基孔肯雅热临床特点及治疗与预后

目的 探讨基孔肯雅热临床特点及治疗与转归.方法 选取2010年9月至2010年11月东莞市诊治的133例基孔肯雅热患者为研究对象,所有患者行3年随访,分析其临床特征及治疗与预后.结果 基孔肯雅热病常见临床症状为发热、皮疹及关节疼痛,发生率分别为100.00％、91.72％和90.98％;关节疼痛中膝关节、脚踝及肘部关节受累较多,发生率分别为69.92％、64.66％和48.87％;关节疼痛女性明显多于男性,15岁以上患者易发生关节疼痛;关节疼痛症状在1年内基本消失,部分患者在2年甚至3年内消失,个别患者在3年后仍未消失.结论 基孔肯雅热病主要以发热、皮疹及关节痛为主要临床表现,关节疼痛受年龄等因素影响,治疗后1年患者内关节疼痛基本可消失,对症、支持治疗对基孔肯雅热有显著治疗效果.     

Peripheral blood CD45RO+T cells is a predictor of the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

To investigate the relationship between the changes in circulating CD45RO⁺T lymphocyte subsets following neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.The clinicopathological data of 185 patients with rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy in the General Surgery Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Venous blood samples were collected 1 week before neoadjuvant therapy and 1 week before surgery, and the expression of CD45RO⁺T was detected by flow cytometry. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off point of CD45RO⁺ratio. Log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the overall survival rate (OS) and disease-free survival rate (DFS) associated with CD45RO⁺ratio.Circulating CD45RO⁺ratio of 1.07 was determined as the optimal cut-off point and CD45RO⁺ratio-high was associated with lower tumor regression grade grading (P = .031), T stage (P = .001), and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P = .012). The 3-year DFS and OS rate in the CD45RO⁺ratio-high group was significantly higher than that in the CD45RO⁺ratio-low group (89.2% vs 60.1%, P<.001; 94.4% vs 73.2%, P<.001). The multivariate Cox analysis revealed that elevated CD45RO⁺ratio was an independent factor for better DFS (OR, 0.339; 95% CI, 0.153–0.752; P = .008) and OS (OR, 0.244; 95% CI,0.082–0.726; P = .011).Circulating CD45RO⁺ratio could predict the tumor regression grade of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer, as well as long-term prognosis. These findings could be used to stratify patients and develop alternative strategies for adjuvant therapy.     

An integrated pathway interaction network for the combination of four effective compounds from ShengMai preparations in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases

Aim:

SMXZF (a combination of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, schizandrin and DT-13) derived from Chinese traditional medicine formula ShengMai preparations) is capable of alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. In this study we used network pharmacology approach to explore the mechanisms of SMXZF in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases.

Methods:

Based upon the chemical predictors, such as chemical structure, pharmacological information and systems biology functional data analysis, a target-pathway interaction network was constructed to identify potential pathways and targets of SMXZF in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, the most related pathways were verified in TNF-α-treated human vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells and H2O2-treated rat PC12 cells.

Results:

Three signaling pathways including the NF-κB pathway, oxidative stress pathway and cytokine network pathway were demonstrated to be the main signaling pathways. The results from the gene ontology analysis were in accordance with these signaling pathways. The target proteins were found to be associated with other diseases such as vision, renal and metabolic diseases, although they exerted therapeutic actions on cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases. Furthermore, SMXZF not only dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB, p50, p65 and IKKα/β in TNF-α-treated EA.hy926 cells, but also regulated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in H2O2-treated PC12 cells.

Conclusion:

NF-κB signaling pathway, oxidative stress pathway and cytokine network pathway are mainly responsible for the therapeutic actions of SMXZF against cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases.     

Effect of trifloxystrobin on hatching,survival, and gene expression of endocrine biomarkers in early life stages of medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Trifloxystrobin is a systemic broad‐spectrum foliar strobilurin fungicides that enters the aquatic environment during agricultural application. It is highly toxic and poses a potential risk to aquatic organisms, whereas the effect on the development of early life stages of fish are unclear. In this study, hatchability, time to hatching, and larval mortality were measured. Additionally, the expression of biomarker genes, including those involved in sex hormone pathways (er, vtg, cyp17, and cyp19a), thyroid hormone pathways (trα and dio2), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways (ahr and cyp1a), was determined after embryos of medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to different levels of trifloxystrobin (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/L) for 28 days. The results showed that there were significant differences between controls and the 100 μg/L treatment group in both hatchability and time to hatching of fertilized eggs (p < 0.05). Larval mortality was significantly increased in the 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/L treatment groups (p < 0.05). These results indicate that embryonic and larval development may be affected by trifloxystrobin exposure. Moreover, the mRNA levels of the er gene were significantly up‐regulated at levels of trifloxystrobin above 1 μg/L treatment groups. Up‐regulation of vtg, cyp17, and cyp19a mRNA levels was observed in the larvae at the lower concentration treatment groups. The mRNA levels of cyp1a genes were significantly up‐regulated at all of the treatment groups. These results suggest that trifloxystrobin is a potential endocrine disruptor through effects on the sex hormone pathway and xenobiotic metabolism. The changes in cyp1a expression can be used as a highly sensitive biomarker to assess trifloxystrobin contamination in the early life stages of fish. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 648–655, 2015.     

