Infection in diabetic osteoarthropathy: use of indium-labeled leukocytes for diagnosis

Indium-111 labeled leukocyte imaging was compared with three-phase skeletal scintigraphy as a means of determining whether osteomyelitis was complicating diabetic osteoarthropathy. Three-phase scintigraphy demonstrated increased activity in both infected and noninfected osteopathic bone, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 56% for osteomyelitis. Leukocyte imaging had the same sensitivity but was most helpful for excluding infection (specificity, 89%) when three-phase imaging could not. Abnormal leukocyte localization was seen at the primary site of infection in all cases within 4 hours after injection. Disadvantages of leukocyte imaging included long preparation time, low count rates resulting in poor spatial resolution, and absence of bone landmarks, which made it difficult to differentiate soft tissue from bone infection.     

Misdiagnosis of tuberculosis and the clinical relevance of non—tuberculous mycobacteria in Zambia

ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of TB diagnosis of TB in Zambia in the era of increasing HIV prevalence.MethodsSputum of the clinically diagnosed TB cases was additionally subjected to liquid culture and molecular identification. This study distinguished between TB cases confirmed by positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) cultures and mycobacterial disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).ResultsOnly 49% of the 173 presumptively diagnosed TB cases was M. tuberculosis cultured, while in 13% (22) cases, a combination of M. tuberculosis and NTM was found. In 18% of the patients only NTM were cultured. In 28%, no mycobacteria was cultivable. HIV positive status was correlated with the isolation of NTM (P <0.05).ConclusionsThe diagnosis of tuberculosis based on symptoms, sputum smear and/or chest X-ray leads to significant numbers of false-positive TB cases in Zambia, most likely due to the increased prevalence of HIV. The role of NTM in tuberculosis-like disease also seems relevant to the false diagnosis of TB in Zambia.     

Trisomy 16鼠结肠和人先天性巨结肠蛋白基因产物9.5的表达

目的：研究Ｄｏｗｎ’ｓ 综合征动物模型ｔｒｉｓｏｍｙ １６ 结肠神经系发育和先天性巨结肠（ＨＤ） 病变肠管蛋白基因产物９－５（ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ ｇｅｎｅ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ９ ．５ ,ＰＧＰ９－５） 的神经表达。方法：Ｔｒｉｓｏｍｙ １６ 鼠培育;细胞遗传学分析;Ｔｒｉｓｏｍｙ １６ 鼠结肠和ＨＤＰＧＰ９－５ 免疫组织化学。结果：（１）Ｔｒｉｓｏｍｙ １６ 鼠结肠神经系发育异常,肌间神经丛发育迟缓,粘膜下神经丛缺失,结肠末端有５ ｍｍ 的无神经节区,但结肠系膜神经发育良好;（２）ＨＤ狭窄段肠管ＰＧＰ９－５ 阳性神经纤维大量增生,神经节细胞缺如。结论：（１）Ｔｒｉｓｏｍｙ １６ 鼠具有稳定的遗传学特征,可能伴先天性巨结肠。（２） 由于ＨＤ 狭窄段肠管神经节细胞缺失,增生的ＰＧＰ９－５ 阳性神经纤维是肠道外源性神经的代偿,对其神经元的性质尚有待确定。（３）ＨＤ有遗传倾向     

妊娠诱发先天异常输尿管结石梗阻1例

1病例报告女,26岁.因孕5 mo余,右腰腹部间断性疼痛3 d伴高烧,于2004-05-27急诊入本院泌尿外科.患者疼痛难忍,向右下腹放射,间歇性,无恶心呕吐,无尿急、尿频、尿痛,伴发热,体温最高可达40℃,既往无泌尿系患病史.查体: T 40℃,P 110次/min,BP 16/10 kPa,R 21次/min.痛苦面容,心肺正常,右肾区及右输尿管走行区扣击痛.     

转小鼠TNFα基因大鼠脑缺血时TNFα表达对小胶质细胞激活的影响

目的：观察转小鼠TNFα基因大鼠脑缺血再灌流不同时间TNFα表达的动态变化及其对小胶质细胞激活的影响。方法：采用线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型,用TNFα、整合素QM(OX42)免疫组化染色观察转小鼠TNFα基因大鼠未缺血脑组织及缺血1h再灌注3h、12h、24h、72h、7d时的TNFα表达及小胶质细胞激活状态。结果：转小鼠TNFα基因大鼠缺血1h再灌注3hTNFα表达较未缺血脑组织明显增加,并达峰值,缺血1h再灌注12～72h,TNFα表达仍较显著,但随时间的延长逐渐减少,再灌注7d时,TNFα表达接近缺血前水平。转小鼠TNFα基因大鼠脑组织小胶质细胞缺血1h再灌注3h小胶质细胞极显著地被激活,并达峰值;缺血1h再灌注12h、24h、72h、7d时脑组织小胶质细胞与未缺血脑组织比较显著被激活,但随时间的延长,小胶质细胞激活状态逐渐接近缺血前的水平。结论：脑缺血再灌注后TNFα表达的动态变化与小胶质细胞激活的动态变化完全一致,提示脑缺血再灌注后小胶质细胞的激活主要与TNFα的过度表达有关。     

看见美丽饮品好气色要内外兼修与朱丹一同探寻胶原蛋白是怎么来的

七月盛夏,宝岛台湾却惬意非常!浙江卫视女主播朱丹带领许多媒体朋友一同到南台湾做了一个很特别的美丽之旅,这一次,胶原蛋白不仅可以喝,还能被“看”出来。     

Genotype of the cystic fibrosis population of the Hunter Region of New South Wales

Objective : To determine the genotype of patients attending the cystic fibrosis clinic at John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.
Methodology : Seventy-five of the 76 patients attending the clinic over a 6 month period had blood collected for genetic analysis of 17 of the cystic fibrosis (CF) gene mutations.
Results : Sixty-one per cent of the patients were homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation and all except one child had at least one ΔF508 mutation.
Discussion : Nearly 80% of the CF genes were the ΔF508 mutation. This prevalence suggests that the obligatory false negative rate of a newborn screening programme for CF based on a combination of immunoreactive trypsin and the ΔF508 gene may be as low as 4-5%.     

阿司匹林与埃索美拉唑合用较氯吡格雷减少高危患者再次溃疡出血的发生

问题：在有阿司匹林诱发溃疡出血史的患者中，用氯毗格雷预防溃疡出血复发，是否不次于小剂量阿司匹林加埃索美拉唑？[编者按]