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排序方式: 共有157条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
61.
Paranasal sinuses: CT imaging requirements for endoscopic surgery 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Zinreich SJ; Kennedy DW; Rosenbaum AE; Gayler BW; Kumar AJ; Stammberger H 《Radiology》1987,163(3):769-775
Recent advances in the understanding of mucociliary activity and the pathophysiology of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses have revolutionized the surgical management of chronic and/or recurrent sinusitis. Meticulous radiographic delineation of the small structures in this region, coupled with endoscopic evaluation, provides detailed preoperative information regarding morphology and pathology. This information has led to more focused endoscopic surgical procedures, which have dramatically reduced patient morbidity. As a consequence, there is now worldwide interest among otolaryngologists in the radiologic definition of paranasal regional anatomy. For effective interactions between radiologist and otolaryngologist, the former must be prepared to render interpretations that address these "microanatomic" locales. This communication is directed at familiarizing the radiologist with these observations and concepts, considering both normal and disturbed anatomy with their attendant pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications. 相似文献
62.
目的:研究人工唾液对银汞合金和玻璃离子水门汀2种口腔充填材料承载能力的影响,比较不同材料受环境影响的特征.方法:制作10 mm直径、2 mm厚度的银汞合金和玻璃离子水门汀圆盘形试件各80个,各自随机分成8组,分别放入干燥容器和盛有人工唾液的容器内置于37℃恒温箱中保存1、7、30、90 d,置于30%玻璃纤维加强尼龙6,6基底上以20 mm直径不锈钢球加载进行赫兹压痕试验,记录初始断裂载荷值并进行统计分析.结果:在90 d观察期内,银汞合金的断裂载荷值在空气中从(641.09±121.16)N增加到(775.08±105.37)N(P<0.05),在人工唾液中则从(680.09±115.90)N减少到(620.00±62.17)N,但无统计学差异(P>0.05).玻璃离子水门汀的断裂载荷值在空气中波动于(391.18±83.10)~(456.25±74.14)N范围,无统计学差异(P>0.05);在人工唾液中则从(388.70±66.78)N显著减少到(308.45±53.49)N(P<0.05).经过不同的时间段后,2种材料最终均表现为在人工唾液中的断裂载荷值低于在空气中的值.结论:长期人工唾液浸泡对口腔充填材料的承载能力有明显负性影响;不同材料对储存介质的影响反应不同. 相似文献
63.
Latack JT; Abou-Khalil BW; Siegel GJ; Sackellares JC; Gabrielsen TO; Aisen AM 《Radiology》1986,159(1):159-163
Fifty patients who experienced partial seizures were imaged with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR); 14 of these also had imaging studies of local cerebral glucose metabolism with positron emission tomography (PET). Thirteen patients with attenuation abnormalities on CT scans also had abnormal signals on MR images; ten other patients had MR-image signal abnormalities but normal CT scans. In all seven patients undergoing PET who had MR-signal and sometimes also CT-attenuation abnormalities, areas of metabolic asymmetry were present. Positive PET scans were also seen in three patients with no evidence of abnormality on CT and MR studies. Focal cerebral substance loss on CT and MR studies, present in 21 patients, did not correlate well with electroencephalographic findings. MR is utilized as the initial imaging procedure in patients with partial seizures because it is more readily available and less invasive than PET and more sensitive than CT scanning. 相似文献
64.
