不同浓度的亚甲蓝对创伤失血性休克家兔的血压影响

目的：用低中高浓度亚甲蓝（methylene blue,MB）处理家兔创伤失血性休克模型,观察用药后休克家兔在不同时间点血压的变化。方法：取家兔15只,建立创伤失血性休克模型,随机分成3组,分别低剂量（4 mg/kg）、中剂量（8 mg/kg）和高剂量（12 mg/kg）亚甲蓝处理,观察不同时间点动脉收缩压、舒张压和平均压的变化。结果：在用药后75 min内,与高剂量亚甲蓝比较,低中剂量亚甲蓝可显著增加创伤失血性休克模型的血压（P〈0.05）。结论：低中剂量亚甲蓝可改善家兔创伤失血性休克模型的血压。     

大荆山银花和山东金银花的含量比较

[目的]通过高效液相色谱法测定大荆山银花和山东金银花绿原酸和木樨草苷的含量情况,进行药用价值的比较。[方法]绿原酸通过岛津液相色谱仪(SPD-10AVP)用2005年药典规定方法对大荆产山银花及山东金银花进行含量测定;木樨草苷通过。Agilent(安捷伦)1200用2005年药典规定方法对两样品进行含量测定。[结果]大荆山银花绿原酸2.390%,木樨草苷1.030%山东金银花绿原酸3.228%,木樨草苷1.030%。[结论]大荆产山银花及山金银花均符合药典规定。     

Quantitative Tract-Specific Measures of Uncinate and Cingulum in Major Depression Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Previous findings suggested the role of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus in major depressive disorders (MDD), but the white matter microstructural abnormalities of the fibers connecting these brain structures are not known. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that white matter abnormalities are present in association fibers of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and cingulum bundle (CB) among MDD subjects. A total of 21 MDD subjects aged between 30 and 65 years and 21 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All subjects were right-handed and without history of diabetes or other cardiac diseases. We extracted quantitative tract-specific measures based on diffusion tensor imaging tractography to examine both diffusivity and geometric properties of the UF and CB. Significantly decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased radial diffusivity of the right UF were observed in MDD patients compared with HC (p<0.05), while their geometric characteristics remained relatively unchanged. Among MDD subjects, depression severity had a significant negative correlation with normalized number of fibers (NNF) in the right UF (r=−0.53, p=0.02). We also found significant age effect (old<young) in HC group and laterality effect (L>R) in both groups in the FA measure of the CB. Our study demonstrates novel findings of white matter microstructural abnormalities of the right UF in MDD. In the MDD group, the severity of depression is associated with reduced NNF in the right UF. These findings have implications for both clinical manifestations of depression as well as its pathophysiology.     

硬膜外隙预注小剂量吗啡超前镇痛对高龄患者术后认知功能的影响

目的观察术前硬膜外隙预注小剂量吗啡超前镇痛对高龄患者术后认知功能的影响。方法选择在硬膜外麻醉下行单侧人工全髋关节置换术且麻醉效果确切的的高龄患者84例,随机均分为A、B两组。A组在麻醉平面出现后,0.75%布比卡因5～10mL注入硬膜外隙前,吗啡1.5mg注入硬膜外隙。B组在术毕将吗啡1.5mg注入硬膜外隙。观察并记录两组患者术后镇痛持续时间、术后镇痛中恶心、呕吐等不良反应。分别于术后4、8、12、20、24、30、36和48h进行镇痛及舒适度评分。并分别于术前1d、术后1d、术后3d和术后7d由本院同一心理医师采用神经心理学测试技术简易智力状态检查(MMSE)评定患者认知功能。结果 A组综合镇痛质量明显优于B组,镇痛时间长于B组(P<0.05);与术前1d比较,B组于术后1d及术后3d时MMSE评分明显降低(P<0.05);与B组比较,A组于术后1d及3d时MMSE评分明显升高(P<0.05),A、B两组POCD的发生率分别为6.1%和14.2%,A组明显低于B组(P<0.05)结论硬膜外隙预注小剂量吗啡超前镇痛可降低高龄患者术后认知功能障碍的发生率     

