As a recently discovered adipokine, nesfatin-1 is conducive to insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, energy balance, and probably obesity.
Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of upper-body resistance exercise training (RET) on nesfatin-1 levels, insulin resistance, lipid profile, and body composition in obese paraplegic men.
Methods
Twenty obese paraplegic men were randomly assigned into control and upper-body RET groups. Upper-body RET was performed for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week at an intensity corresponding to 60–80% maximum amount of force that can be generated in one maximal contraction in 5 stations (bench press, seated rows, sitting lat pulldown, arm extension, and arm curls). Body fat percentage was determined according to 4-sites skinfold protocol of Durnin and Womersley and Siri equation. Obesity for spinal cord injury patients in the current study was set at BMI >22?kg/m2. Data were statistically analyzed by paired and independent t-test (P?<?0.05).
Results
We found significant improvements in serum levels of nesfatin-1 (21.13%), insulin sensitivity (8.95%), and high-density lipoprotein (10.87%). Other lipid profile markers, i.e. low-density lipoprotein (4.32%), cholesterol (8.20%), and triglyceride (15.10%) reduced significantly after upper-body RET. Moreover, upper-body RET led to a significant reduction in body mass index (2.36%), body fat percentage (2.79%), and waist-to-hip ratio (2.40%).
Conclusion
Upper-body RET improved insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and body composition in paraplegic men. Serum nefastin-1 may be a potential marker of success in weight management in this population. 相似文献
Hypertension is an important risk factor for the development of heart failure. Increased production of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) contributes to cardiac dysfunction by activating numerous pro-hypertrophic signaling cascades and damaging the mitochondria,
thus setting off a vicious cycle of ROS generation. The way in which oxidative stress leads to exacerbation of systolic and
diastolic dysfunction is still unclear, however. In skeletal muscle and ischemic myocardium, increased ROS production causes
preferential oxidation of myofibrillar proteins and provides a mechanistic link between oxidative damage and impaired contractility
through disruption of actin-myosin interactions, enzymatic functions, calcium sensitivity, and efficiency of cross-bridge
cycling. In this review, we summarize recent findings in the fields of heart failure and sarcomere biology and speculate that
oxidative damage to myofibrils may contribute to the development of heart failure. 相似文献
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) with number of metabolic syndrome (Mets) components on the personnel working in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 167 personnel aged 30–60 years old. ATP III criteria were used to diagnose patients with MetS. Oxidative stress indicators were measured. The data was analyzed via one-way ANOVA, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients.
Results
The result showed that TAC had a significant positive correlation with HDL and a significant negative correlation with abdominal obesity. In addition, there was a significant positive association between the level of MDA and age, BMI, abdominal obesity, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and LDL; however, it had a negative significant correlation with HDL.
