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排序方式: 共有339条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Genetic engineering of allergens: future therapeutic products 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ferreira F Wallner M Breiteneder H Hartl A Thalhamer J Ebner C 《International archives of allergy and immunology》2002,128(3):171-178
Genetic engineering of allergens for specific immunotherapy should aim at the production of modified molecules with reduced IgE-binding epitopes (hypoallergens), while preserving structural motifs necessary for T cell recognition (T cell epitopes) and for induction of IgG antibodies reactive with the natural allergen (blocking antibodies). Common approaches for engineering of hypoallergens usually require knowledge of T and B cell epitopes and involve changing specific base pairs (mutated gene), introduction of a new piece of DNA into the existing DNA molecule (chimeric or hybrid gene), and deletions (truncated gene or fragments). DNA family shuffling has the advantage that it does not require a priori knowledge of structural and functional properties for efficient generation of hypoallergens. The combination of the hypoallergen concept with the Th1-inducing genetic immunization approach might be an attractive alternative for protein-based immunotherapy. 相似文献
32.
Affective and psychotic symptoms relate to different types of P300 alteration in depressive disorder 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Kaustio O Partanen J Valkonen-Korhonen M Viinamäki H Lehtonen J 《Journal of affective disorders》2002,71(1-3):43-50
BACKGROUND: Previous findings of P300 alterations in depressive disorder have been controversial. We therefore used multivariate methods to study the relationship between P300 and affective and psychotic symptoms in depressive disorder. METHODS: The P300 of 22 psychotropic drug-free depressed out-patients was registered within an auditory oddball paradigm. Affective and psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the depression and psychoticism subscales of SCL-90. The relationship of P300 amplitude and latency with affective and psychotic symptoms was assessed with multiple linear regression analysis and ANOVA. P300 values of the depressed patients were also compared with those of 22 healthy controls. RESULTS: Psychotic symptoms were associated with an overall reduction in P300 amplitude, which was pronounced in the left temporocentral electrode chain (T3, C3, Cz). Psychotic symptoms were also associated with a prolonged P300 latency. Affective symptoms were associated with a relational amplitude reduction at the right temporal scalp sites. There were no statistically significant differences in P300 amplitude or latency between depressed and control-subjects. LIMITATIONS: Rather small number of study subjects. The psychotic scores were low in all subjects. Multiple statistical analyses were used, and no specific a priori hypothesis was tested. CONCLUSIONS: In depressive disorder, affective and psychotic symptoms are associated with different types of P300 alteration, which may indicate different underlying neurobiological processes. 相似文献
33.
Antikainen R Hänninen T Honkalampi K Hintikka J Koivumaa-Honkanen H Tanskanen A Viinamäki H 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2001,251(1):6-11
Background The aim was to examine associations between memory complaints, cognitive performance and mood in 174 adult, clinically depressed,
neurologically healthy patients at baseline and during six months of follow-up.
Methods Subjective memory disturbance was assessed using the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MCQ). Levels of cognitive function,
including memory, were assessed using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Mood and personality traits were assessed using
rating scales, including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the 90-item Symptom
Check List (SCL-90).
Results At baseline, patients complaining of memory disturbances had higher BDI and HDRS scores than patients not complaining of
memory problems. They also did less well in objective memory performances but not in other cognitive functions. Complaints
of memory problems decreased during the follow-up. This change was associated with mood improvement and with reductions in
other mental symptoms but not with changes in cognitive performance. In logistic regression analysis factors independently
associated with MCQ change were age (OR 0.96) and BDI change (OR 1.06).
Conclusions Subjective memory problems usually decline if depression is alleviated.
Received: 3 February 2000 / Accepted: 26 October 2000 相似文献
34.
