Sonographic appearance of uterine lymphoma: Case report and review of the literature

Uterine lymphoma is rare and tends to be misdiagnosed due to lack of specific radiologic features. Few reports have been published on the sonographic characteristics of uterine lymphoma. We present a case report of uterine lymphoma manifested by a fast growing uterus and describe the sonographic findings. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 43 :59–63, 2015     

Role of leisure-time physical activity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study

Physical activity (PA) is commonly recommended for nonalchoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. However, there is limited evidence on the independent role of PA in NAFLD. The aim of this study was to examine the association between PA and NAFLD. We conducted a cross-sectional study of a subsample (n = 375) of the Israeli National Health and Nutrition Survey. Exclusion criteria were any known etiology for liver disease. Participants underwent an abdominal ultrasound examination; biochemical tests, including leptin, adiponectin, and resistin; and the noninvasive biomarker SteatoTest and anthropometric evaluations. A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and a detailed PA questionnaire were administered. Three hundred forty-nine patients (52.7% men, 30.9% primary NAFLD) were included. The NAFLD group engaged in less aerobic, resistance, or other kinds of PA (P 相似文献   

The Role of PTHrP in Pancreatic Beta-Cells and Implications for Diabetes Pathophysiology and Treatment

Diabetes is one of the fastest growing diseases worldwide, with an immense economic and health burden attached. It is now well accepted that a deficiency of functional insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells is the main cause for all forms of diabetes. Several approaches are being taken to increase functional beta-cell mass. These include differentiation of new beta-cells from stem cells or progenitor cells, transdifferentiation of beta-cells from other mature cell types, as well as finding ways to enhance the function, proliferation, survival, and regeneration of preexisting beta-cells. This article enumerates on the role of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its mode of action on pancreatic beta-cell function, proliferation, and survival in rodents as well as in human beta-cells. A further understanding of the mechanism of action of PTHrP and its role in the normal physiology and pathophysiology of the beta-cell will be important for its potential use in future as a therapeutic treatment for diabetes.     

The CANSAS Self-report for Screening of Needs in Outpatients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders

The importance of needs assessment for service development has been widely recognized. In this study we examined the agreement between the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule self-report version (CANSAS-P) and the Camberwell Assessment of Need interview-based scale in 100 outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders. We found equivalent number of met, unmet, and no needs for most of the domains of the two instruments. Both intraclass correlations and Kappa reliability coefficients were high for most need domains. The high agreement between the two instruments suggests that the CANSAS-P can be used as a screening tool to detect unmet needs in both clinical routine practice and research surveys in mental health outpatient settings.     

The increased risk for pneumocystis pneumonia in patients receiving rituximab-CHOP-14 can be prevented by the administration of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole: a single-center experience

Recent studies suggest an increased risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in adults receiving short-interval rituximab-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) therapy for diffuse large cell B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This retrospective study evaluates precise PJP incidence and the efficacy of anti-PJP prophylaxis in DLBCL. Patients with DLBCL, aged ≥18 years and treated between December 2004 and December 2010, were included. Details of treatment-related respiratory infections, focusing on PJP incidence, risk factors and prophylaxis, were assessed. A total of 132 patients were analyzed; 47 were treated with rituximab-CHOP therapy every 21 days (R-CHOP-21) and 85 were treated every 14 days (R-CHOP-14). The incidence of treatment-related respiratory infections was higher in patients receiving R-CHOP-14. PJP was diagnosed in 5 patients: 4 in the R-CHOP-14 (6.6%) and 1 in the R-CHOP-21 cohort (2.6%), using triplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for PJ in bronchoalveolar fluid. None of the patients receiving P.jirovecii prophylaxis (n = 33) developed PJP, compared with 6.6% of those treated with R-CHOP-14 without such prophylaxis. An older age and R-CHOP administered every 14 rather than every 21 days increased the PJP risk. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis is found to be highly efficient in preventing this life-threatening complication and, therefore, should be recommended for patients receiving the R-CHOP-14 regimen.     

Differential Impact of Executive Function on Visual Memory Tasks

Despite their common use in neuropsychological evaluation, little is known about the differential contribution of executive functioning to visual memory tests. In this study, hierarchical regression was used to determine the role of executive functioning on the Visual Reproduction subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale—Third Edition, and the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) in a mixed neurological sample of 193 patients. Executive functioning was predictive of Visual Reproduction but not ROCF recall variables after accounting for demographic variables and global cognitive functioning. Only executive tests with a visuospatial component, the Trail-Making Test Part B and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test perseverative responses, were predictive of recall of Visual Reproduction stimuli. Organization of the ROCF was predictive of both Visual Reproduction and ROCF recall. These findings increase our understanding of the executive contribution to two common visual memory tests and may aid in the clinical interpretation of seemingly discrepant visual memory performance.     

Obesity with associated developmental delay and/or learning disability in patients exhibiting additional features: Report of novel pathogenic copy number variants

Obesity is a major threat to public health worldwide, and there is now mounting evidence favoring a role for the central nervous system (CNS) in weight control. A causal relationship has been recognized in both monogenic (e.g., BDNF, TRKB, and SIM1 deficiencies) and syndromic forms of obesity [e.g., Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS)]. Syndromic obesity arising from chromosomal abnormalities, that typically also affect learning and development, are often associated with congenital malformations and behavioral characteristics. We report on nine unrelated patients with a diagnosis of learning disability and/or developmental delay (DD) in addition to obesity that were found to have copy number variants (CNVs) by single nucleotide polymorphism array‐based analysis. Each patient also had a distinct and complex phenotype, and most had hypotonia and other neuroendocrine issues, such as hyperphagia and hypogonadism. Molecular and clinical characterization of these patients enabled us to determine with confidence that the CNVs we observed were pathogenic or likely to be pathogenic. Overall, the CNVs reported here encompassed a candidate gene or region (e.g., SIM1) that has been reported in patients associating obesity and DD and/or intellectual disability (ID) and novel candidate genes and regions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Kidney function and retinol status in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Kidneys play an important role in retinol turnover. We postulated that retinol homeostasis is disturbed in diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this research was to study the effect of kidney impairment on urinary excretion and on serum concentrations of retinol in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. For this purpose, 41 type 2 diabetes patients and 9 sex -and age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Serum and urinary retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The study showed that 17 out of 41 diabetic patients (41.5%) and none of the controls excreted retinol in urine (P < 0.02). Retinol excretion in the urine in these patients was 1.5-fold more prevalent than hypercreatininemia. Urinary retinol significantly correlated with clinically diagnosed nephropathy (P = 0.02). All but one of the patients with hypercreatininemia excreted retinol in the urine. Serum retinol and RBP in patients with hypercreatininemia were higher than in controls (P < 0.002). Values of urinary retinol, unlike urinary RBP, albumin and total protein, did not overlap between patients and controls. Our results indicate that (i) urinary retinol is a specific sign of tubular damage in type 2 diabetic patients and (ii) urinary retinol enables a more clear-cut identification of proximal tubule dysfunction in type 2 diabetes patients than urinary RBP or albumin.