Fertility after conservative and radical surgery for tubal pregnancy 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Mol BW; Matthijsse HC; Tinga DJ; Huynh T; Hajenius PJ; Ankum WM; Bossuyt PM; van der Veen F 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(7):1804-1809
A retrospective cohort study was set up to evaluate the effectiveness of
conservative and radical surgery for tubal pregnancy towards subsequent
fertility. Consecutive patients undergoing conservative or radical surgery
for tubal pregnancy between January 1990 and August 1993 in two university
hospitals were included in the study. Outcome measures were spontaneous
intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) and repeat ectopic pregnancy (EP). Of the 135
patients analysed, 56 underwent conservative surgery and 79 underwent
radical surgery. Patients treated with conservative surgery achieved a
higher 3-year cumulative pregnancy rate than those treated radically (P
< 0.001, log-rank test). In patients treated conservatively, there was
only one spontaneous IUP in the period between 18 months and 3 years after
the tubal pregnancy. In contrast, patients treated radically continued to
conceive in this period. Multivariate analysis showed a fecundity rate
ratio (FRR) of 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91 to 3.8] for IUP
after conservative surgery in the first 18 months of follow-up. In patients
with a history of bilateral tubal disease the FRR was 3.1 (95% CI: 0.76 to
12), whereas in patients without a history of bilateral tubal disease the
FRR was 1.4 (95% CI: 0.13 to 16). The FRR for repeat EP was 2.4 (95% CI:
0.57 to 11). Our data indicate a beneficial effect of conservative surgery
towards subsequent fertility that was not, however, statistically
significant in the multivariate analysis. In view of these inconclusive
data and the importance of this major health problem, randomized studies
are required to assess whether conservative surgery really improves the
fertility prospects of patients with tubal pregnancy.
相似文献
65.
MK McKenna BW Gachuki SS Alhakeem KN Oben VM Rangnekar RC Gupta S Bondada 《Cancer biology & therapy》2015,16(7):1088-1098
Withaferin A (WA), a withanolide from the plant, Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) used in Ayurvedic medicine, has been found to be valuable in the treatment of several medical ailments. WA has been found to have anticancer activity against various solid tumors, but its effects on hematological malignancies have not been studied in detail. WA strongly inhibited the survival of several human and murine B cell lymphoma cell lines. Additionally, in vivo studies with syngeneic-graft lymphoma cells suggest that WA inhibits the growth of tumor but does not affect other proliferative tissues. We demonstrate that WA inhibits the efficiency of NF-κB nuclear translocation in diffuse large B cell lymphomas and found that WA treatment resulted in a significant decrease in protein levels involved in B cell receptor signaling and cell cycle regulation. WA inhibited the activity of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 as reflected by a sharp increase in Hsp70 expression levels. Hence, we propose that the anti-cancer effects of WA in lymphomas are likely due to its ability to inhibit Hsp90 function and subsequent reduction of critical kinases and cell cycle regulators that are clients of Hsp90. 相似文献
66.
Transplantation of enriched and purged peripheral blood progenitor cells from a single apheresis product in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Negrin RS; Kusnierz-Glaz CR; Still BJ; Schriber JR; Chao NJ; Long GD; Hoyle C; Hu WW; Horning SJ; Brown BW 《Blood》1995,85(11):3334-3341
High-dose chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy followed by autologous transplantation of hematopoietic progenitor cells is an effective treatment for patients with high-risk or relapsed non- Hodgkin's lymphoma. Chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic growth factors have been used to mobilize progenitor cells in the peripheral blood for transplantation. However, the mobilized blood cell products have been found to be frequently contaminated with tumor cells, and techniques have not been developed to purge tumor cells from these products. In addition, the minimum number of hematopoietic progenitor cells required for engraftment has not yet been fully elucidated. We treated 21 patients with a single infusion of cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) followed by daily administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G- CSF). After recovery of the white blood cell count, a single 3-hour apheresis collection was performed. The apheresis product was then applied to a discontinuous Percoll gradient. The low-density fractions resulting from this separation procedure were enriched for CD34+ progenitor cells (total cell yield, 19.5%; CD34+ cell recovery, 81.2%). These enriched cellular products were treated with a panel of anti-B cell or anti-T cell monoclonal antibodies and complement in an effort to remove residual tumor cells. After treatment of the patient with myeloablative therapies, the enriched and purged cells were reinfused. Hematologic recovery was rapid, with median neutrophil engraftment in 10 days [absolute neutrophil count (ANC), greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/L] and 11 days (ANC, greater than 1.0 x 10(9)/L). Median platelet transfusion independence required 13 days. The rapidity of multilineage engraftment correlated with the number of CD34+ cells per kilogram that were infused. Patients who received more than 2 x 10(6) CD34+ cells per kilogram had rapid hematologic engraftment, whereas those patients transplanted with less than 2 x 10(6) CD34+ cells per kilogram had slower platelet recovery. Modeling studies using a lymphoma cell line with a t(14; 18) chromosomal translocation demonstrated the successful removal of tumor cells assayed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after the processing and purging. Four of the 21 patients had PCR- detectable lymphoma cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood; however, the enriched and purged blood products reinfused in all four did not contain detectable tumor cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
67.
