原发性十二指肠肿瘤43例诊治分析

目的　探讨原发性十二指肠肿瘤 (PTD)的诊断和治疗。方法　回顾性分析我院 1995 2 0 0 3年间 4 3例PTD的临床资料。结果　十二指肠镜确诊率为 85 .7% ,B超检查的阳性率为 5 5 .6 % ,CT检查阳性率为 80 % ,肿瘤位于十二指肠降段 (乳头部或其对侧 ) 35例 ,占 81.4 % ,2例平滑肌瘤切除术后存活 5年以上 ,1例乳头部腺瘤行肿瘤局部切除术后半年出现黄疸 ,病因不详。 4例间质瘤均健在且生存 16 2 1个月 ,36例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中胰头十二指肠切除 18例 ,节段切除 1例 ,手术切除率为 5 1.2 %。结论　B超、CT、纤维十二指肠镜检查是诊断PTD的主要手段。手术切除是最基本有效的治疗方法。对于良性肿瘤可行局部肿瘤切除、十二指肠节段切除或经内镜切除。对于恶性肿瘤 ,胰十二指肠切除术是首选术式。     

双针并行内固定在断指再植中的应用（附14例报告）

目的 探讨断指再植中骨折的内固定方法。方法 对2000年10月～2003年3月收治的14例患者17断指采用双针并行髓内贯穿固定骨折，并与同期其他内固定方法进行对比。结果 所有断指均再植成活，随访的10例患者中无1例发生骨不连或骨延迟愈合。平均骨愈合时间5周，关节功能恢复满意。结论 双针并行内固定方法固定更加牢固，更有利于骨折愈合，是一种较为理想的内固定方法。     

鼓室穿刺治疗腭裂渗出性中耳炎的临床评价

目的　探讨腭裂修复同期 ,鼓室穿刺对腭裂伴分泌性中耳炎患者中耳功能及听力损失的影响。方法　将 80例 ( 14 6耳 )患有分泌性中耳炎的腭裂患者 ,随机分为实验组 ( 78耳 ) :常规腭裂修复术 ,术毕作鼓室穿刺。对照组 ( 68耳 ) :单纯腭裂修复术。术后 6个月两组均进行鼓室图、脑干听觉诱发电位检查 ,并进行比较。结果　实验组术后无论与术前比较 ,还是与对照组术后比较 ,鼓室图、V波反应阈值及轻、中度听力损失 ,均有显著进步 (P <0 0 1) ;术后半年内实验组听力恢复早 ,而且治愈率高 ( 96 2 % ,75 /78) ,明显优于对照组 ( 3 8 2 % ,2 6/68)。结论　腭裂修复同期鼓室穿刺 ,不仅有助于改善伴有分泌性中耳炎腭裂患者的中耳功能 ,提高听力 ;而且可避免或减少粘连性中耳炎的发生     

Benign osteoblastoma of the occipital bone: Case report and literature review

We present a case of benign osteoblastoma of the occipital bone. Benign osteoblastoma is an uncommon primary bone tumor, which usually involves the vertebrae and the long bones. This tumor rarely develops in the calvaria, showing a preference for the temporal and frontal bones when it does. To the best of our knowledge, this case is only the eighth reported case of benign osteoblastoma confined to the occipital bone. A 20‐year‐old male presented with a mild tender mass lesion of the occipital area, just below the lambda. Plain X‐ray films and CT scans demonstrated an osteolytic mass surrounded by the sclerotic rim within the diploic space. MRI proved to be effective for the evaluation of the intracranial and intraosseous extensions of the tumor. However, it was very difficult to formulate a differential diagnosis against other osteoblastic tumors, or osteoid osteoma, in view of its radiological appearance. The final diagnosis was obtained by careful consideration of the histopathological characteristics of the tumor combined with its clinical and radiological features. Although generally regarded as benign, a complete resection is preferred over conventional curettage as this can guard against possible recurrence and malignant transformation.     

在线考试系统设计

作为评价网络学习效果的一个环节，网上考试越来越被人们接受和认同。文章介绍了在线考试系统的功能和结构，并对该考试系统中所用到的关键技术进行了详细的介绍，包括系统的通用性和安全性、题库的建设和管理、随机组卷算法等。     

脑电分频积分定量法测定甜菜碱对清醒家兔脑电图的影响

本文采用脑电分频积分定量法测定甜菜碱对清醒家兔脑电的影响。清醒家兔静注甜菜碱250mg/kg后,出现高幅幔波夹杂低幅快波脑电,自发脑电积分值((?)vs)显著提高。动物安静少动。结果表明甜菜碱有中枢抑制作用。     

Radioiodinated tracers for the evaluation of dopamine receptors in the neonatal rat brain after hypoxic-ischemic injury

In order to evaluate in vivo single-photon emission tomography (SPET) method of assessing cerebral function after hypoxic-ischemic injury in human neonates, we studied D₁ and D₂ dopamine receptors in a rat model. Seven-day-old rats underwent permanent unilateral common carotid ligation followed by exposure to 8% O₂. Two weeks later, in brains with no visible loss of hemispheric volume, striatal dopaminergic receptors were studied, with [¹²⁵I]TISCH and [1251]IBZM for the D₁ and D₂ dopamine receptors, respectively. Using [¹²⁵I]TISCH, we observed no modifications of D₁ receptors, but in contrast, ex vivo and in vitro autoradiographic experiments showed a 40% decrease in the striatal binding of [¹²⁵I]IBZM on both the ipsilateral and the contralateral side to the carotid ligation. These alterations were detected with IBZM, a D₂ dopamine receptor ligand usable for SPET imaging. Therefore, exploration of D₂ receptors by SPET in human neonates suffering from perinatal hypoxia-ischemia may be valuable for the diagnosis and follow-up of cerebral function damages. Correspondence to: D. Guilloteau