Osteome der Kopfhaut

Zusammenfassung Anhand eines Falles wird aufgezeigt, daß den Kopfhaut-Osteomen aufgrund gemeinsamer Merkmale mit der Histogenese und Entwicklung der Belegknochen des Schädels eine Sonderstellung in der Hautosteom-Gruppe zukommt. Die Histogenese der Kopfhaut-Osteome rechtfertigt bei Berücksichtigung entwicklungsmechanischer Fakten des Kopfes die Annahme, daß ihre Ausbildung auf Bindegewebe mit knochenbildenden Potenzen beruht, das von der bindegewebig präformierten Schädelkalotte in die Haut/Unterhaut versprengt wurde. Die Kopfhaut-Osteome werden deshalb, im Gegensatz zu den übrigen Haut-Osteomen, den Choristomen zugerechnet.Mit 10 TextabbildungenHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. J. Hämel zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Single-shot antithrombin in human pancreas-kidney transplantation: reduction of reperfusion pancreatitis and prevention of graft thrombosis.

Reperfusion pancreatitis and graft thrombosis often induce early graft loss in simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation. Antithrombin (AT) is a coagulatory inhibitor with pleiotropic activities that reduces experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury. This study retrospectively analyses prophylactic high-dose AT application in patients with first SPK. In an university transplantation center, 53 consecutive patients with SPK were studied without randomization. In one group, 3000 IU of AT was given intravenously before pancreatic reperfusion (AT, n = 24). Patients receiving standard therapy including postoperative AT supplementation (controls, n = 29) served as controls. Daily blood sampling was performed as a part of the clinical routine during four postoperative days. There were no differences in demographic and laboratory parameters [donor/recipient age, ischemia time, perfusion solution, body weight, mismatches] between both groups. Baseline creatinine values were lower in the control group versus AT group (P < 0.05). Coagulatory parameters and bleeding incidence were not influenced by AT, while incidence of graft thrombosis was reduced (control: 7/29; AT: 4/24; relative reduction of risk: -33%; P < 0.05). Single-shot AT application during SPK modulated serum lipase activity on postoperative days 2 and 3, and minimized risk for graft thromboses without increasing perioperative bleeding. This new concept should deserve testing in a prospective clinical trial.     

Toxicodynamics of tumour promoters of mouse skin III. Specific binding of the tumour promoter thapsigargin as measured by the cold-acetone filter assay

Summary A method is described for measuring rapid, specific, and saturable binding of the skin irritant and tumour-promoting secretagogue thapsigargin (sesquiterpene lactone) to the microsomal fraction from mouse brain. Employing the tritium-labelled compound its apparent dissociation constant,K _d, and the maximal amount of bindingB _max are shown to be 9.8 nM and 1.9 pmol/mg protein respectively. Such aK _d for thapsigargin is similar to (a) its IC₅₀ value for inhibiting Ca²⁺ uptake in the microsomal fraction from rat brain and (b) its EC₅₀ values for inducing a rise in the cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ concentration of human platelets and histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. A positive correlation is found between the binding affinities of thapsigargin, thapsitranstagin, and trilobolide, their potencies as secretagogues and their lipophilicities. This correlation does not extend to the skin-irritant activities of the compounds thus emphasizing that their mechanism of action is unlike that of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.Abbreviations Tg thapsigargin - Tt thapsitranstagin - Tr trilobolide - TPA 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate - K _i,K _d apparent inhibition and dissociation constants - ID ₅₀ ⁵ irritant dose for 50% response after 5 h For II see Hergenhahn et al. 1991     

Arterial anatomy and arteriographic diagnosis of arteriogenic impotence

One hundred twenty-six bilateral selective arteriographic examinations of the iliopudendal vascular tree were performed after comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation in patients with chronic erectile dysfunction. Best imaging results were obtained by performing the arteriography under epidural anesthesia after intracavernous injection of a vasoactive drug combination. The arteriography is mandatory prior to revascularization procedures. It is further indicated in primary erectile dysfunction and posttraumatic erectile failure. The importance of cavernosography and selective arteriography in primary erectile dysfunction is stressed. Increasing knowledge about the influence of vasoactive drugs on penile hemodynamics has led to its application in diagnosis and therapy of erectile dysfunction. Pharmacocovernosography, Doppler-ultrasound of penile arteries after intracavernous injection of a vasoactive drug combination, and pharmacoarteriography are refined techniques to prove a vascular etiology of erectile dysfunction. The results of the morphologic studies of the vascular system are correlated with functional testing of erectile capacity by intracavernous application of a papaverinephentolamine drug combination.     

Synthesis,Decarboxylation, and Nitrosation of 1-Acyl-2-pyrrolidone-3-carboxylic Acids: A Convenient Novel Entry to 2,3-Dioxopyrrolidine Derivatives

Esters 1 of 1-acyl-2-pyrrolidone-3-carboxylic acids 2 were hydrolized to 2 with acetic acid/HCl at 60–70°C. Reaction of 1a with formic acid/HCl at 60–75°C led to (not isolated) 2a which began to decarboxylate to 3a during the conversion of 1a to 2a even at this low temp. Decarboxylation of 2c-f was accomplished at 160°C without solvent. Decarboxylative nitrosation of 2c-f yielded the oximes 4c-f of 1-acyl-2,3-dioxopyrrolidines. Treatment of 4f with magic methyl provided the enol ether 5f of the respective dioxopyrrolidine.