肿瘤细胞株和癌组织角蛋白19、20 mRNA表达及临床意义

目的　建立利用角蛋白检测外周血中循环癌细胞的方法 ,探讨角蛋白 19、2 0 (K19、K2 0 )在不同肿瘤细胞株和肿瘤组织中的表达。方法　采用定量逆转录多聚酶链反应 (RT PCR)方法检测11个肺癌、食管癌、膀胱癌、大肠癌肿瘤细胞株和 33例相对应的癌组织中特异性K19、K2 0mRNA的表达。结果　 4种肿瘤细胞株及 33例相对应的癌组织均表达K19mRNA ,但表达量有明显差别。同种癌组织之间K19mRNA的表达量相差在 1.7～ 10倍之间 ,表达量最低者仅为阳性对照的 12 %以下。肺癌和食管癌细胞株和癌组织中均未见K2 0mRNA的表达。 6例膀胱癌组织中 ,仅有 1例呈阳性 ;5例肠癌组织中 ,4例呈阳性 ,表达量为阳性对照的 41%～ 77%。膀胱癌细胞株EJ1和肠癌细胞株SW480未见K2 0mRNA的表达。结论　K19、K2 0可作为检测外周血中循环癌细胞的生物标志物。但个别癌组织中K19、K2 0的表达低下 ,有可能导致检测出现假阴性结果。     

Cervical headgear and function regulator effects in Class II,division 1 patients

This study investigated 40 growing patients with Angle‐Class II, division 1, treated with either a functional regulator (FR) or cervical headgear (HG) over a period of approximately 1 year. The objective was to evaluate dentoalveolar and skeletal reactions.
Both appliances significantly (p<0.001) improved distocclusion and reduced the overjet. Cephalometric analyses revealed that the effects of these two appliances on the skeleton differed. Also, in the FR group, the inclination of incisors was (p<0.05) altered as well as the maxillary plane angle and the Wits‐appraisal (p<0.05). The HG group showed a significant (p<0.001) reduction in both SNA and ANB angles. Both appliances appear to be sufficient for improvement in patients with Class II, division 1 occlusion, with the HG showing an additional skeletal effect in the maxilla.     

Single chromosome defect, partial trisomy 1q, in a colon cancer cell line

The characterization of a single chromosome defect previously reported in a case of inherited nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is the essence of this communication. The defect, originally described as 13p+, is now being defined and the karyotype designated as 46,XY,-13,+der(13)t(1;13)(q32.1;p11).     

PET Imaging and Biodistribution of Silicon Quantum Dots in Mice

Investigation of nanomaterial disposition and fate in the body is critical before such material can be translated into clinical application. Herein a new macrocyclic ligand-(64)Cu(2+) complex was synthesized and used to label dextran-coated silicon quantum dots (QD), with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 15.1 ± 7.6 nm. The chelate showed exceptional stability, demonstrated by no loss radiolabel under a ligand competition reaction with EDTA. The QDs' biodistribution in mice was quantitatively evaluated by in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and ex vivo gamma counting. Results showed that they were excreted via renal filtration shortly postinjection and also accumulated in the liver.     

Horizontal cleavage tear of discoid medial meniscus diagnosed on MRI and treated with arthroscopic partial resection

Purpose  

To provided an evidence-based summarisation of the discoid medial meniscus in conjunction with a case report describing a novel management approach which includes MRI-assisted pre-operative planning and a limited meniscal resection.     

Effect of a ''centralized intensive education system'' for clean intermittent self-catheterization in patients with voiding dysfunction who start catheterization for the first time

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effects of a 'centralized intensive education system' (CIES) in terms of acquiring a proper clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) technique by patients with voiding dysfunction. METHODS: Between March 2002 and March 2003, we prospectively and consecutively enrolled 132 hospitalized patients who learnt and started CISC for the first time due to voiding dysfunction. Patients were enrolled either of two groups (the CIES group vs the 'individualized ward education system'[IWES] group) at the time of the urologic consultation for voiding dysfunction. Out of 132 patients who enrolled in the study, 112 (45 males and 67 females, mean age 57.3 with a range of 18-81) were included in the primary analyses. The questionnaire was applied immediately before discharge. RESULTS: There were similar patient demographics and clinical parameters for the CIES (n = 62) and the IWES groups (n = 50). Of 10 items including the methodology of CISC, six items discriminated significantly in favor of the CIES (P < 0.05). The patient satisfaction with CISC education was significantly different for the two groups in terms of response to the questionnaire. The CIES group was found to be more satisfied with the education received than the IWES group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the number of trials to gain confidence to perform CISC in CIES group was significantly fewer than that of IWES group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that CIES might be a superior training program for the patients with voiding dysfunction to acquire a proper CISC technique to the conventional IWES.     

