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61.
62.
S. C. Kim Y. T. Moon Y. P. Hong T. K. Hwang S. H. Choi K. J. Kim C. K. Sul T. C. Park Y. G. Kim K. S. Park 《Journal of Korean medical science》1998,13(2):138-146
To estimate the prevalence of urinary stone disease in Koreans, and to determine the inter-relationships between urinary stone disease and various epidemiological factors, 1,521 controls and 1,177 cases with urinary stones were evaluated. Of special interest in this study were: 1) proportion of past urinary stone history among controls; 1.9% 2) the point prevalence rate of urinary stones among controls; 0.2% 3) the recurrence rate of urinary stones (the proportion of past history of urinary stone) among cases; 56.8% 4) high incidences (76.3%) in the thirties to the fifties among cases 5) the risk factors for urolithogenesis; obesity [higher than 25 of BMI (body mass index, weight/height2)], more than 10 year-experience as a production worker, past stone history, familial stone history, low physical activity (< 2,000 Kcal/day), and low intake of fruit. However, the well-known risk factors for urinary stones; over intake of meat or fish and milk or dairy products, perspiration, amount and kind of drinking water, and stress unexpectedly were not significantly different between the controls and the cases. 相似文献
63.
Bedside to bench and back again: how animal models are guiding the development of new immunotherapies for cancer 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Finkelstein SE Heimann DM Klebanoff CA Antony PA Gattinoni L Hinrichs CS Hwang LN Palmer DC Spiess PJ Surman DR Wrzesiniski C Yu Z Rosenberg SA Restifo NP 《Journal of leukocyte biology》2004,76(2):333-337
Immunotherapy using adoptive cell transfer is a promising approach that can result in the regression of bulky, invasive cancer in some patients. However, currently available therapies remain less successful than desired. To study the mechanisms of action and possible improvements in cell-transfer therapies, we use a murine model system with analogous components to the treatment of patients. T cell receptor transgenic CD8+ T cells (pmel-1) specifically recognizing the melanocyte differentiation antigen gp100 are adoptively transferred into lympho-depleted mice bearing large, established, 14-day subcutaneous B16 melanoma (0.5-1 cm in diameter) on the day of treatment. Adoptive cell transfer in combination with interleukin interleukin-2 or interleukin-15 cytokine administration and vaccination using an altered form of the target antigen, gp100, can result in the complete and durable regression of large tumor burdens. Complete responders frequently develop autoimmunity with vitiligo at the former tumor site that often spreads to involve the whole coat. These findings have important implications for the design of immunotherapy trials in humans. 相似文献
64.
Jonathan D Darer Wenke Hwang Hoangmai H Pham Eric B Bass Gerard Anderson 《Academic medicine》2004,79(6):541-548
PURPOSE: Although more than 125 million North Americans have one or more chronic conditions, medical training may not adequately prepare physicians to care for them. The authors evaluated physicians' perceptions of the adequacy of their chronic illness care training to and the effects of training on their attitudes toward care of persons with chronic conditions. METHOD: In November 2000 through June 2001, the authors surveyed by telephone a random sample of U.S. physicians who had > or =20 hours of patient contact per week. The interview instrument examined demographics, career satisfaction, practice characteristics, perceived adequacy of chronic illness care training in ten competencies (geriatric syndromes, chronic pain, nutrition, developmental milestones, end-of-life care, psychosocial issues, patient education, assessment of caregiver needs, coordination of services, and interdisciplinary teamwork), and effect of training on attitudes toward chronic illness care. RESULTS: Of 1,905 eligible physicians, 1,236 (65%) responded (270 family or general practitioners, 231 internists, 129 pediatricians, 335 nonsurgical specialists, and 271 surgeons). Most physicians reported their chronic disease training was less than adequate for all ten competencies. Family practitioners were more likely (p <.05) to report adequate training in seven competencies compared with internists, and in two to four competencies when compared with pediatricians, nonsurgical specialists, or surgeons. Most physicians reported that training had a positive effect on attitudes toward care of people with chronic conditions, including the ability to make a difference in their lives (74-84%). CONCLUSIONS: Physicians perceived their medical training for chronic illness care was inadequate. Medical schools and residencies may need to modify curricula to better prepare physicians to treat the growing number of people with chronic conditions. 相似文献
65.
