PCR检测角膜内单疱病毒DNA的实验及临床研究

为了探索单疱病毒性角膜炎的发病机制和快速诊断ＨＳＫ。方法应用多聚酶链反应对感染的ＨＳＫ的２０只纯新西兰白兔和６０例ＨＳＫ患者的角膜进行了单疱病毒－１－ＤＮＡ检测。结果急性感染期的５只兔角膜和１２只人角膜均阳性；用稳定期４５ｄ的兔角供体行部分穿透性角膜移植术，术后５０ｄ１０只兔角膜中７只阳性，稳定期６个月－６年的１８只人角膜片，１２只阳性；３０例临床可疑ＨＳＫ角膜刮取物，２６例阳性；５只未感染ＨＳＫ     

Relationship of maternal smoking during pregnancy to placenta previa.

Although maternal smoking during pregnancy is reportedly associated with placenta previa, its etiology is unknown. We examined this association by using North Carolina vital records of 1988 and 1989. Among women who smoked 0, 1-9, 10-19, and > or = 20 cigarettes per day during pregnancy, the prevalence of placenta previa at delivery was 3.8, 5.7, 6.3, and 6.7 per 1,000 singleton live births, respectively, in the entire population. However, after the potential confounders (maternal age, race, gravidity, parity, previous pregnancy terminations, previous cesarean section, and gestational age) were controlled by individual matching, the adjusted overall odds ratio (OR) was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05, 1.58) with slight dose-response gradients. Our study indicates that, although maternal smoking during pregnancy might affect placenta previa, the magnitude is substantially smaller than previously reported. This association may be attributable to other factors, such as detection bias.     

Chronic Ethanol Inhibits Inositol Metabolism in Specific Brain Regions

Many neurotransmitters and hormones in the nervous system transmit signals through receptors coupled to the poly-phosphoinositide (PI) signaling pathway. In this study, an in vivo protocol with (³H]inositol was used to examine the effect of chronic ethanol administration on inositol metabolism and poly-PI turnover in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of mouse brain. C57BL/6 mice were given a nutritionally complete liquid diet containing either ethanol (5%, w/v) or isocaloric sucrose for 2 months. Mice were injected intracerebrally with ^rH]inositol; after 16 or 24 hr, they were injected intraperitoneally with lithium (8 mEq/kg body weight) to inhibit the inositol monophosphatase (IP₁) activity. All mice were decapitated 4 hr after lithium injection. Labeled inositol phospholipids accounted for 16 to 23% of total labeled inositol in different regions of control mouse brain, and the percentages in the hippocampus were consistently higher than the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. In control mice, the percentages of labeled IP, after a 4-hr lithium treatment were 11.5%, 9.9%, and 3.7% for cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, respectively. Chronic ethanol feeding resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the percent of labeled IP₁ and inositol phospholipids, and this effect was observed in the cerebral cortex and, to a lesser extent, hippocampus but not cerebellum. When ratios of labeled IP₁ were expressed against labeled inositol phospholipids as an index of the poly-PI turnover activity, significant decreases in IP/lipid ratios were observed in the cerebral cortex, but not the hippocampus or cerebellum. Although mice killed 24 + 4 hr after the last ethanol feeding would have experienced an 8-hr period of ethanol withdrawal, compared with the 16 + 4-hr group, no differences in IP/lipid ratios were observed between the two time groups. These results illustrate regional differences in the effect of chronic ethanol on inositol metabolism in the brain, but no difference in poly-PI turnover in brain due to ethanol withdrawal.     

Association of myopathy with large-scale mitochondrial dna duplications and deletions: Which is pathogenic?

