三七总皂苷玉米脂蛋白纳米粒对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的药效学研究

对三七总皂苷(Panax notoginseng saponins,PNS)与卵磷脂、β-谷甾醇、玉米醇溶蛋白共组装制备的三七总皂苷玉米脂蛋白纳米粒(PNS-lipid-zein nanoparticles,PLZ-NPs)进行了体外细胞实验,以及大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的药效学研究.采用反溶剂沉淀法制备了PLZ-NPs,...     

Xpert MTB／RIF 系统快速检测结核分枝杆菌及利福平耐药性研究

目的：探讨 Xpert MTB/RIF 快速检测系统在结核病诊断及利福平耐药性检测中的价值。方法收集2012年12月－2013年12月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院和乌鲁木齐市胸科医院住院的疑似肺结核患者312例的痰液标本,同时进行涂片抗酸杆菌检查和用罗氏固体培养基进行结核杆菌培养,用比例法进行药物敏感性试验,并用 Xpert MTB/RIF 系统进行结核分枝杆菌 DNA 及利福平耐药性检测,结果312例痰液标本中,涂片和培养均阳性的124例患者 XpertMTB/RIF 检测的敏感度为94．3％（117/124）,涂片阴性而培养阳性者的敏感度为92．8％（26/28）,涂片阴性而符合临床标准者 XpertMTB/RIF 检测的敏感度为47．6％（10/21）,与培养结果比较, XpertMTB/RIF 检测的总敏感度为94．1％（143/152）;增加检测的次数（2次检测）可将灵敏度提高到98．7％％;对非结核病患者 XpertMTB/RIF 检测的特异度为99．3％（138/139）。与比例法相比,Xpert MTB/RIF 检测利福平耐药的灵敏度为90．9％（10/11）,特异度为99．3％（140/141）。除涂片阴性者外,Xpert MTB/RIF 半定量检测结果与涂片结果有较好的一致性。结论Xpert MTB/RIF 系统检测结核分枝杆菌及利福平耐药性具有较高的临床应用价值,且方法简便、快速。     

康复科护理人员对残疾人态度、工作成就感与人性化护理能力的关系

目的 了解康复科护理人员人性化护理能力的现状,并探讨其与对残疾人的态度和工作成就感间的关系。方法 2020年12月至2021年3月,便利抽取锦州市、盘锦市、营口市和抚顺市8所综合性三甲医院的196例康复科护理人员,采用医护人员对残疾人态度量表、工作成就感量表、护士人性化护理能力量表进行调查。结果 康复科护理人员人性化护理能力总分为(73.39±10.75),总条目均分(3.86±0.57);康复科护理人员人性化护理能力与对残疾人态度和工作成就感均呈正相关(r=0.208～0.774, P <0.01);工作成就感在康复科护理人员对残疾人态度和人性化护理能力间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.420,占总效应的52.83%。结论 康复科护理人员人性化护理能力较差。对残疾人态度越好,工作成就感越高,人性化护理能力会越强。康复科护理人员对残疾人态度不仅可以直接作用于人性化护理能力,也可以通过工作成就感间接影响人性化护理能力。     

合成新药SC1001钠盐对家兔呼吸频率、心率、直肠温度和皮层电图的影响

作者用SC1001钠盐(200mg/kg)注入家兔腹腔内,观察其对呼吸频率、心率、直肠温度和皮层电图的影响。实验结果表明,对家兔的呼吸频率、直肠温度有轻微的抑制作用,对中枢神经活动有明显的抑制作用,对心率有加快作用。     

Association of Implementation of a Comprehensive Preconception-to-Pregnancy Management Plan With Pregnancy Outcomes Among Chinese Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes: The CARNATION Study

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect on pregnancy outcome of integrating a comprehensive management plan for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) into the World Health Organization universal maternal care infrastructure.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA comprehensive preconception-to-pregnancy management plan for women with T1D was implemented in 11 centers from 8 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2017. Sequential eligible pregnant women (n = 133 out of 137 initially enrolled) with T1D and singleton pregnancies attending these management centers formed the prospective cohort. The main outcome was severe adverse pregnancy outcome comprising maternal mortality, neonatal death, congenital malformations, miscarriage in the second trimester, and stillbirth. We compared pregnancy outcomes in this prospective cohort with two control groups with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria: a retrospective cohort (n = 153) of all eligible pregnant women with T1D attending the same management centers from 2012 to 2014 and a comparison cohort (n = 116) of all eligible pregnant women with T1D receiving routine care from 2015 to 2017 in 11 different centers from 7 cities.RESULTSThe rate of severe adverse pregnancy outcome was lower in the prospective cohort (6.02%) than in either the retrospective cohort (18.30%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.31 [95% CI 0.13–0.74]) or the contemporaneous comparison cohort (25.00%; aOR 0.22 [95% CI 0.09–0.52]).CONCLUSIONSThe substantial improvements in the prospective cohort are evidence of a potentially clinically important effect of the comprehensive management plan on pregnancy outcomes among Chinese pregnant women with pregestational T1D. This supports the development of similar approaches in other countries.     

