自制复温约束保暖套在全麻开胸术后患者中的应用

目的 寻找一种既能复温保暖又有约束作用的工具.方法 将160例全麻开胸术后患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各80例.对照组采用常规方法复温与约束;观察组在常规复温基础上,采用自制复温约束保暖套行保暖复温约束,复温约束保暖套包括保温、观察与操作和约束三部分,应用时将复温约束保暖套套于手脚后,约束带约束患者脚踝或手腕并系于床挡...     

Intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions of cancer perception: a confirmatory factor analysis of the cancer experience and efficacy scale (CEES)

Purpose  

Sociocultural factors influence psychological adjustment to cancer in Asian patients in two major ways: prioritization of relationships over individual orientations and belief in the efficacy of interpersonal cooperation. We derived and validated among Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients an instrument assessing cancer perceptions to enable the study of the sociocultural processes.     

Roles of adipose restriction and metabolic factors in progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis in obese, diabetic mice

Background and Aims: We previously reported that steatohepatitis develops in obese, hypercholesterolemic, diabetic foz/foz mice fed a high‐fat (HF) diet for 12 months. We now report earlier onset of steatohepatitis in relation to metabolic abnormalities, and clarify the roles of dietary fat and bodily lipid partitioning on steatosis severity, liver injury and inflammatory recruitment in this novel non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model. Methods: Foz/foz (Alms1 mutant) and wild‐type (WT) mice were fed a HF diet or chow, and metabolic characteristics and liver histology were studied at 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks. Results: After 12 weeks HF‐feeding, foz/foz mice were obese and diabetic with approximately 70% reduction in serum adiponectin. Hepatomegaly developed at this time, corresponding to a plateau in adipose expansion and increased adipose inflammation. Liver histology showed mild inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning as well as steatosis. By 24 weeks, HF‐fed foz/foz mice developed severe steatohepatitis (marked steatosis, alanine aminotransferase elevation, ballooning, inflammation, fibrosis), whereas dietary and genetic controls showed only simple steatosis. While steatosis was associated with hepatic lipogenesis, indicated by increased fatty acid synthase activity, steatohepatitis was associated with significantly higher levels of CD36, indicating active fatty acid uptake, possibly under the influence of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ. Conclusion: In mice genetically predisposed to obesity and diabetes, HF feeding leads to restriction of adipose tissue for accommodation of excess energy, causing lipid partitioning into liver, and transformation of simple steatosis to fibrosing steatohepatitis. The way in which HF feeding ‘saturates’ adipose stores, decreases serum adiponectin and causes hepatic inflammation in steatohepatitis may provide clues to pathogenesis of NASH in metabolic syndrome.     

体外培养表达人β-NGF基因的猫角膜内皮细胞

目的:体外培养表达人β-神经生长因子基因(β-nerve growth factor,β-NGF)的工程化猫角膜内皮细胞,为进一步猫角膜内皮细胞的移植做准备。方法:将人β-NGF重组真核表达载体pcDNA4-β-NGF,通过EffecteneTM脂质体介导转染到体外培养的猫角膜内皮细胞中,选择性培养基筛选转基因后细胞,人NGF单克隆抗体行细胞免疫组织化学染色(immunohistochemistry)。结果:选择性培养基培养2wk后筛选出独立细胞克隆,该细胞高表达人β-NGF基因。结论:转基因方法可体外培养出表达人β-NGF基因的工程化猫角膜内皮细胞。     

佛鱼饮治疗29例慢阻肺病急性发作期患者的疗效观察

目的观察清热化痰活血法组方的佛鱼饮联合西药治疗慢阻肺病急性发作期的临床疗效。方法59例患者随机分为两组,治疗组29例在西医常规治疗基础上口服佛鱼饮;对照组30例,给予抗感染、祛痰止咳平喘等常规治疗。结果治疗14 d,治疗组的临床总有效率为69.69%,明显好于对照组;治疗组动脉血气较对照组明显好转（P〈0.05）;两组白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分数均较疗前明显降低（P〈0.01）,淋巴细胞百分数明显升高（P〈0.01）,治疗组改善比对照组明显。结论佛鱼饮联合西药治疗慢阻肺病急性发作的疗效优于对照组,是治疗慢阻肺病急性发作的有效方,值得临床推广运用。     

Feasibility of using interpolated contours of targets and organs at risk in intensity‐modulated radiation therapy treatment planning for advanced‐stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma

To assess the dosimetric effect of using interpolated contours in planning intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for advanced T‐stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The present study focused on T3–T4 tumours where the proximity of targets to neurological organs poses a stringent test on the feasibility of such an approach. Contours of targets and organs were delineated on CT images of 2.5‐mm interval and a reference IMRT plan was generated. An investigative (INV) IMRT plan was then generated with the same planning protocol, but based on interpolated contours that replaced deleted contours on alternate slices. The reference and INV plans were compared. Regarding target coverage, all targets in the INV plans met the acceptance criteria except for the PTV in one case. Regarding organs, the mean dose to 1% volume of the brainstem and spinal cord in the INV plans were kept below their dose limits. No significant differences in the mean doses to others organs were found. Satisfactory target coverage and protection of critical organs to a degree similar to full‐scale contouring could be achieved with use of interpolated contours. The saving in manpower time for contouring is expected to significantly improve the throughput of the IMRT planning process.