The value of speckle-tracking echocardiography in identifying right heart dysfunction in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

Right ventricular (RV) function is a significantly important factor in the determination of the prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is an angle-independent new technique for quantifying myocardial deformation that is capable of providing data on multiple parameters including longitudinal and transverse information of the myocardium. In the present study, we aimed to study the advantages of STE-derived parameters in identifying RV dysfunction in CTEPH patients. Sixty CTEPH patients (mean age: 55 years?±?13 years; 25 males) and 30 normal controls (mean age: 54 years?±?14 years; 14 males) were enrolled in this study. RV free wall (RVFW) systolic peak longitudinal strain (LS) including the basal, mid-, and apical-segments and the basal longitudinal and transverse displacement (basal-DL and basal-DT) were measured by STE. Global LS (GLS) of the RV was calculated by averaging the LS value of the 3 segments of RVFW. Clinical data of CTEPH patients were collected. CTEPH patients were divided into 2 subgroups according to the World Health Organization function classification. Clinical right heart failure (RHF) was defined as the presence of symptoms of heart failure and signs of systemic circulation congestion during hospitalization. The apical segment LS of the RVFW was lower than that in the basal and mid-segments in the control group (P?<?0.001), but no significant difference was found among the 3 segments of LS in the CTEPH group (P?=?0.263). When we used the cutoff value recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines to identify abnormal RV function, 30 CTEPH patients (50%) by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), 42 patients (70%) by fractional area change (FAC), 20 patients (33.33%) by RV index of myocardial performance (RVIMP), and 46 patients (77%) patients by GLS were determined to have abnormal RV function, respectively. Among multiple RV function indicators, TAPSE, FAC, GLS, basal-DL, and N-terminal pronatriuretic B-type natriuretic peptide showed significant differences between CTEPH patients with mild (WHO II) and severe symptoms (WHO III/IV) (all P?<?0.001), while RVIMP and basal-DT showed no significant difference (P?=?0.188 and P?=?0.394, respectively). Pearson correlation analysis showed that GLS has no correlation with sPAP as evaluated by echocardiography in CTEPH patients (r = ??0.079, P?=?0.574), and a weak to moderate correlation with RA area (r?=?0.488, P?=?0.000), the RV diameter (r?=?0.429, P?=?0.001), and the RVFW thickness (r?=?0.344, P?=?0.009). On receiver operating characteristic analysis, GLS has the largest area under the curve to identify RHF when the cutoff value was ??13.45%, the sensitivity was 78.2%, and the specificity was 84.6%, separately. Our study demonstrated that the depression of regional LS of RVFW is more pronounced in the basal and middle segments in CTEPH patients. Also, the longitudinal movement is much more important than the transverse movement when evaluating RV systolic function. As compared with conventional parameters, RVFW GLS showed more sensitivity to identify abnormal RV function and had the largest AUC for identifying RHF. Additionally, GLS showed no correlation with sPAP and a weak correlation with right heart morphological parameters in our CTEPH cohort.     

Acetone vapour-assisted growth of 2D single-crystalline organic lead halide perovskite microplates and their temperature-enhanced photoluminescence

We adopt an acetone vapour-assisted method to grow high quality single-crystalline microplates of two-dimensional (2D) perovskite, 2-phenylethylammonium lead bromide [(C₆H₅C₂H₄NH₃)₂PbBr₄]. The microplates, converted from the spin-coated films, are well-defined rectangles. Temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy shows that the band gap PL is enhanced markedly with increasing temperature up to 218 K, accompanied by the quenching of the PL related to the trap states, which perhaps results from the exciton–phonon couplings. The optical phonon energy around 50 meV and the exciton binding energy around 120 meV are derived by fitting the band gap PL linewidths and intensities at different temperatures, respectively.

We report an acetone vapour-assisted method to grow single-crystalline 2D perovskite microplates and find their temperature-enhanced photoluminescence.     