We identified large-scale heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rearrangements in a 50–year-old woman with an adult-onset progressive myopathy. The predominant mtDNA abnormality was a 21.2–kb duplicated molecule. In addition, a small population of the corresponding partially deleted 4.6–kb molecule was detected. Skeletal muscle histology revealed fibers that were negative for cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity and had reduced mtDNA-encoded COX subunits. By single-fiber polymerase chain reaction analysis, COX-negative fibers contained a low number of wild-type or duplicated mtDNA molecules (ie, nondeleted). In situ hybridization demonstrated that the abnormal fibers contained increased amounts of mtDNA compared with normal fibers and that most of the genomes were deleted. We concluded that deleted mtDNA molecules were primarily responsible for the phenotype in this patient.     

金地鼠颊囊癌模型PCNA,BrdU及光镜观察结果的相关分析

癌变的早期诊断对提高疗效具有特殊意义，为了寻求简捷，高效，超前，可靠的诊断方法，实验以ＤＭＢＡ（二甲基苯并蒽）诱导的金地鼠颊囊致癌模型为对象，以ＰＣＮＡ（增殖细胞核抗原）ＢｒｄＶ（溴脱氧尿嘧啶）等免疫组化技术为手段；以光镜观察诊断为对照，对三种观察结果进行相关分析，发现三者间有高度显著的相关性，证实了免疫组化方法在癌变诊断中有一定的参考价值，实验还发现ＰＣＮＡ和ＢｒｄＵ检测结果比较每天敏感，简捷，     

微量尿和血清样品中氟的测定方法研究

本研究利用改进的氟测定方法，测定尿和血清样品中氟离子的含量。结果表明，该方法样品用且少，线性响应范围、精密度、回收率和重现性等指标均符合方法学的要求，与常规法比较，显示测定结果间无显著性差异。可广泛使用于要求高、样品量少的生物材料氟检测。     

模拟医学生物化学实验血清标本的探讨

用蛋白胨、三油酸甘油酯、鼠肝、葡萄糖等材料模拟血清标本,通过测定该血清中蛋白、血脂、谷丙转氨酶、血糖以及部分物理参数,探讨了模拟血清从外观和实验项目上满足实验教学的可行性。结果表明,模拟血清实用、简便易得,既能解决医学生物化学实验教学标本来源困难问题,又能防止实验室污染和节省大量实验经费。     

钩体基因疫苗对豚鼠延髓原癌基因表达的影响

我们的研究已表明，赖型０１７株钩体外膜疏水蛋白ＯｍｐＬ３９是稳定的免疫原，在此我们分别用ＯｍｐＬ３９与钩体死菌苗和生理盐水对照免疫豚鼠，研究ＯｍｐＬ３９的免疫保护作用和免疫机理，对ＯｍｐＬ３９的抗原特异性刺激引起中枢原癌基因（Ｃｆｏｓ基因）表达进行了观察。结果表明，ＯｍｐＬ３９在豚鼠体内能产生高效价的阳性抗体，免疫保护率为１００％。在ＯｍｐＬ３９对中枢Ｃｆｏｓ基因表达的影响中，我们观察到ＯｍｐＬ３９免疫的豚鼠较空白和死菌苗组Ｃｆｏｓ表达明显少于死菌苗组和空白对照组（ｐ＜００５）。提示ＯｍｐＬ３９能特异性地抑制Ｃｆｏｓ基因的表达，减轻强毒钩体对动物体内的病理损伤，有较死菌苗强的免疫保护作用。     

中学生自我差异和心理健康的关系

目的 分析中学生自我差异与心理健康的关系。方法 采用自行修订的自我差异量表和SCL—90对500名中学生进行调查。结果 初中生现实自我与理想自我的差异（AI）和现实自我与应该自我的差异（AO）这两类自我差异分数都显著高于高中生。中学生两类自我差异各因子与心理健康各因子之间都显著相关（P〈0.05）。AI道德自我差异对初中生的心理健康有预测作用;AI心理自我差异与AI自我认同差异对高中生的心理健康有预测作用。结论 应针对中学生的心理特点,提高其对自我的认识,减少诱发心理问题的因素,促进中学生心理健康。