安替可胶囊物效基础研究进展

安替可胶囊由蟾皮和当归配伍组成,临床上大量用于食管癌、胃癌、肝癌和肠癌等癌症。近年来,蟾皮的抗肿瘤作用越来越受到关注,但目前多为化学成分研究,体内药代及药效机制研究甚少;当归在方中常用,各方面研究较为清楚,现阶段研究多为配伍后的组方原理。综述了安替可胶囊及其组方中单味药蟾皮、当归的化学成分、药理作用及体内药代等情况,籍此对比配伍前后成分变化的研究,探讨其物质基础及药效机制,阐明组方原理,对创制分子中药、促进中药现代化具有重要意义。     

南昌市一起新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情传播链分析

目的 通过对南昌市一起新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）聚集性疫情调查,分析传播过程及病例发病前和无症状感染者的传染性,了解不同接触方式的传播风险。方法 通过传统流行病学调查,结合大数据轨迹开展病例调查,用传播链示意图展示传播关系。结果 传播关联病例27例,其中确诊病例25例,疑似病例1例（指征病例）,无症状感染者1例。搜索到密切接触者347人,密切接触者的感染率为7.2%（25/347）,其中,一代、二代、三代和四代病例的密切接触者感染率分别为52.6%（10/19）、6.1%（13/213）、2.3%（2/88）和0.0%（0/27）。无症状感染者能引起家庭内传播,与病例同餐、同住/同屋、工作接触、邻居间接触、诊疗护理/同病房和同一交通工具的密切接触者的感染率分别为10.6%（17/160）、10.0%（20/201）、5.3%（5/94）、0.0%（0/30）、0.0%（0/18）和0.0%（0/17）。结论 此次疫情传染源为来自武汉市的疑似病例D某,轨迹大数据分析可以帮助精准搜索病例和密切接触者,此次调查的基础上,提出的针对疫情防控措施有效。     

白鲜皮的化学对照品研究

目的：研究白鲜皮对照品的制备方法及其质量标准，为白鲜皮药材及其相关产品的质量控制奠定物质基础。方法：以白鲜皮药材的主成分分析为指标，选择白鲜皮药材的对照品；采用溶剂和色谱方法从白鲜皮药材中分离、制备对照品；采用紫外、虹外光谱、质谱、氢谱和碳谱对其进行结构鉴定；采用薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法对其进行纯度检查和含量测定。结果：从白鲜皮药材中分离得到梣酮、白鲜碱作为对照品。结论：梣酮和白鲜碱可作为白鲜皮药材及其相关产品的质量控制指标成分，本文建立的分离、纯化方法简便，对照品得率和纯度都较高。     

Effect of electroacupuncture on glial fibrillary acidic protein and nerve growth factor in the hippocampus of rats with hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombus

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to reduce blood lipid level and improve cerebral ischemia in rats with hyperlipemia complicated by cerebral ischemia. However, there are few studies on the results and mechanism of the effect of EA in reducing blood lipid level or promoting neural repair after stroke in hyperlipidemic subjects. In this study, EA was applied to a rat model of hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombosis and the condition of neurons and astrocytes after hippocampal injury was assessed. Except for the normal group, rats in other groups were fed a high-fat diet throughout the whole experiment. Hyperlipidemia models were established in rats fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks. Middle cerebral artery thrombus models were induced by pasting 50% FeCl₃ filter paper on the left middle cerebral artery for 20 minutes on day 50 as the model group. EA1 group rats received EA at bilateral ST40 (Fenglong) for 7 days before the thrombosis. Rats in the EA1 and EA2 groups received EA at GV20 (Baihui) and bilateral ST40 for 14 days after model establishment. Neuronal health was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining in the brain. Hyperlipidemia was assessed by biochemical methods that measured total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein in blood sera. Behavioral analysis was used to confirm the establishment of the model. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and nerve growth factor in the hippocampal CA1 region. The results demonstrated that, compared with the model group, blood lipid levels significantly decreased, glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity was significantly weakened and nerve growth factor immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced in the EA1 and EA2 groups. The repair effect was superior in the EA1 group than in the EA2 group. These findings confirm that EA can reduce blood lipid, inhibit glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and promote nerve growth factor expression in the hippocampal CA1 region after hyperlipidemia and middle cerebral artery thrombosis. All experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Animal Use and Management Committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China (approval No. BUCM-3-2018022802-1002) on April 12, 2018.

