全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3627篇 |
免费 | 399篇 |
国内免费 | 27篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 21篇 |
儿科学 | 170篇 |
妇产科学 | 64篇 |
基础医学 | 403篇 |
口腔科学 | 134篇 |
临床医学 | 334篇 |
内科学 | 969篇 |
皮肤病学 | 26篇 |
神经病学 | 383篇 |
特种医学 | 52篇 |
外科学 | 489篇 |
综合类 | 21篇 |
一般理论 | 11篇 |
预防医学 | 387篇 |
眼科学 | 96篇 |
药学 | 177篇 |
中国医学 | 10篇 |
肿瘤学 | 306篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 50篇 |
2020年 | 44篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 65篇 |
2017年 | 59篇 |
2016年 | 58篇 |
2015年 | 62篇 |
2014年 | 98篇 |
2013年 | 145篇 |
2012年 | 208篇 |
2011年 | 226篇 |
2010年 | 131篇 |
2009年 | 101篇 |
2008年 | 216篇 |
2007年 | 187篇 |
2006年 | 220篇 |
2005年 | 228篇 |
2004年 | 222篇 |
2003年 | 200篇 |
2002年 | 216篇 |
2001年 | 47篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 64篇 |
1997年 | 45篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 42篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 31篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 32篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 36篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 39篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 30篇 |
1977年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1970年 | 17篇 |
1940年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有4053条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Monoclonal antibody K1 reacts with epithelial mesothelioma but not with lung adenocarcinoma. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
K Chang L H Pai H Pass H W Pogrebniak M S Tsao I Pastan M C Willingham 《The American journal of surgical pathology》1992,16(3):259-268
Immunoperoxidase histochemical staining of cryostat sections from human tumor tissues revealed that a murine monoclonal antibody (MAb), K1, can distinguish epithelial mesotheliomas from lung adenocarcinomas. All of 15 epithelial-type mesotheliomas and all four mixed type mesothelioma samples, but none of 23 lung adenocarcinomas with different degrees of histologic differentiation demonstrated reactivity with antibody K1. Of the cell populations in each mesothelioma tested, 80% to 100% showed strong and homogeneous staining with MAb K1. Immunofluorescence analysis of live cultured cells from an epithelioid mesothelioma (H-meso) and several lung carcinoma cell lines as well as a pleural effusion of a patient with mesothelioma also showed selective reactivity of K1 with the mesothelioma cells. These data indicate that K1 can be useful as a mesothelial cell marker for the differential pathological diagnosis of the epithelial form of mesothelioma; K1 may also be useful in the study of the pathogenesis, immunodiagnosis, and immunotherapy of epithelial-type and mixed-type human malignant mesothelioma. 相似文献
12.
Ira Finegold 《Allergy and asthma proceedings》2007,28(6):698-705
Although immunotherapy has documented short- and long-term benefits with regard to treatment of allergies and asthma as well as reducing development of new allergies and preventing progression of allergic rhinitis to asthma, the age to begin subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy appears established at the age of 5 years by published guidelines for treatment. The rationale for this age limit was examined and found to not reflect actual immunotherapy practice. Reasons for considering a downward revision are explored in this article. The conclusions from this review of past data and some recent studies with young children, especially with asthma, suggest that there is a need to consider beginning allergen immunotherapy earlier than the age of 5 years in more children. 相似文献
13.
Steven R. Alexander Gerald S. Arbus Khalid M. H. Butt Susan Conley Richard N. Fine Ira Greifer Alan B. Gruskin William E. Harmon Paul T. McEnery Thomas E. Nevins Nadia Nogueira Oscar Salvatierra Jr Amir Tejani 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1990,4(5):542-553
This report of the North American Pediatric Transplant Cooperative Study summarizes data contributed by 57 participating centers on 754 children with 761 transplants from 1 January 1989 to 16 February 1989. Data collection was initiated in October 1987 and follow-up of all patients is ongoing. Transplant frequency increased with age; 24% of the patients were less than 5 years, with 7% being under 2 years. Common frequent diagnoses were: aplastic/dysplastic kidneys (18%), obstructive uropathy (16%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (12%). Preemptive transplant, i.e., transplantation without prior maintenance dialysis, was performed in 21% of the patients. Dialytic modalities pretransplant were peritoneal dialysis in 42% and hemodialysis in 25%. Bilateral nephrectomy was reported in 29%. Live-donor sources accounted for 42% of the transplants. Among cadaveric donors, 41% of the donors were under 11 years old. During the first post-transplant month, maintenance therapy was used similarly for live-donor and cadaver source transplants, with prednisone, cyclosporine, and azathioprine used in 93%, 83%, and 81%, respectively. Triple therapy with prednisone, cyclosporine, and azathioprine was used in 78%, 75%, and 75% of functioning cadaver source transplants at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months as opposed to 60%, 63%, and 54% for live-donor procedures, with single-drug therapy being uncommon. Rehospitalization during months 1–5 occurred in 62% of the patients, with treatment of rejection and infection being the main causes. Additionally, 9% were hospitalized for hypertension. During months 6–12 and 12–17, 30% and 28% of the patients with functioning grafts were rehospitalized. Times to first rejection differed significantly for cadaver and live-donor transplants. The median time to the first rejection was 36 days for cadaver transplants and 156 days for live-donor transplants. Overall, 57% of treated rejections were completely reversible although the complete reversal rate decreased to 37% for four or more rejections. One hundred and fifty-two graft failures had occurred at the time of writing, with a 1-year graft survival estimate of 0.88 for live-donor and 0.71 for cadaver source transplants. In addition to donor source, recipient age is a significant prognostic factor for graft survival. Among cadaver donors, decreasing donor age is associated with a decreasing probability of graft survival. Thirty-five deaths have occurred; 16 attributed to infection and 19 to other causes. The current 1-year survival estimate is 0.94. There have been 9 malignancies.A list of all participating centers and the names of the investigators is printed on pages 552–553 相似文献
14.
