Factors associated with death in hospitalized pneumonia patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in Shenyang,China

Background  

During the spring of 2009, a pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged and spread globally. We describe the clinical characteristics and factors associated with the death of patients who were hospitalized with 2009 H1N1 influenza pneumonia in Shenyang, China, from November to December 2009.     

血清抗内皮细胞抗体在突发性耳聋诊断和预后中的价值

目的:检测突发性耳聋(sudden hearing loss,SHL)患者血清抗内皮细胞抗体(anti-endothelial cell antibody,AECA)的水平并探讨其临床价值。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附方法检测67例SHL患者(SHL组)及30例健康者(对照组)的血清AECA水平。分析血清AECA与SHL患者性别、年龄、听力损失程度、听力下降类型及预后之间的关系。结果:AECA阳性率在SHL组、对照组中分别为70.15%(47/67)、23.33%(7/30),差异有统计学意义(P=0.0000)。SHL组血清AECA浓度显著高于对照组(P=0.0001)。血清AECA阳性分布与患者性别、年龄、听力下降类型无显著相关,但与听力下降程度和预后呈显著相关(P=0.0366;P=0.0324);且在41.031ng/mL～162.26ng/mL范围内时,AECA水平与患者预后呈正相关(r=0.7346,P=0.0000)。对照组和SHL组ROC曲线下面积为0.7657[标准误为0.0479,95%可信区间为(0.66830～0.85594)]。结论:血清中的AECA可能在SHL的发病机制中发挥了重要作用,AECA还有望作为患者筛选及指导预后的血清学指标。     

北京某医院临床医师常用医学检索软件与工具的调查

目的了解不同级别临床医师常用医学检索软件和工具的使用情况。 方法设计调查问卷,分别对北京市某医院高年级见习医师、住院医师、主治医师、副主任/主任医师（≤45岁、>45岁各50名）各100名进行问卷调查。 结果高年级见习医师检索软件首选百度（50%）、检索工具首选手机（65%）;住院医师检索软件首选临床指南（60%）,检索工具首选手机（63%）;主治医师检索软件首选临床指南（58%）,检索工具首选手机（55%）;副主任/主任医师≤45岁者检索软件首选PubMed（46%）、检索工具首选台式机（44%）,而>45岁者检索软件首选百度（44%）,检索工具首选台式机（72%）。 结论不同级别临床医师首选医学检索软件和工具不同,可能与年龄、教育环境、个人习惯等有关。     

儿童发育性髋关节脱位闭合复位术后髋关节恢复正常X线表现影响因素的多中心回顾性研究

目的:探讨发育性髋关节脱位(developmental dislocation of the hip, DDH)闭合复位术后髋关节恢复正常影像学表现的概率及其影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2004年1月至2015年12月采用闭合复位石膏固定治疗的507例(586髋)DDH患儿的病历资料。其中,男50例,女457例;左侧25...     

Steroids for the treatment of methimazole-induced severe cholestatic jaundice in a 74-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes

Methimazole is a widely used antithyroid agent. Although methimazole is generally well tolerated, rare but severe cholestatic jaundice may occur. We described a 74-year-old woman who had a 10-year history of type 2 diabetes had developed severe jaundice and itching 1 month after receiving methimazole (10 mg tid) and propranolol (10 mg tid) for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Clinical investigations revealed no evidence of any mechanical obstruction in the common bile duct or other obvious causes of hepatic injury, and the diagnosis methimazole-induced cholestasis was made on the basis of the temporal relationship between initiation of methimazole and onset of cholestasis. Methimazole was hence discontinued. However, the patient experienced a progressive worsening in cholestasis after receiving 2 weeks of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy. Prednisone therapy was then attempted. Liver function tests eventually improved with combination of glucocorticoids and ursodeoxycholic acid therapy. This case clearly showed that glucocorticoids could be a possible additional way of treatment for some cases of drug-induced cholestatic jaundice even in diabetic patients.     