In humans with B-cell malignancies, the presence of monoclonal B lymphocytes (clonal proliferation) can be detected by comparing the fluorescence intensity distributions of lymphocytes stained with anti- kappa and anti-lambda reagents. The sensitivity of previously described single-color immunofluorescence techniques to low levels of clonal excess is limited by background from cytophilic immunoglobulins on non- B cells and by the low proportion of circulating B cells in individuals with minimal disease. We have used two-color immunofluorescence and B- cell gating to develop an improved assay that avoids false positives due to non-B cells, without requiring restrictive light scatter gates that may exclude true positives. This method is sensitive to 0.2% monoclonal B cells admixed with fresh normal lymphocytes, to 0.6% monoclonal B cells admixed with normal lymphocytes that have been stored for up to 72 hours, and readily detects 1% monoclonal cells in patient specimens. The two color B-cell gated assay offers sensitivity equivalent to the single-color assay and improved specificity for detection of low levels of clonal excess. 相似文献
68.
Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi Hashmat Ghanizada Cherie Amalie Waldorff Nielsen Assan Ansari Christian Gram Samaria Younis Mark B Vestergaard Henrik BW Larsson Lene Theil Skovgaard Faisal Mohammad Amin Messoud Ashina 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2021,41(6):1328
Glibenclamide inhibits sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), which regulates several ion channels including SUR1-transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (SUR1-TRPM4) channel and ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel. Stroke upregulates SURl-TRPM4 channel, which causes a rapid edema formation and brain swelling. Glibenclamide may antagonize the formation of cerebral edema during stroke. Preclinical studies showed that glibenclamide inhibits KATP channel-induced vasodilation without altering the basal vascular tone. The in vivo human cerebrovascular effects of glibenclamide have not previously been investigated.In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way cross-over study, we used advanced 3 T MRI methods to investigate the effects of glibenclamide and KATP channel opener levcromakalim on mean global cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intra- and extracranial artery circumferences in 15 healthy volunteers. Glibenclamide administration did not alter the mean global CBF and the basal vascular tone. Following levcromakalim infusion, we observed a 14% increase of the mean global CBF and an 8% increase of middle cerebral artery (MCA) circumference, and glibenclamide did not attenuate levcromakalim-induced vascular changes. Collectively, the findings demonstrate the vital role of KATP channels in cerebrovascular hemodynamic and indicate that glibenclamide does not inhibit the protective effects of KATP channel activation during hypoxia and ischemia-induced brain injury. 相似文献
69.
Janet BW Williams Amy Ellis Arthur Middleton Kenneth A Kobak 《Annals of general psychiatry》2007,6(1):24
Background
While primary care physicians play a pivotal role in the treatment of depression, collaboration between primary care and psychiatry in clinical research has been limited. Primary care settings provide unique opportunities to improve the methodology of psychiatric clinical trials, by providing more generalizable and less treatment-resistant patients. We examined the feasibility of identifying, recruiting, screening and assessing primary care patients for psychiatric clinical trials using high-quality videoconferencing in a mock clinical trial. 相似文献70.