Clinical practice guideline of Chinese medicine for chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis(CG) is an inflammatory condition of the gastric mucosa,induced by various causes.A commonly-seen disease in clinical practice,it is found in about 80%-90% of patients undergoing gastroscopic examination.The prevalence rate in the general population remains unclear.It is generally considered that its incidence rate accords with Helicobacter.pylori     

产前血型抗体水平监测与新生儿溶血病相关系数探讨

目的探讨孕妇IgG血型抗体效价动态检测变化与新生儿溶血病相关系数研究。方法 640例O型RhD阳性孕妇从妊娠16周开始检查IgG抗-A(B)效价,如效价超过64以上,即给予口服茵陈汤加减,每6周或4周复查1次。记录动态检测变化结果,同时跟踪观察。结果 640例O型孕妇末次IgG抗-A(B)效价<64、64、128、256、512和≥1024各组所占比例分别为45.9%、20.6%、18.4%、10.0%、3.7%、1.2%。效价≥64的346例O型孕妇生产190例ABOHDN,其发生率为54.91%。结论 ABOHDN的发生与孕期动态升高的IgG血型抗体效价呈正相关。     

乳腺癌患者术后化疗期人格特征与情绪状况的关系研究

目的探讨乳腺癌患者术后化疗期的情绪状况、人格特征及其关系。方法采用简明心境问卷和艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版对术后化疗的原发性乳腺癌患者进行调查,并对结果进行分析。结果乳腺癌患者的负性情绪紧张-焦虑、疲乏-迟钝和迷惑-混乱得分大于5分,处在"少许"到"中度"之间,有30%以上患者的疲乏-迟钝、抑郁-沮丧和紧张-焦虑负性情绪均分大于2分;在人格特征中,外向性、神经质和掩饰性量表得分显著高于常模(P<0.05);采用偏相关分析显示,患者的外向性与负性情绪和POMS-SF总分呈显著负相关,与正性情绪精力呈显著正相关(P<0.05);神经质与负性情绪和POMS-SF总分呈显著正相关,与正性情绪精力呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者术后化疗期人格特征与其情绪状况密切相关,在临床护理干预中应针对其人格特征进行有效的心理干预,以缓解患者的负性情绪。     

出生缺陷影响因素临床分析

目的探讨围生儿出生缺陷的影响因素。方法按照全国出生缺陷监测方法,对2008年1月~2010年12月孕龄为13周~产后7 d发现的出生缺陷儿进行监测。结果出生缺陷发生率为14.32‰,出生缺陷畸形类别排名前3位的依次为先天性心脏病、胎儿水肿、颜面部畸形。出生缺陷的发生与孕母的年龄、居住环境、文化程度有关。结论通过胎儿系统超声、产前筛查结合胎儿染色体核型分析进行产前诊断,可以避免智力障碍和发育障碍患儿出生。     

肿瘤患者随访信息平台建设与应用

分析国内肿瘤患者随访信息平台现状,介绍肿瘤患者随访信息平台建设的目的、意义、基础条件、预期达到的目标以及考核标准,提高有效随访率,为临床、科研、管理部门提供准确的随访结果,提高医疗资源利用率。     

局麻下吻合器痔上黏膜环切术治疗重度痔疮的疗效观察

目的探讨局麻下吻合器痔上黏膜环切术（PPH）治疗重度痔疮的临床效果。方法以本院收治的采用PPH治疗的106例重度痔疮患者为观察组,以同期采用传统外剥内扎术治疗的66例重度痔疮患者为对照组,比较两种术式的临床疗效及术后并发症情况。结果观察组的术中出血量、术后继发出血量、住院时间及手术时间均明显少于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组治疗后的有效率和治愈率均明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗后,观察组并发症发病率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论PPH治疗重度痔疮临床疗效确切,并发症发生率低,值得推广应用。