In vitro antimicrobial activity of natural toxins and animal venoms tested against Burkholderia pseudomallei

Background  

Burkholderia pseudomallei are the causative agent of melioidosis. Increasing resistance of the disease to antibiotics is a severe problem in treatment regime and has led to intensification of the search for new drugs. Antimicrobial peptides are the most ubiquitous in nature as part of the innate immune system and host defense mechanism.     

GRAVES' DISEASE WITH ORGANIC MOOD SYNDROME (A Case Report)

A case of Graves'' disease with organic mood syndrome in a 3G year old man is reported. Patient had thyrotoxicosis and developed features of mania while in the hospital which necessitated antipsychotic drug therapy.KEY WORDS: Graves'' disease, ManiaFrank psychotic decompensation occurring in the background of Graves'' disease is an explosive clinical situation as manifestations range from severe manic excitement to total apathy. Although rare, the gravity of such situation warrants energetic intervention on both fronts. One such instance of organic mood syndrome with Graves'' disease is being presented, highlighting the problems encountered in the management.     

Effect of permethrin-impregnated nets on exiting behavior, blood feeding success, and time of feeding of malaria mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in western Kenya

The impact of permethrin-treated bednets on the feeding and house entering/exiting behavior of malaria vectors was assessed in two studies in western Kenya. In one study, matched pairs of houses were allocated randomly to receive bednets or no bednets. Exiting mosquitoes were collected in Colombian curtains hung around half of each house; indoor resting mosquitoes were collected by pyrethrum spray catches. The number of Anopheles gambiae Giles and An. arabiensis Patton estimated to have entered the houses was unaffected by the presence of bednets; Anopheles funestus Giles was less likely to enter a house if bednets were present. Anopheles gambiae and An. funestus were less likely to obtain a blood meal and significantly more likely to exit houses when bednets were present. No difference was detected in An. arabiensis rates of blood feeding and exiting. In a second experiment, hourly night biting collections were done on 13 nights during the rainy season to assess whether village-wide use of permethrin-treated bednets caused a shift in the time of biting of malaria vectors. A statistically significant shift was detected in the biting times of An. gambiae s.l., although the observed differences were small. No change was observed in the hourly distribution of An. funestus biting. Our study demonstrated that, at least in the short-term, bednets reduced human-vector contact and blood feeding success but did not lead to changes in the biting times of the malaria vectors in western Kenya.     

楝科植物Melia volkensii生物活性馏分对致倦库蚊Culex quinquefesicatus的影响研究

<正> 作为一种替代选择,植物源化合物用于防治蚊虫,尤其是防治蚊幼虫,乃是一种比人工合成杀虫剂对环境更为友好的害虫防治方法。对此,Sukumar等(1991)已有详尽述评(见本刊1995年11(1):77—80,译者注),并列举出了具有潜在的蚊虫防治能力的344种植物。楝科植物Melia volkensii便是其中之