我国八省份6～12岁儿童上学日睡眠状况分析

目的 分析6～12岁儿童上学日睡眠的影响因素。方法 2010年9－11月, 采用分层随机整群抽样方法, 根据地理特征、社会经济发展水平等因素, 以中国内地8省(直辖市、自治区)为抽样框, 抽取20 603名6～12岁儿童作为研究对象, 调查其睡眠时间及相关生活习惯。采用多因素logistic回归逐步法分析儿童睡眠时间的影响因素。结果 调查6～12岁儿童上学日平均每天的睡眠时间为9.11 h, 睡眠严重不足、睡眠不足和睡眠适中的比例分别为32.82%(7 672/20 603)、39.70%(8 179/20 603)和27.48%(5 662/20 603), 随年龄的增加, 儿童睡眠时间减少, 睡眠严重不足的比例增加。不同性别、城乡及经济水平之间儿童的睡眠时间及不同性别的小学生的睡眠构成并没有差异, 但不同地域(城市和农村)与不同经济地区儿童睡眠构成的差异有统计学意义, 农村儿童睡眠严重不足、睡眠适中的比例高于城市(χ²=59.96, χ²=45.47, P<0.05);而睡眠不足的比例低于城市的比例;经济水平高的地区儿童睡眠不足的比例最低, 构成差异有统计学意义。在调整性别、体重、饮食习惯及运动时间后, 多因素logistic回归结果显示, 对促进儿童睡眠时间满足10 h有积极保护作用的是饮食习惯中习惯吃肉、每日运动, 经济水平高和居住于城市地区。结论 我国儿童存在不良的睡眠卫生习惯;睡眠时间不足呈现低龄化, 农村儿童睡眠严重不足的现象较为常见。     

新疆乌鲁木齐市常住居民甲状腺功能、甲状腺自身抗体与尿碘变化的分析

目的 了解新疆乌鲁木齐市居民甲状腺疾病知晓率及年龄分布的差异, 分析甲状腺功能、甲状腺自身抗体与尿碘相关性及其变化规律。方法 2013年5月采用横断面方法随机抽取乌鲁木齐市1 995名常住居民, 其中健康成年人1 906名, 年龄18~84岁, 平均(46.3±14.2)岁, 男性占30.4%, 女性占69.6%。采集一次性随机晨尿10 ml测定尿碘, 静脉血测定促甲状腺素(TSH)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT4)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)。结果 (1)调查居民中新诊断甲状腺功能异常者213例(11.2%, 其中女性占78.4%), 甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)者占2.7%, 甲状腺功能减低(甲减)者占8.5%;TgAb阳性率为23.2%, TPOAb阳性率为16.6%;人群尿碘M=134.5 μg/L, 人群中碘缺乏占32%, 碘适宜占58%, 碘过量占10%;甲状腺功能正常组和异常组比较、抗体阳性组与阴性组比较其尿碘水平的差异均无统计学意义。(2)将人群划分18~、45~和≥60岁3个年龄组, 则显示随年龄增长TSH水平有明显差异, 且女性高于男性(P<0.001);甲状腺功能正常人群中, TSH水平为抗体阳性组明显高于阴性组(P<0.000 1)。(3)≥60岁与<60岁人群比较, 甲减患病率显著增加(P=0.008), 但甲亢患病率无明显差别, 抗体阳性率亦无明显差异。结论 乌鲁木齐市社区居民甲状腺功能、自身抗体与尿碘水平无明显相关, 女性甲状腺功能异常、抗体阳性率均高于男性, 抗体阳性组TSH水平明显高于阴性组, 老年人群甲减患病率显著增高, 应对该人群定期监测。     

二甲双胍对2型糖尿病模型大鼠尿nephrin排泄的影响

目的:观察二甲双胍对2型糖尿病模型大鼠尿nephrin(UNE)排泄的动态影响,探讨二甲双胍对糖尿病肾小球足细胞的保护作用?方法:将高脂膳食联合小剂量链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠随机分为3组:糖尿病模型组?二甲双胍干预组?优降糖干预组,并设正常对照组?干预前后监测血糖(BG)以及尿白蛋白(UALB)和尿nephrin排泄?8周末糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的变化?结果:①3组糖尿病大鼠BG及HbA1c均明显高于正常组(P < 0.05);经二甲双胍和优降糖干预后,4?8周末2组BG和HbA1c均明显低于2型糖尿病模型组(P < 0.05),但差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);②4?8周末各糖尿病大鼠尿白蛋白/肌酐比(UACR)明显高于正常组(P < 0.05);与2型糖尿病模型组比较,二甲双胍和优降糖组UACR值明显降低(P < 0.05),4周末,两干预组间无显著性差异(P > 0.05),8周末,两组间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);③0?2周末,4组大鼠尿nephrin/肌酐比(UNER)差异无统计学意义,4?8周末,各糖尿病大鼠UNER均明显高于正常组(P < 0.05),二甲双胍和优降糖干预组UNER明显低于糖尿病模型组(P < 0.05),且二甲双胍组低于优降糖组(P < 0.05);④Pearson相关分析显示UNER与UACR存在正相关(r=0.846,P < 0.05)?结论:二甲双胍可以降低糖尿病肾病大鼠尿nephrin的排泄,提示对肾小球足细胞可能存在保护作用,该作用不完全依赖于血糖的降低?