颈髓损伤气管切开影响因素分析

[目的]探讨颈髓损伤患者气管切开的发生率和危险因素。[方法]收集整理1185例颈髓损伤患者的临床资料，统计气管切开率，通过Logistic回归分析评价年龄、性别、工作性质、受伤原因、颈髓损伤程度、颈髓损伤节段、治疗期间营养状态等因素对于患者气管切开率的影响。统计相关因素各分项下的气管切开率。[结果]99例患者被实施气管切开，气管切开率8．35％。年龄、颈髓损伤程度、颈髓损伤节段、受伤原因等因素与气管切开率相关，其他一些因素与气管切开率无显著相关性。随年龄的增长，颈髓损伤患者气管切开率逐渐增加，〈20岁的患者，无1例实施气管切开，〉60岁的患者气管切开率高达38．7％；随颈髓损伤程度的加重和节段的升高，气管切开率不断增加，ASIA分级D级颈髓损伤患者气管切开率为0．5％，而完全性颈髓损伤患者气管切开率高达19．1％；C7～C4节段的颈髓完全性损伤气管切开率分别为4．3％，22．3％，21．6％和32．7％，而c3和c3以上节段的完全性损伤患者，大部分在实施气管切开之前即发生死亡，故气管切开率并不高。高处坠落所致颈髓损伤患者较其他患者有更高的气管切开率。[结论]颈髓严重损伤、颈髓高位损伤和高龄是颈髓损伤患者气管切开的主要危险因素。高位的（c3和c3以上）颈髓完全性损伤患者应尽早实施气管切开。     

Surgically Managed Ovarian Masses at the Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne –19 Year Experience

Background/PurposeTo describe the clinicopathological characteristics and management of surgically removed ovarian masses at the Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne from 1993 to 2012.MethodsMedical records were reviewed retrospectively. Data regarding clinical findings, imaging and surgical management were evaluated.ResultsThere were 266 ovarian masses found in 258 surgeries (eight had bilateral masses). Most were benign (246/266, 92.5%), 2.3% (6/266) were borderline, and 5.3% (14/266) were malignant. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain for benign masses (169/246, 68.7%), and a palpable mass for borderline and malignant masses (12/20, 60.0%).Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for detection of malignancy was 64.7% and 52.9% respectively. Ovarian torsion occurred in 22.1% (n = 57), none with malignancy, with seven cases diagnosed under one year of age. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for ovarian torsion was 22.0% and 91.9%, respectively.The proportion undergoing ovarian cystectomy rather than oophorectomy has increased from 56.3% during 1993-1997 to 93.8% during 2008-2012 (p < 0.005). Ovarian torsion was managed with ovarian conservation in 82.6% of cases between 2008-2012.ConclusionThe majority of pediatric and adolescent ovarian masses were benign. Sensitivity of ultrasound was fair for detection of malignancy, and poor for ovarian torsion. Conservative surgeries are increasingly common.Level of EvidenceLevel IV – case series with no comparison groupType of StudyRetrospective Study     

神经病理性痛大鼠脊髓背角星形胶质细胞NF-κB活性的变化

目的 观察神经病理性痛大鼠脊髓背角星形胶质细胞NF-κB活性的变化,以探讨脊髓星形胶质细胞调控神经病理性痛时胞内可能的信号转导通路机制.方法 雄性SD大鼠16只,月龄2～3 71,体重220～280 g,随机分为2组(n=8):假手术组(S组)和神经病理性痛组(CCI组).CCI组采用慢性压迫性损伤法制备大鼠慢性神经病理性痛模型,S组仅暴露坐骨神经.分别于术前1 d和术后7 d测定机械痛阈和热痛阈,术后第7天测定痛阈后处死大鼠,取脊髓,记录腰段脊髓背角星形胶质细胞核内NF-κBp65的免疫反应阳性细胞数.结果 与术前1 d比较,CCI组大鼠术后7 d机械痛阈和热痛阈降低(P<0.05).与S组比较,CCI组大鼠术后7 d机械痛阈和热痛阈降低,术侧脊髓背角星形胶质细胞NF-κBp65免疫阳性细胞数增多(P<0.05).结论 脊髓背角星形胶质细胞参与大鼠神经病理性痛的调控,其机制可能与NF-κB信号转导通路有关.