Conclusions
The measurement of TAC and MDA biomarkers can increase the early diagnosis of patients at risk of developing Mets. 相似文献
AIM: Venous obstruction following transvenous device implantation rarely cause immediate clinical problems. When lead revision or device upgrade is indicated, venous obstruction become a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of venous obstruction after transvenous device implantation, and to asess likely effects of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs in preventing venous thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between March 2005 and July 2006, contrast venography was performed in 100 patients who were candidates for generator change, lead revision, or device upgrade. Vessel patency was graded as either completely obstructed, partially obstructed (>70%), or patent. The incidence of venous obstruction was 26%, with 9% of patients having total obstruction and 17% of patients exhibiting partial obstruction. No statistically significant differences between obstructed and non-obstructed patients were seen for age, sex, indication for device implantation, atrial fibrillation, cardiothoracic ratio, insulation material, operative technique, device type, and manufacturer (all Ps > 0.05). In a univariate analysis, multiple leads (P = 0.033), and presence of dilated cardiomyopathy (P = 0.036) were associated with higher risk of venous obstruction, whereas anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy (P = 0.047) significantly reduced incidence of venous obstruction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only number of the leads (P = 0.039, OR: 2.22, and 95% CI: 1.03-4.76) and antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy (P = 0.044, OR: 2.79, and 95% CI: 0.98-7.96) were predictors of venous obstruction. CONCLUSION: Total or partial obstruction of the access veins occurs relatively frequently after pacemaker or ICD implantation. Multiple pacing or ICD leads are associated with an increased risk of venous obstruction, whereas antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy appears to have a preventive effect on development of access vein thrombosis. 相似文献
The enterohepatic circulation of thyroid hormones is increased in thyrotoxicosis. Bile-salt sequestrants bind thyroid hormones in the intestine and thereby increase their fecal excretion. Based on these observations, the use of cholestyramine has been tried. The present study evaluates the effect of low doses of cholestyramine as an adjunctive therapy in the management of hyperthyroidism. In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 45 patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroid Graves' disease were randomly assigned into the following treatment protocols: group I, cholestyramine 2 g BID, methimazole and propranolol; group II, cholestyramine 1 g BID, methimazole and propranolol; group III, placebo powder, methimazole and propranolol. The fixed dose of methimazole (30 mg/d) and propranolol (40 mg/d) was used. The study period was 4 weeks. Serum total triiodothyronine and free thyroxin were measured at baseline, and at the ends of the second and the fourth week of the study. The serum thyroid hormone levels decreased more rapidly and to a greater extent in the cholestyramine-treated groups. All of the patients in group I had achieved euthyroid state at the end of the study. We conclude that low dose of cholestyramine is an effective and well-tolerated adjunctive agent in the treatment of hyperthyroid Graves' disease. 相似文献
Objective: Efficacy of the conventional- versus high-dose vancomycin regimen in patients with acute bacterial meningitis was compared.
Methods: In a randomized clinical trial 44 patients with acute bacterial meningitis were randomly assigned to the conventional- or high-dose vancomycin groups. Clinical and laboratory parameters were used for evaluation of response to the treatment regimens.
Results: In the high-dose group, leukocytosis and fever resolved significantly faster than those in the conventional group. Furthermore, the length of hospitalization was shorter and Glasgow Coma Scale at the end of 10th day was significantly lower in the high dose compared to the conventional group. Trend of creatinine clearance changes did not differ significantly between the two groups.
Conclusion: In comparison to the conventional-dose regimen, the high-dose vancomycin regimen was associated with significantly more favorable clinical response without increase in the incidence of nephrotoxicity in patients with acute bacterial meningitis. 相似文献
Nanoparticles (NPs) play an important role in anticancer delivery systems. Surface modified NPs with hydrophilic polymers such as human serum albumin (HSA) have long half-life in the blood circulation system.
Methods
The method of modified nanoprecipitation was utilized for encapsulation of paclitaxel (PTX) in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Para-maleimide benzoic hydrazide was conjugated to PLGA for the surface modifications of PLGA NPs, and then HSA was attached on the surface of prepared NPs by maleimide attachment to thiol groups (cysteines) of albumin. The application of HSA provides for the longer blood circulation of stealth NPs due to their escape from reticuloendothelial system (RES). Then the physicochemical properties of NPs like surface morphology, size, zeta potential, and in-vitro drug release were analyzed.
Results
The particle size of NPs ranged from 170 to 190 nm and increased about 20–30 nm after HSA conjugation. The zeta potential was about -6 mV and it decreased further after HSA conjugation. The HSA conjugation in prepared NPs was proved by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, faster degradation of HSA in Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) characterization, and other evidences such as the increasing in size and the decreasing in zeta potential. The PTX released in a biphasic mode for all colloidal suspensions. A sustained release profile for approximately 33 days was detected after a burst effect of the loaded drug. The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation also indicated that the HSA NPs are more cytotoxic than plain NPs.
Conclusions
HSA decoration of PLGA NPs may be a suitable method for longer blood circulation of NPs. 相似文献