Lanthanum chloride or citrate is absorbed mainly via M cells in gastrointestinal tracts with lanthanum phosphates as the transformed species

本工作以氯化镧(LaCl₃)和柠檬酸镧(LaCit)为代表性化合物, 对稀土在消化道内的物种存在形式及吸收转运机制进行了研究和探讨。研究采用了人工胃液和肠液模拟体内消化道环境。电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)检测结果表明, 大于99.9%的La发生了沉淀。散射光粒度(DLS)分析结果显示, 这些微粒的平均粒径由200 nm (孵育2 h)增大到600 nm左右(孵育24 h), 这表明微粒之间发生了聚集。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究表明, 稀土微粒的主要成分为稀土磷酸盐。为研究稀土在肠道中的吸收转运机制, 以LaCit (2或100 mg/kg/day)对小鼠灌胃给药7天, 取小肠的普通肠段和派氏结进行了ICP-MS分析。派氏结中的La含量明显高于普通肠段, 这提示稀土微粒可能主要由派氏结上淋巴滤泡上皮中的M细胞吞噬转运。此外, 建立了Caco-2细胞单培养模型和 Caco-2/Raji B 细胞共培养模型分别模拟小肠上皮和滤泡上皮。结果显示, Caco-2/Raji B 细胞共培养模型转运的La含量显著高于Caco-2细胞单培养模型(大约60倍左右), 且 Caco-2 细胞单层透过的镧的量极低, 这说明M细胞是吸收转运磷酸镧的主要途径。以上结果表明氯化镧和柠檬酸镧在胃肠道主要以磷酸镧微粒形式通过M细胞进行转运吸收。本研究将为稀土在农业和医学中的合理应用提供科学依据。     

The effects of temperature shock on the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater by an Fe0/GO-anaerobic system

In order to make up for the defects of traditional anaerobic fermentation systems, such as low energy utilization rates and the slow growth and reproduction of microorganisms, an Fe⁰/GO (zero-valent iron/graphene oxide) anaerobic biological treatment system was used as a treatment process in this paper, and the impact of temperature shock on the system during the treatment of high-concentration organic wastewater was studied. The experimental results showed that temperature shock reduced the COD_Cr removal rate and gas production level in each system, but the Fe⁰/GO group maintained a higher level and had the highest COD_Cr degradation rate after shocking. After temperature shock, the acetic acid content in each system was higher (above 90%), and the volatile fatty acid (VFA) content in the Fe⁰/GO group was the lowest. The mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in all systems decreased after impact; the decrease was less in the Fe⁰/GO group and the increase was largest after temperature recovery. After shocking, the extracellular polymer substance (EPS) protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) levels in each system were both low. After temperature recovery, the PN/PS ratio of the Fe⁰/GO group was the highest, showing a strong impact resistance to temperature.

Temperature changes are inevitable during the actual operation of anaerobic systems. Adding an Fe⁰/GO composite is shown to improve microbial activity and alleviate the adverse effects caused by temperature shock.     

人参皂苷Rh2通过Egr-1/TRL4/mTOR信号通路抑制食管癌细胞Eca-109增殖、迁移和EMT

目的:研究人参皂苷Rh2对食管癌细胞Eca-109增殖、迁移和上皮间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）的作用以及作用机制。方法:CCK-8法检测人参皂苷Rh2对食管癌细胞Eca-109增殖的影响;细胞划痕实验检测人参皂苷Rh2对食管癌Eca-109细胞迁移的影响;Western blot检测EMT相关蛋白E-cadherin、Vimentin和Slug的蛋白表达水平。结果:人参皂苷Rh2能够显著抑制Eca-109细胞的增殖,且呈剂量依赖性;此外,人参皂苷Rh2显著抑制E-cadherin、Vimentin和Slug的蛋白表达,并抑制Eca-109细胞迁移;人参皂苷Rh2显著抑制Egr-1、TRL4和mTOR的蛋白表达;进一步的研究结果表明人参皂苷Rh2通过抑制Egr-1/TRL4/mTOR信号通路抑制食管癌细胞Eca-109增殖、迁移和EMT。结论:人参皂苷Rh2能够抑制食管癌细胞Eca-109的增殖、迁移和EMT,其作用机制是通过介导Egr-1/TRL4/mTOR信号通路来实现的。这一结果能够为治疗食管癌的进一步研究提供分子基础。     

多形式健康教育提高青少年性知识的效果观察

目的:探讨多形式健康教育提高青少年性知识的效果。方法:选取本辖区青少年400例为观察组,另选400例青少年为对照组,观察组实施多形式健康教育,对照组接受常规健康教育,对两组青少年的性知识情况、紧急避孕知识进行观察。结果:教育前,两组青少年的性知识了解程度无明显差异(P0.05),观察组青少年经教育后的性知识了解程度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组青少年教育前的紧急避孕知识知晓率无明显差异(P0.05),观察组教育后的知晓率显著较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多形式健康教育能提高青少年的性知识了解程度,也能提高青少年对紧急避孕知识的知晓率,对降低青少年非意愿妊娠、性传播疾病发生率具有显著作用,值得临床推广。     

靶向Notch1基因siRNA真核表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的：构建并鉴定靶向Notch1基因的siRNA真核表达载体。方法：根据Notch1基因cDNA序列，设计靶向目的基因的3个siRNA靶序列，将其插入U6启动子下游，克隆到真核表达载体pGsensil中，并进行酶切鉴定和DNA测序鉴定。采用脂质体介导法将构建好的3个siRNA表达载体分别转染T24人膀胱癌细胞中，荧光下观测转染效率。RT-PCR检测Notch1基因mRNA在转染前后的表达。结果：转染48h后3个siRNA表达载体均不同程度的抑制了Notch1 mRNA的表达。酶切鉴定及DNA测序结果显示插入片断正确。结论：成功构建的靶向Notch1的siRNA真核表达载体，具有抑制Notch1基因mRNA表达的功能，可能为膀胱癌基因治疗研究提供一个新的方向。