Chinese Library Classification No. R459.9; R363; R364     

Congenital Horner’s Syndrome Associated with Unilateral Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery and Unusual Aortic Arch Anomaly

Unilateral congenital agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a very rare vascular anomaly. Rarely, congenital Horners syndrome has been associated with agenesis of the ICA. This article describes a rare case of congenital Horners syndrome in a patient with ICA agenesis and very unusual aortic arch anomaly. This study was done at Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Faculty of Medicine, No financial support was required for this study.     

地榆鞣质提取物对TGF-β1诱导人肾小管上皮细胞增殖的影响

摘 要 目的： 通过观察地榆鞣质提取物（STE）对生长转化因子（TGF-β₁）诱导人肾小管上皮细胞（HK-2）增殖的影响,探讨地榆在防治肾间质纤维化方面的作用。方法: 将HK-2细胞用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖培养基培养,实验分为5组：空白对照组、TGF-β₁组（5 ng· mL^-1 TGF-β₁）、干预1组（5 ng· mL^-1 TGF-β₁+12.5 μg·mL^-1 STE）、干预2组（5 ng· mL^-1 TGF-β₁+25μg·mL^-1 STE）、干预3组（5 ng·mL^-1 TGF-β₁+50μg·mL^-1 STE）,孵育24 h。在倒置显微镜下观察各组细胞形态的改变,并通过CCK8法测定地榆鞣质对细胞增殖的影响。结果: TGF-β₁ 5 ng·mL^-1能显著诱导人肾小管上皮细胞增殖,并促进其细胞形态向纤维化转变,相比于空白对照组具有显著差异（P<0.05）;但与地榆鞣质提取物（STE）共同作用后,其促进细胞增殖的作用受到一定抑制（P<0.05）,细胞形态也趋于正常,且呈剂量依赖性。结论:地榆鞣质提取物能抑制HK-2细胞的增殖,在一定程度上具有防止肾间质纤维化的作用。     

The safety and effectiveness of salvianolate in preventing perioperative venous thromboembolism in China: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis based on RCTs

Background:Salvianolate, a common drug for stabilizing heart disease and Angina Pectoris, is considered to be off-label for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) or anticoagulation at present. However, many clinical studies have showed that salvianolate can effectively inhibit the deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence, and prevent VTE of perioperative patients in the real world in China.Objective:This analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of salvianolate in preventing VTE in perioperative patients.Methods:Databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched until July 2019. Literature retrieval, data extraction and quality assessment were independently completed by two researchers and checked with each other. Review Manager 5.2 software was applied for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 429 studies were retrieved, including 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 1149 subjects. Compared with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) group alone, salvianolate combined LMWH group had lower DVT incidence in preventing perioperative thrombosis (2.75% and 14.23%, OR: 0.21, 95% CI:[0.08,0.53]; P = .0009). The incidence of adverse reactions of experimental group was similar to that of control group (1.79% and 2.31%, OR: 0.65, 95% CI:[0.18,2.35]. P = .51). Compared with the control group, D-dimer level (D-D), platelet count (PLT), fibrinogen (FIB), whole blood high shear viscosity (WBHSV), and whole blood low shear viscosity (WBLSV) were all significantly decreased (P < .01), and prothrombin time (PT) was significantly increased (P < .05).Conclusion:Salvianolate combined LMWH has better effectiveness and the same safety in preventing venous thromboembolism in perioperative patients. However, due to the small number of included literatures, large sample studies are still needed to further verify this conclusion.     

Risk of major bleeding associated with concomitant use of anticancer drugs and direct oral anticoagulant in patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - This study evaluated the risk of major bleeding associated with concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) and anticancer drugs (ACDs), which share...