Bong Hyo Lee Rong Jie Zhao Jin Young Moon Seong Shoon Yoon Jung-Ae Kim Heeduk An Young Kyu Kwon Meeyul Hwang Seong Hun Choi Insop Shim Bong Hyun Kim Chae Ha Yang 《Neuroscience letters》2008
In our previous study we demonstrated that acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points suppressed a decrease of accumbal dopamine (DA) release in ethanol-withdrawn rats. Furthermore, here we found that it inhibited behavioral withdrawal signs of ethanol. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms underlying this inhibition, the potential role of GABA receptor system in acupuncture was investigated. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with 3 g/kg/day of ethanol (20%, w/v) or saline by intraperitoneal injection for 21 days. Following 48 or 72 h of ethanol withdrawal, acupuncture was applied at bilateral HT7 for 1 min. The selective GABAA antagonist bicuculline and the selective GABAB antagonist SCH 50911 were injected intraperitoneally 20 min before acupuncture, respectively. Importantly, suppressive effects of acupuncture on DA deficiency were completely abolished by SCH 50911, but not by bicuculline, whereas ameliorating effects of acupuncture on ethanol withdrawal syndrome were completely blocked either by SCH 50911 or bicuculline. These results suggest that acupuncture at specific acupoint HT7 may normalize the DA release in the mesolimbic system and attenuate withdrawal syndrome through the GABAB receptor system in ethanol-withdrawn rats. 相似文献
66.
Yu-Li Liu Cathy Shen-Jang Fann Chih-Min Liu Jer-Yuarn Wu Shuen-Iu Hung Hung-Yu Chan Jiahn-Jyh Chen Chin-Yu Lin Shih-Kai Liu Ming H Hsieh Tzung-Jeng Hwang Wen-Chen Ouyang Chun-Ying Chen Jin-Jia Lin Frank Huang-Chih Chou Ching-Mo Chueh Wei-Ming Liu Ming-Min Tsuang Stephen V Faraone Ming T Tsuang Wei J Chen Hai-Gwo Hwu 《American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics》2006,(4):418-420
Several studies have suggested that the regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) may be a positional and functional candidate gene for schizophrenia. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located at the promoter region (SNP4 and SNP7) and the intron 1 (SNP18) of RGS4 have been verified in different ethnic groups. Positive results have been reported in these SNPs with different numbers of SNP combinatory haplotypes. In this study, these three SNP markers were genotyped in 218 schizophrenia pedigrees of Taiwan (864 individuals) for association analysis. Among these three SNPs, neither SNP4, SNP7, SNP18 has shown significant association with schizophrenia in single locus association analysis, nor any compositions of the three SNP haplotypes has shown significantly associations with the DSM-IV diagnosed schizophrenia. Our results fail to support the RGS4 as a candidate gene for schizophrenia when evaluated from these three SNP markers. 相似文献
67.
I. C. Park S. Y. Lee D. G. Jeon J. S. Lee C. S. Hwang B. G. Hwang S. H. Lee W. S. Hong S. I. Hong 《Journal of Korean medical science》1996,11(2):144-148
Cathepsin L is a kind of cystein proteases which are known to facilitate the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells by degrading the components of basement membrane and extracellular matrix. This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of cathepsin L by Northern blot analysis with radiolabeled cDNA specific for cathepsin L in six normal tissues, two osteosarcoma cell lines, MG-63 and Saos-2, six primary bone tumors and six metastatic bone tumors. In six normal tissues, the highest level of cathepsin L was expressed in liver with the descending order of liver > lung > thymus > ovary > kidney > esophagus. One of the two osteosarcoma cell lines established from the primary sites expressed a high level of cathepsin L mRNA. Out of six primary bone tumors, three (50%) expressed cathepsin L mRNA, while all (100%) of six metastatic bone tumors expressed the mRNA. These results demonstrating the higher frequency of expression of cathepsin L in metastatic bone tumors suggest that cathepsin L may participate in tumor invasion and metastasis. 相似文献
68.
