In this article we present a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) associated with eosinophilia, in which the eosinophilia preceded a meningeal and bone-marrow relapse of ALL. We analysed the purine and pyrimidine nucleotide content of the eosinophils (92% pure) and compared the nucleotide pattern with that of eosinophils from healthy donors and from patients with eosinophilia not associated with leukemia. The ratios of purine : pyrimidine and of uracil :cytosine nucleotides were decreased compared with those in eosinophils from healthy donors and from patients with eosinophilia with other aetiologies. The total nucleotide concentration was increased, especially the concentration of UDP-sugars and pyrimidine nucleotides.
The decrease in these ratios and the increase in concentration of the nucleotides and the UDPsugars were also detected in leukemic cells of patients with ALL (de Korte et al., Leukemia Res. 10, 389–396 (1986)) compared to normal lymphocytes. We suggest a malignant character of the eosinophils in our patient with ALL associated with eosinophilia, in contrast with the nonmalignant state suggested previously for these cells. 相似文献
Androgen receptor synthesis and modification were studied in the human LNCaP cell line. Immunoblotting with a specific polyclonal antibody showed that the androgen receptor migrated as a closely spaced 110–112 kDa doublet on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels. Most of the receptor protein is present in the higher molecular mass form. Pulse labelling experiments with [35S]methionine showed that the androgen receptor is synthesized as a single 110 kDa protein which is rapidly converted to a 112 kDa protein. Alkaline phosphatase treatment of cytosols from [35S]methionine pulse labelled cells caused a gradual elimination of the 112 kDa isoform with a concomitant increase of the 110 kDa isoform. This indicates that the observed 110 to 112 kDa upshift of the newly synthesized androgen receptor reflects receptor phosphorylation. Both isoforms can bind hormone and can undergo a hormone dependent transformation to a tight nuclear binding form, indicating that the 110 to 112 kDa conversion is not an obligatory step for hormone binding or receptor transformation. 相似文献
RFLP studies were done in 82 (75%) of all known hemophilia A families in the Finnish population (approximately 5 million). Two intragenic RFLPs (Bc1I/F8A, XbaI/p482.6) and two extragenic markers (TaqI/St14, Bg1II/DX13) were used. Among 263 females at risk, carriership could be evaluated with an intragenic marker in 47% and with an extragenic marker in 26%. In 27% of the females, carriership could be neither excluded nor confirmed; 68% of these females were relatives of an isolated patient. Eight recombinations between the factor VIII gene (F8C) and DXS52 (lod 25.02 at theta max 0.06), eight recombinations between F8C and DXS15 (lod 21.91 at theta max 0.05), and two recombinations between DXS52 and DXS15 (lod 33.56 at theta max 0.01) were found. Using multipoint linkage analysis, the most likely order of loci supported by the data was: F8C-DXS15-DXS52-DXS134. RFLP segregation analysis provides a highly useful method of carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A, but its limitations must be carefully taken into account. 相似文献
A comparison was performed between technetium-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion tomography at baseline and after nitrate administration, using a 2-day protocol, and rest-reinjection thallium-201 single-photon emission tomography (SPET) studies in order to assess whether nitrates enhance the detection of viable myocardium with99mTc-tetrofosmin. Fifteen patients with coronary artery disease, previous myocardial infarction and a left ventricular ejection fraction <40% underwent201T1 rest-injection and99mTc-tetrofosmin. baseline-postnitroglycerin (0.4 mg sublingually) SPET studies, within 48 h. Tomograms based on the three spatial planes were divided into 15 segments and regional tracer uptake was quantitatively analysed. Viability was defined as presence of tracer uptake >50% of peak activity on baseline studies or after reversibility. The percentage of peak activity of99mTc-tetrofosmin at baseline correlated with that of 201T1 (r=0.82,P <0.001). On baseline99mTc-tetrofosmin studies, 73 of the 225 segments that were analysed had <50% of peal. activity. Fifteen percent of these segments showed reversibility after nitrate administration, with an increase in99mTc-tetrofosmin uptake from 40%±9% to 57%±9% of peak activity (P=0.003). All reversible segments after nitrate administration had viability criteria on201Tl studies, but 20 segments that were non-viable on99mTc-tetrofosmin. studies were viable on201Tl studies. Using a threshold value of >40% of peak activity, only seven segments remained non-viable on99mTc-tetrofosmin studies. Overall agreement between99mTc-tetrofosmin with nitrates and201Tl-reinjection regarding the presence of myocardial viability was 90%. Detection of myocardial viability with99mTc-tetrofosmin. was enhanced after nitrate administration, correlating with viability criteria observed on thallium studies. 相似文献
Background: It has been suspected that synthetic colloids may interfere with leukocyte adhesion by down-regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Although inhibition of endothelial inflammation might reduce leukocyte-related tissue injury, the same mechanism may be detrimental for host defense during severe infection. Regarding the widespread use of colloids, the authors performed a laboratory investigation to determine the mechanisms by which synthetic colloids interfere with leukocyte-endothelial interactions.