Differential effects of melatonin on amyloid‐β peptide 25–35‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons at different stages of culture

Abstract: β‐Amyloid (Aβ) is strongly involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and mitochondria play an important role in neurodegenerative disorders. To determine whether any different effect of melatonin on cultured neurons treated with Aβ in vitro and which may be produced through its different action on mitochondria at different stages of culture, we investigated the damage of cultured rat hippocampal neurons mitochondrial function induced by Aβ in young neurons [days in vitro 10 (DIV 10)] and senescent neurons (DIV 25) and the protective effect of melatonin. Rat hippocampal neurons were incubated with amyloid‐β peptide 25–35 (Aβ25‐35) alone or pretreatment with melatonin. Cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), ATP and the activity of the respiratory chain complexes were measured. Data showed that Aβ25‐35 caused a reduction in Δψm, inhibited the activity of the respiratory chain complexes and led to ATP depletion, melatonin attenuated Aβ25‐35‐induced mitochondrial impairment in young neurons, whereas melatonin had no effect on Aβ25‐35‐induced mitochondrial damage in senescent neurons. These results demonstrate that melatonin has differential effect on Aβ25‐35‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction at different stages of culture and suggest that melatonin is useful for the prevention of AD, rather than treatment.     

Compound and heterozygous mutations of DSG2 identified by Whole Exome Sequencing in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia with ventricular tachycardia

Backgrounds

This study was designed to identify the pathogenic mutations in two Chinese families of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) using the Whole Exome Sequencing (WES).

Experimental Wear Behavior Analysis of Coated Spindle Hook Teeth under Real Harvesting Work Conditions

This study aimed to investigate the wear failure changes of spindle hook teeth and the reasons for such failure during field work. Spindle samples were obtained from a fixed position of the spindle bar under different field picking area conditions and combined with the spatial distribution characteristics of cotton bolls in Xinjiang. After cutting a spindle sample, a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrum analyzer were used to characterize the micromorphology and element composition of the hook tooth surface and cross section under different working area conditions. The wear parameters of the hook teeth were then extracted. The results showed that the thickness of the coating on the surface of the hook tooth used in this study was between 66.1 µm and 74.4 µm. The major chemical element was chromium, with a small amount of nickel. During the field picking process, failure of the coating on the surface of the hook teeth initially appeared on the tooth tip and tooth edge, and then spread to the entire hook tooth surface. The wear failure of the hook teeth resulted from abrasive wear, oxidative wear, and fatigue peeling. As the picking area increased, the wear area of the hook teeth increased exponentially, while the wear width increased linearly. When the field picking area reached 533.33 ha, the maximum change rate of the wear area was 2.33 × 10³ µm²/ha, and the wear width was 1.84 µm/ha. During field work, the thickness of the coating decreased from the cutting surface to the tooth edge, and the wear rate gradually increased. The wear rate at Position 1 was the slowest, at 0.01 µm/ha, and the wear rate at Position 5 was the fastest, at 0.25 µm/ha.     

糖尿病患者合并社区获得性肺炎的临床特点及预后分析

社区获得性肺炎(CAP)是临床上最常见的感染性疾病之一.糖尿病(DM)是全球范围内发病率最高的慢性疾病之一,DM不仅能导致多器官并发症,而且也是发生CAP的高危因素.DM患者发生CAP的流行病学、发病机制、病原学特点、实验室检查、治疗及预后较单纯CAP患者均有区别.     

癫痫患儿PBMC分泌IL-10、IFN-γ的研究

目的　探讨癫痫与细胞因子之间的关系。方法　应用ＥＬＩＳＡ 方法测定了５３ 例癫痫患儿（ 其中２０例服用ＰＢ，１３ 例服用ＣＢＺ，２０ 例未服药）及１６ 例对照的外周血单个核细胞分泌的白细胞介素－ １０（ＩＬ－ １０） 及干扰素－ γ（ＩＦＮ－ γ）。结果　ＩＬ－ １０、ＩＦＮ－ γ显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０ ．０１），并且两者呈正相关（ｒｓ＝ ０．６２０２，Ｐ＜０ ．００１） ，ＩＬ－ １０／ＩＦＮ－ γ的比值降低，上述各项指标与患儿是否服药无关。结论　癫痫患儿处于免疫调节网络失衡状态，ＩＦＮ－ γ可能参与了惊厥的发生，而ＩＬ－ １０ 起负反馈调节的作用。