69.
Detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in human fragmented embryos 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
Yang HW; Hwang KJ; Kwon HC; Kim HS; Choi KW; Oh KS 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(4):998-1002
In human in-vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer, the in-vitro culture
environment differs from in-vivo conditions in that the oxygen
concentration is higher, and in such conditions the mouse embryos show a
higher concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in simple culture
media. ROS are believed to cause damage to cell membranes and DNA
fragmentation in somatic cells. This study was conducted to ascertain the
level of H2O2 concentration within embryos and the morphological features
of cell damage induced by H2O2. A total of 62 human oocytes and embryos (31
fragmented, 15 non-fragmented embryos, 16 unfertilized oocytes) was
obtained from the IVF-embryo transfer programme. The relative intensity of
H2O2 concentrations within embryos was measured using
2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate by Quanti cell 500 fluorescence
imaging and DNA fragmentation was observed with transmission electron
microscopy and an in-situ apoptosis detection kit. The H2O2 concentrations
were significantly higher in fragmented embryos (72.21 +/- 9.62, mean +/-
SEM) compared to non-fragmented embryos (31.30 +/- 3.50, P < 0.05) and
unfertilized oocytes (30.75 +/- 2.67, P < 0.05). Apoptosis was observed
only in fragmented embryos, and was absent in non-fragmented embryos.
Electron microscopic findings confirmed apoptotic bodies and cytoplasmic
condensation in the fragmented blastomeres. We conclude that there is a
direct relationship between increased H2O2 concentration and apoptosis, and
that further studies should be undertaken to confirm these findings.
相似文献
70.
High throughput parallel analysis of hundreds of patient samples for more than 100 mutations in multiple disease genes 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Shuber AP; Michalowsky LA; Nass GS; Skoletsky J; Hire LM; Kotsopoulos SK; Phipps MF; Barberio DM; Klinger KW 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(3):337-347
As more mutations are identified in genes of known sequence, there is a
crucial need in the areas of medical genetics and genome analysis for
rapid, accurate and cost-effective methods of mutation detection. We have
developed a multiplex allele-specific diagnostic assay (MASDA) for analysis
of large numbers of samples (> 500) simultaneously for a large number of
known mutations (> 100) in a single assay. MASDA utilizes
oligonucleotide hybridization to interrogate DNA sequences. Multiplex DNA
samples are immobilized on a solid support and a single hybridization is
performed with a pool of allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes. Any
probes complementary to specific mutations present in a given sample are in
effect affinity purified from the pool by the target DNA. Sequence-specific
band patterns (fingerprints), generated by chemical or enzymatic sequencing
of the bound ASO(s), easily identify the specific mutation(s). Using this
design, in a single diagnostic assay, we tested samples for 66 cystic
fibrosis (CF) mutations, 14 beta-thalassemia mutations, two sickle cell
anemia (SCA) mutations, three Tay-Sachs mutations, eight Gaucher mutations,
four mutations in Canavan disease, four mutations in Fanconi anemia, and
five mutations in BRCA1. Each mutation was correctly identified. Finally,
in a blinded study of 106 of these mutations in > 500 patients, all
mutations were properly identified. There were no false positives or false
negatives. The MASDA assay is capable of detecting point mutations as well
as small insertion or deletion mutations. This technology is amenable to
automation and is suitable for immediate utilization for high-throughput
genetic diagnostics in clinical and research laboratories.
相似文献