Methods: Adhesion molecule expression on native and cytokine-activated endothelium from umbilical veins was measured after pretreatment with gelatin and various preparations of dextran or hydroxyethyl starch. Inhibition of neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelium was examined in a flow chamber by perfusion of untreated and colloid-treated neutrophils over colloid-pretreated endothelium at 2 dyn/cm2. Comparisons were made between untreated controls, colloid-pretreated endothelium, and colloid-cotreated neutrophils.
Results: Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, E-selectin, and P-selectin were not attenuated by any colloid. Accordingly, colloid pretreatment of endothelium alone did not reduce neutrophil adhesion. In contrast, when neutrophils were cotreated by addition of colloids to the perfusate immediately before perfusion, adhesion decreased by 31-51% (P < 0.05) regardless of the colloid type. As indicated by the twofold increased rolling fractions, this reduction was due to an inhibition of neutrophil integrins. 相似文献
The purpose of this study was to compare different kinetic and semi-quantitative methods for analysing human [18F]FP-beta-CIT studies: plasma input models, simplified (SRTM) and full (FRTM) reference tissue models, standard uptake values (SUV) and SUV ratios (SUVr). Both simulations and clinical evaluations were performed to determine the effects of noise, scan duration and blood volume on Akaike model selection, and on precision and accuracy of estimated parameters. For typical noise levels (COV approximately 2.5%) and scan durations (<90 mins), simulations provided poor fits (Akaike criterion) in case of reversible plasma input models showing a relatively high number of outliers compared with the two-tissue irreversible model. Reference tissue models provided more reliable fits, which were nearly independent of noise and scan duration. For clinical data, two tissue irreversible and reversible plasma input models fitted striatum curves equally well (Akaike criterion). BP with plasma input models were less precise and contained more outliers than BP obtained with SRTM or FRTM. Among all methods tested, SRTM showed the highest contrast between patients and controls. When differentiating between patients and controls, SUVr performed almost equally well as SRTM, although contrast between striatum and background was lower. In conclusion, SRTM provided BP estimates with the highest precision and accuracy. Moreover, SRTM provided good contrast between patients and controls, and between striatum and background. SRTM is therefore the method of choice for quantitative [18F]FP-beta-CIT studies. SUVr might be an alternative for larger clinical trials. 相似文献
BACKGROUND: Sevelamer hydrochloride was recently proposed as a phosphate binder to prevent hypercalcaemia in place of calcium alkaline salts in dialysis patients. So far, it has been evaluated only in patients receiving calcitriol, without comparison with CaCO(3) alone, although the latter was found to be as effective as the combination of calcitriol and Al(OH)(3) in suppressing parathyroid hormone (PTH) without inducing hypercalcaemia and to have a better lowering effect on serum phosphate. Moreover, this bile salt binder may decrease serum 25-OH vitamin D. Therefore, we compared for 5 months two strategies for controlling moderate hyperparathyroidism: CaCO(3) alone vs sevelamer in conjunction with measures to increase calcium balance. METHODS: Forty-two patients were randomized: 21 continued their treatment with 4.8 g/day CaCO(3) and 21 were switched to sevelamer (initial dose: 2.4 g/day, increased to 4.4 g/day). Each month, when serum-corrected calcium decreased below 2.30 mmol/l, dialysate calcium was increased or alphacalcidol was given at each dialysis session, according to serum PO(4) levels. The following parameters were monitored: serum Ca, PO(4), bicarbonate and protein, weekly; and serum PTH, 25-OH vitamin D and total, LDL and HDL cholesterol monthly. RESULTS: Except for higher serum phosphate at month 1, lower serum bicarbonate at month 2 and lower LDL cholesterol at month 5 in the sevelamer group, no difference was found between the two groups. Compared with baseline levels, PTH increased and 25-OH vitamin D decreased significantly in both groups, these two parameters being inversely correlated. CONCLUSIONS: Given comparable control of plasma calcium, phosphate and 25-OH vitamin D, PTH control is comparable in both strategies. Sevelamer does not induce greater vitamin D depletion than CaCO(3). The transient decrease of serum bicarbonate after discontinuation of CaCO(3) in the sevelamer group suggests a less optimal prevention of acidosis. The sevelamer-induced decrease in LDL cholesterol gives this drug a potential advantage in cardiovascular prevention. 相似文献
Patients' health status as well as patients' judgements of care are used for assessing patients' perspectives, but the relation between those two concepts is unclear. In this study we explored whether health status predicts patients' judgements of the quality of general practice care. Hand-distributed and mailed surveys were performed by 28 general practitioners in The Netherlands. Chronically ill patients were approached when visiting the general practice or drawn from the practice registers. Health status was measured by WONCA/COOP charts, and patients' judgements by the CEP, a previously validated questionnaire. The response rate was 63% (n=762). When controlled for other patient characteristics, a poor overall health predicted less positive judgements of medical care, information, counselling, relation and communication, continuity of care and the organization of appointments (p[lessthan]0.01). Poor mental well-being predicted less positive judgements of the cooperation between care providers and a stronger need for more care (p[lessthan]0.001). The four other aspects of health status did not predict the patients' judgements. Judgements about the premises and the availability for emergencies were not predicted by health status. It can be concluded that a multidimensional approach should be used for interpreting the relations between patients' health status and their judgements of general practice care. 相似文献