ApoMT对CdMT肾毒性保护作用研究

本文研究了去除金属离子的金属硫蛋白（ApoMT）对镉金属硫蛋白（CdMT）肾毒性作用的影响。结果发现，与单独给予CdMT比较，ApoMT能降低尿蛋白量和尿碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性，并能促进尿Cd的排泄。肾组织形态学结果显示肾近曲小管损伤程度明显减轻。提示ApoMT对CdMT肾小管损伤具有保护作用。     

Use of the abdominal aorta for arterial input function determination in hepatic and renal PET studies.

A method using the activity in the abdominal aorta of human and animal subjects to noninvasively estimate blood-pool input function in dynamic, abdominal PET scans is proposed and validated in this paper. Partial volume effects due to the aorta's dimensions are corrected by a semi-automated algorithm based on the transaxial resolution in the reconstructed images. The technique was validated by comparing PET measurements of abdominal aortic activity to well counter measurements of arterial blood samples (eight canine renal studies) and to PET measurements of left ventricular cavity activity (eight human hepatic studies). In renal studies, correlation analysis of the areas subtended by the two input functions yielded an essentially unitary slope (1.03 +/- 0.09), with high correlation (R2 greater than 0.95, p less than 0.001). In hepatic studies, similar values (0.99 +/- 0.03 and R2 greater than 0.85, p less than 0.001) were found. Correlation of the blood flow estimates based on the two input functions and a two-compartment model produced slopes of 1.07 +/- 0.16 and 1.03 +/- 0.07, and correlations of (R2 greater than 0.98, p less than 0.001) and (R2 greater than 0.97, p less than 0.001) for the renal and hepatic studies, respectively. We conclude that noninvasive, accurate measurements of the arterial input function by dynamic PET imaging are possible and represent a clinically viable alternative to arterial blood sampling.     

Leukocyte chemoattraction by 1,2-diacylglycerol.

Previous reports have demonstrated the hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in response to chemoattractants and in lymphocytes in response to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. We investigated the role of 1,2-diacylglycerol, one of the products of receptor-linked phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis, in mediating the migratory response of leukocytes. In an under-agarose migration system, we found 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol to be a strong chemoattractant for human PMN, 6C3HED (a mouse thymic lymphoma), and Jurkat (a human T-cell leukemia). By using a modified Boyden chamber assay, the migratory response of PMN to 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol was determined to be primarily chemotactic. Analysis of structural analogs indicated that both the position and number of acyl chains are important in determining chemoattractant activity. These studies demonstrate that exogenous 1,2-diacylglycerol can stimulate the directed migration of leukocytes. They further suggest that the formation of 1,2-diacylglycerol following receptor-mediated stimulation may represent a common step in the migratory responses of myeloid and lymphoid cells.     

全肺切除术治疗肺癌的临床分析

目的 :探讨全肺切除术和经心包内处理血管的全肺切除术治疗肺癌的效果。方法 :对 74例Ⅱb～Ⅲb期肺癌患者行全肺切除术 ,其中 32例在肺癌的全肺切除术中进行了心包内处理血管 ,其余 4 2例行标准全肺切除术。结果 :心包内处理血管组与标准切除组术后各有 1例并发脓胸 ,其中心包内处理血管组的并发脓胸者死亡。术后两组分别随访 2 2例和 31例 ,5年生存率分别为 18.1%和 16 .1%。经心包内处理血管的全肺切除与标准全肺切除术患者 5年生存率和术后并发症发生率差异均无显著性 (P =1.0 0 0和P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :全肺切除术中力争达到根治 ,经心包内处理血管技术的应用 ,对于提高患者的生存率、改善晚期肺癌的生活质量是有价值的     

超声诊断不典型胃穿孔1例

<正> 患者男性,52岁,突发上腹痛6 h来诊。疼痛呈持续性,无放射痛,无呕吐、腹泻、黄疸。既往有胃溃疡病史。查体:神清,T37.8℃,痛苦面容,平卧位,巩膜皮肤无黄染,心肺(-),上腹部压痛,轻度肌卫,无反跳痛,肝浊音界存在,移动性浊音(-),肠鸣音减弱。化验:WBC12.0×10~9/L、中性0.87。腹     

