. Hypothyroidism and Delay in the initiation of treatment >1 a month had an impact on the outcomes though not statistically significant. NO impact on treatment outcomes was found when Rifampicin resistance & INH sensitive patients were compared with those resistant to both INH and Rifampicin.ConclusionTo reduce MDR-TB transmission in the community, improvement of treatment outcomes, via ensuring adherence, paying special attention to elderly patients is required. The Programmatic Management of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (PMDT) should seriously think of providing Nutritional support to patients with low BMI to improve outcomes. In the programmatic conditions if we could address the problems like delay in initiation of treatment and proper management of comorbidities like HIV, Diabetes, Hypothyroidism would definitely improve the treatment outcomes. 相似文献
68.
69.
Swetlana Gautam Priyanka Singh Manjari Singh Subhadeep Roy Jitendra K. Rawat Rajnish K. Yadav Uma Devi Pushpraj S. Gupta Shubhini A. Saraf Gaurav Kaithwas 《RSC advances》2018,8(7):3512
The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. Animals were randomized and divided among four groups of six animals each. Group I (control 0.9% normal saline, 3 ml kg−1, p.o.); Group II (toxic control, MNU 47 mg kg−1, i.v.); Group III (RFX, 25 mg kg−1, p.o.); Group IV (RFX, 50 mg kg−1, p.o.). Toxicity was induced by single i.v. injection of MNU. MNU treatment was evident with increased alveolar bud count, differentiation score, up-regulated inflammatory enzyme markers (COX, LOX, NO and H2S) and oxidative stress markers (TBAR''s, protein carbonyl, SOD, catalase and Ach). The mammary gland surface architecture was studied using SEM, carmine staining and H&E staining. The treatment with RFX elicited noticeable restoration of the overall histological architecture in the experimental animals similar to the control. In the MNU treated toxic group, the levels of oxidative stress markers significantly increased in comparison to the control, which was subsequently restored after RFX treatment. Furthermore, RFX up regulated the levels of caspase 3 and caspase 8, when compared to the MNU treated animals. MNU associated toxicity was also ascertained, when determined for UCHL-1, COX, NF-κBp65, BAD, and BCL-xl expression, while RFX demonstrated modulation of the same.The present study was proposed to investigate the effect of rifaximin (RFX) on methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary gland carcinoma in albino wistar rats. 相似文献
70.
Pawlin Vasanthi Joseph Brindha Balan Vidhyalakshmi Rajendran Devi Marimuthu Prashanthi Balasubramanian Somnathan 《Indian Journal of Community Medicine》2015,40(3):188-192