Janet R. Hankin James J. Sloan Ira J. Firestone Joel W. Ager Robert J. Sokol Susan S. Martier Joyce Townsend 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1993,17(2):428-430
This article presents data on the awareness of the alcohol beverage warning label among a sample of 5,169 inner city African-American gravidas seeking prenatal care. While the label law was implemented in November 1989, a significant increase in knowledge of the label did not occur until March 1990. Women who predominantly consumed wine coolers and beer, and those under age 30 were more likely to know about the label than their counterparts. 相似文献
15.
K Chang I Pastan M C Willingham 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》1992,51(4):548-554
K1 is a murine monoclonal antibody (MAb) derived from a hybridoma generated by the fusion of splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with a human ovarian tumor cell line, OVCAR-3. This antibody reacts strongly with epithelial ovarian tumors and mesotheliomas. The antigen recognized by MAb K1, designated CAK1, has recently been characterized as a 40-kDa protein probably anchored to the cell surface by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol. Using immunoperoxidase histochemical methods, we examined 37 squamous-cell carcinoma (SqCC) samples from cervix, lung, esophagus and other origins, and 12 normal squamous epithelia of the cervix and esophagus for their reactivity with MAb K1. Of the SqCC specimens, 81% showed K1 reactivity with variable intensity, but none of 12 normal tissue samples of squamous epithelia did so. Two patterns of CAK1 expression in tumor samples were found, i.e., a heterogeneous pattern with strong intensity, and a homogeneous pattern with weak intensity. Three carcinomas in situ of the larynx, vulva and esophagus were moderately positive with K1, suggesting that CAK1 antigen may occur in the early stage of carcinogenesis of SqCC. The expression of CAK1 was also compared with expression of CA125, HER-2/neu, p53 and P-glycoprotein, and MAb K1 was found to react most consistently with SqCC. Since K1 reacts with a majority of cervical and esophageal carcinomas but has no detectable reactivity in normal epithelia of the cervix uteri and esophagus, MAb K1 could be of value as a reagent to help distinguish between normal and neoplastic cells on sections as well as in cytological samples. 相似文献
16.
17.
Jonathan Rabinowitz Michael Davidson Peter Paul De Deyn Ira Katz Henry Brodaty Jiska Cohen-Mansfield 《The American journal of geriatric psychiatry》2005,13(11):991-998
OBJECTIVE: Limited work has addressed the construct validity of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in nursing home patients. The authors tested the CMAI factor structure by use of data from three samples of nursing home patients categorized a priori as having at least mild behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. METHODS: CMAI data were from the baseline assessment of three randomized, placebo-controlled trials of risperidone for treating elderly nursing home patients. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted on two trials (N = 304; N = 344), and the results of these exploratory factor analyses were then tested with confirmatory factor analysis by use of data from a third trial (N = 617). RESULTS: Principal-components analysis suggested the presence of four factors: 1) Aggressive Behavior (hitting, kicking, scratching, biting, pushing, grabbing, throwing things, cursing or verbal aggression, spitting, tearing things/destroying property, hurting self or others, screaming); 2) Physically Non-Aggressive Behavior (pacing, trying to get to a different place, general restlessness, inappropriate dressing or disrobing, handling things inappropriately, performing repetitious mannerisms); 3) Verbally Agitated Behavior (complaining, constant requests for attention, repetitive questions, negativism); and 4) Hiding and Hoarding. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor solution was a reasonable fit to the data. CONCLUSION: Four factors emerged on the CMAI in nursing home patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. The results obtained converge reasonably with previous publications concerning the factor structure of the CMAI, which, taken together, suggest a fairly robust factor structure for the instrument. 相似文献
18.
19.
Douglas Wholey PhD ; Ira Moscovice PhD ; Terry Hietpas PharmD ; Jeremy Holtzman MD MS 《The Journal of rural health》2004,20(4):304-313
The environmental context of patient safety and medical errors was explored with specific interest in rural settings. Special attention was paid to unique features of rural: healthcare organizations and their environment that relate to the patient safety issue and medical errors (including the distribution of patients, types of adverse events associated with learning, information flows, triage and transfer decisions, and culture of safety). Relevant organizational theories and strategies fo medical error reduction and prevention in rural health care settings were identified. Financial and technical assistance are needed to support the systematic collection of data from rural hospitals and other entities and to enhance relevant patient safety practices for rural America. 相似文献
20.
Ira D. Zinner DDS MSD Stanley A. Small DDS † Curtis E. Jansen DDS ‡ Francis V. Panno DDS § 《Journal of prosthodontics》1996,5(3):158-165
Problems that can occur when single implants are utilized to restore first molar teeth include the frequent loosening of screws, as well as screws and/or implant breakage. These may result from torquing and rotational movements of the prosthesis during masticatory and parafunctional mandibular movements. When sufficient bone and mesio-distal restorative space is present, the placement of two implants should be considered. 相似文献