大肠埃希氏菌和肺炎克雷伯菌AmpC酶及ESBLs酶的检测及耐药性分析

目的：了解我院大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产AmpC酶和产ESBLs的情况及耐药性分析，为临床合理用药提供依据。方法：分别采用改良三维试验和CLSI／NCCLS推荐的纸片扩散法确证试验，检测大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产AmpC酶和产ESBLs菌株。结果：大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌单产AmpC酶菌株检出率分别为9．3％和4％，单产ESBLs检出率分别为28％和12％，同时产AmpC酶及ESBLs检出率分别为14．7％和0。两种菌单产AmpC酶和单产ESBLs的菌株以及同时产两种酶的菌株对亚胺培南保持较低耐药率，均低于15％，而对其它类抗菌素大于50％，耐药率均较高。两种菌产酶株与不产酶菌株耐药率相比，均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：产酶株耐药情况严重，应慎重选择用药，减缓耐药菌株的进一步发生发展。     

Comparison of airway diameter measurements from an anthropomorphic airway tree phantom using hyperpolarized 3He MRI and high-resolution computed tomography.

An anthropomorphic airway tree phantom was imaged with both hyperpolarized (HP) 3He MRI using a dynamic projection scan and computed tomography (CT). Airway diameter measurements from the HP 3He MR images obtained using a newly developed model-based algorithm were compared against their corresponding CT values quantified with a well-established method. Of the 45 airway segments that could be evaluated with CT, only 14 airway segments (31%) could be evaluated using HP 3He MRI. No airway segments smaller than approximately 4 mm in diameter and distal to the fourth generation were adequate for analysis in MRI. For the 14 airway segments measured, only two airway segments yielded a non-equivalent comparison between the two imaging modalities, while eight more had inconclusive comparison results, leaving only four airway segments (29%) that satisfied the designed equivalence criteria. Some of the potential problems in airway diameter quantification described in the formulation of the model-based algorithm were observed in this study. These results suggest that dynamic projection HP 3He MRI may have limited utility for measuring airway segment diameters, particularly those of the central airways.     

年龄小于45岁原发性慢性闭角型青光眼的显微手术治疗

目的探讨原发性慢性闭角型青光眼年轻患者临床治疗的经验和体会。方法对临床收治的41例52眼、年龄〈45岁、临床确诊为进展期或晚期原发性慢性闭角型青光眼的病例进行抗青光眼显微手术处理的病例进行回顾性分析。结果随访时间平均（32．50±5．08）个月；男16例，女25例；进展期28眼，晚期24眼；52眼均行抗青光眼手术-复合式小梁切除手术治疗；眼轴长平均（22．40±1．63）mm，其中〈21mm占17．31％，小眼球占13．46％；前房深度平均（1．90±0．39）mm，其中〈1．9mm占61．46％；超声生物显微镜检查高褶虹膜构型占59．62％，其中睫状突位置靠前者10眼；术前平均眼压（41．73±12．26）mmHg，末次术后平均眼压（12．03±4．57）mmHg，术前后眼压差异有统计学意义（t=3．520，P〈0．001）。术后并发症主要有浅前房，恶性青光眼。恶性青光眼手术处理方式包括玻璃体抽液、前段玻璃体切割以及超声乳化白内障吸除加人工晶状体植入术治疗。4眼因眼压控制不理想，行二次抗青光眼手术治疗。结论年轻原发性慢性闭角型青光眼患者，女性多见，多伴有眼轴短、前房浅等特点，抗青光眼复合式小梁手术治疗要注意防治术后浅前房、恶性青光眼的发生。术前详细检查、手术操作精细以及有效处理术后并发症将有助于提高手术成功率和减少并发症。     

阴茎包埋对海绵体内一氧化氮合酶的影响

目的:探讨阴茎包埋对海绵体内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的影响。方法:通过建立大鼠隐匿阴茎模型获得实验标本,分2个月组、4个月组和6个月组进行观测,每组80只大鼠。各阶段中包括包埋组(n=50)、假手术组(n=15)和正常组(n=15)。称量大鼠体重和海绵体重量后,采用化学比色法检测海绵体内NOS活性。结果:各阶段包埋组阴茎海绵体重量、体重及两者的比值与正常组和假手术组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);包埋降低大鼠阴茎海绵体组织的NOS活性(2个月组P>0.05,4个月组P<0.05,6个月组P<0.01)。结论:阴茎包埋可影响海绵体内NOS活性,且与包埋时间呈正相关,但对海绵体外观和重量无明显影响。