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101.
Wohlbach DJ Kuo A Sato TK Potts KM Salamov AA Labutti KM Sun H Clum A Pangilinan JL Lindquist EA Lucas S Lapidus A Jin M Gunawan C Balan V Dale BE Jeffries TW Zinkel R Barry KW Grigoriev IV Gasch AP 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2011,108(32):13212-13217
Cellulosic biomass is an abundant and underused substrate for biofuel production. The inability of many microbes to metabolize the pentose sugars abundant within hemicellulose creates specific challenges for microbial biofuel production from cellulosic material. Although engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can use the pentose xylose, the fermentative capacity pales in comparison with glucose, limiting the economic feasibility of industrial fermentations. To better understand xylose utilization for subsequent microbial engineering, we sequenced the genomes of two xylose-fermenting, beetle-associated fungi, Spathaspora passalidarum and Candida tenuis. To identify genes involved in xylose metabolism, we applied a comparative genomic approach across 14 Ascomycete genomes, mapping phenotypes and genotypes onto the fungal phylogeny, and measured genomic expression across five Hemiascomycete species with different xylose-consumption phenotypes. This approach implicated many genes and processes involved in xylose assimilation. Several of these genes significantly improved xylose utilization when engineered into S. cerevisiae, demonstrating the power of comparative methods in rapidly identifying genes for biomass conversion while reflecting on fungal ecology. 相似文献
102.
The scientific evidence for weather being a trigger factor for migraine attacks is inconclusive. We investigated the association
between weather components and the onset and severity of attacks. Headache diaries of 20 migraineurs were analyzed retrospectively
and correlated in 4-h intervals to atmospheric air pressure, temperature, and relative air humidity in Berlin (Germany) for
a period of 12 consecutive months. Absolute values and relative changes within the preceding 24 h were analyzed. Migraine
attacks started most frequently at 4 a.m. and reached the highest intensity between 4 and 8 a.m. A highly significant association
between meteorological variables and the occurrence of migraine attacks was found in six patients. The onset of an attack
as well as high headache intensity was associated with lower temperature and higher humidity. Our data indicate that a subgroup
of migraineurs is highly sensitive to changes of certain weather components. 相似文献
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Kai Qi Elizabeth Peh Yu Heng Kwan Hendra Goh Hasna Ramchandani Jie Kie Phang Zhui Ying Lim Dionne Hui Fang Loh Truls
stbye Dan V. Blalock Sungwon Yoon Hayden Barry Bosworth Lian Leng Low Julian Thumboo 《Journal of general internal medicine》2021,36(9):2784
ObjectiveTo summarize the available conceptual models for factors contributing to medication adherence based on the World Health Organization (WHO)’s five dimensions of medication adherence via a systematic review, identify the patient groups described in available conceptual models, and present an adaptable conceptual model that describes the factors contributing to medication adherence in the identified patient groups.MethodsWe searched PubMed®, Embase®, CINAHL®, and PsycINFO® for English language articles published from inception until 31 March 2020. Full-text original publications in English that presented theoretical or conceptual models for factors contributing to medication adherence were included. Studies that presented statistical models were excluded. Two authors independently extracted the data.ResultsWe identified 102 conceptual models, and classified the factors contributing to medication adherence using the WHO’s five dimensions of medication adherence, namely patient-related, medication-related, condition-related, healthcare system/healthcare provider-related, and socioeconomic factors. Eight patient groups were identified based on age and disease condition. The most universally addressed factors were patient-related factors. Medication-related, condition-related, healthcare system-related, and socioeconomic factors were represented to various extents depending on the patient group. By systematically examining how the WHO’s five dimensions of medication adherence were applied differently across the eight different patient groups, we present a conceptual model that can be adapted to summarize the common factors contributing to medication adherence in different patient groups.ConclusionOur conceptual models can be utilized as a guide for clinicians and researchers in identifying the facilitators and barriers to medication adherence and developing future interventions to improve medication adherence.Protocol RegistrationPROSPERO Identifier: CRD42020181316Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11606-021-06648-1. 相似文献
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Anticardiolipin antibody levels in diabetic subjects with and without coronary artery disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T J Hendra E Baguley E N Harris M H Khamashta R C Trembath G R Hughes J S Yudkin 《Postgraduate medical journal》1989,65(761):140-143
Moderate (greater than 20 units) and high (greater than 80 units) IgG anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) titres are strongly predictive for recurrent thrombosis and early myocardial infarction in non-diabetic subjects. We have tested the hypothesis that the excess risk of myocardial infarction in diabetic subjects relates to the presence of aCL by measuring the frequency and titre of aCL in two groups of diabetic subjects and in 2500 healthy controls. One non-diabetic subject (0.04%) had low (5-20 units) IgG aCL titres. Seven out of 126 diabetics without cardiovascular disease (5.6%) and 9 out of 79 diabetics who were either myocardial infarction survivors or who had angiographically-proven coronary artery disease (11.4%) had low aCL titres (P less than 0.01 for comparison of either diabetic group with controls, and P less than 0.1 for comparison between diabetic groups). One subject in each diabetic group, but no non-diabetics, had moderate IgM aCL titres. No subjects had high aCL titres. Diabetics have an increased frequency of low aCL titres which may relate to macrovascular disease. Macrovascular disease in diabetics is not associated with moderate or high aCL titres. 相似文献
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The emerging value of P-selectin as a disease marker. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
János Kappelmayer Béla Nagy Kornél Miszti-Blasius Zsuzsa Hevessy Hendra Setiadi 《Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine》2004,42(5):475-486
Activated platelets are key components in many arterial disorders. P-selectin is an activation-dependent platelet receptor, which is also identified in endothelial cells. Together with E- and L-selectin it constitutes the selectin family. These transmembrane proteins have continued to attract great interest as they support rapid and reversible cell adhesion in flow systems and thus play an essential role in multicellular interactions during thrombosis and inflammation. Similarly to other lectins, selectins bind to different glycoconjugates with varying affinities. Protein ligands, equipped with the appropriate carbohydrate and sulfate moieties for P-selectin binding, have been identified in normal peripheral blood leukocytes and several non-hematopoietic organs, as well as on cancer cells. For diagnostic purposes, P-selectin can readily be detected on the platelet surface by flow cytometry and by ELISA as a soluble ligand in the plasma. Along with other markers, these data can be used in the assessment of platelet activation status. Such results bear clinical significance since P-selectin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of wide-spread disorders including coronary artery disease, stroke, diabetes and malignancy. 相似文献