Ananth V Mudgil Mark Walker Heimo Steffen David L Guyton David S Zee 《Journal of AAPOS》2002,6(3):145-153
PURPOSE: We wanted to determine the mechanisms of motor vertical fusion in patients with superior oblique paresis and to correlate these mechanisms with surgical outcomes. METHODS: Ten patients with superior oblique paresis underwent 3-axis, bilateral, scleral search coil eye movement recordings. Eye movements associated with fusion were analyzed. RESULTS: Six patients had decompensated congenital superior oblique paresis and 4 had acquired superior oblique paresis. All patients with acquired superior oblique paresis relied predominantly on the vertical rectus muscles for motor fusion. Patients with congenital superior oblique paresis were less uniform in their mechanisms for motor fusion: 2 patients used predominantly the oblique muscles, 2 patients used predominantly the vertical recti, and 2 patients used predominantly the superior oblique in the hyperdeviated eye and the superior rectus in the hypodeviated eye. The last 2 patients developed the largest changes in torsional eye alignment relative to changes in vertical eye alignment and were the only patients to develop symptomatic surgical overcorrections. CONCLUSION: There are 3 different mechanisms for vertical fusion in individuals with superior oblique paresis, with the predominant mechanism being the vertical recti. A subset of patients with superior oblique paresis uses predominantly the superior oblique muscle in the hyperdeviated paretic eye and the superior rectus muscle in the fellow eye for fusion. This results in intorsion of both eyes, causing a large change in torsional alignment. The consequent cyclodisparity, in addition to the existing vertical deviation, may make fusion difficult. The differing patterns of vertical fusional vergence may have implications for surgical treatment. 相似文献
35.
Mycophenolate mofetil in patients with Crohn's disease 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Peter Fickert M.D. Thomas Anton Hinterleitner M.D. Heimo Helmut Wenzl M.D. Berendt Winfred Aichbichler M.D. Wolfgang Petritsch M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1998,93(12):2529-2532
Objective: Intolerance to azathioprine is a rare but important problem in treating chronically active Crohn's disease. We performed this study to evaluate mycophenolate mofetil as an alternative immunosuppressive therapy for patients with Crohn's disease who did not tolerate azathioprine.
Methods: Four patients with highly active perianal Crohn's disease and two patients with chronically active, steroid-dependent Crohn's disease were included. All patients consumed 2 g/day of mycophenolate mofetil for a median of 8 months (range, 6–12 months). Disease activity was measured by the Perianal Crohn's Disease Activity Index in patients with perianal disease and by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index in patients with chronically active Crohn's disease.
Results: Azathioprine-induced side effects disappeared after the drug was discontinued. All patients improved during treatment with mycophenolate mofetil, as shown by a remarkable reduction in the respective clinical scores. Five patients showed no side effects during treatment with mycophenolate mofetil. After 4 months' treatment one patient developed diarrhea that was probably not due to mycophenolate mofetil.
Conclusions: Mycophenolate mofetil could be an alternative therapy to azathioprine in patients with Crohn's disease. 相似文献
Methods: Four patients with highly active perianal Crohn's disease and two patients with chronically active, steroid-dependent Crohn's disease were included. All patients consumed 2 g/day of mycophenolate mofetil for a median of 8 months (range, 6–12 months). Disease activity was measured by the Perianal Crohn's Disease Activity Index in patients with perianal disease and by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index in patients with chronically active Crohn's disease.
Results: Azathioprine-induced side effects disappeared after the drug was discontinued. All patients improved during treatment with mycophenolate mofetil, as shown by a remarkable reduction in the respective clinical scores. Five patients showed no side effects during treatment with mycophenolate mofetil. After 4 months' treatment one patient developed diarrhea that was probably not due to mycophenolate mofetil.
Conclusions: Mycophenolate mofetil could be an alternative therapy to azathioprine in patients with Crohn's disease. 相似文献
36.
37.
Heimo Lagler Selma Tobudic Michael Ramharter Katarzyna Elandt Wolfgang R. Sperr Monika Redlberger-Fritz Theresia Popow-Kraupp Ulrich Jäger Christoph C. Zielinski Heinz Burgmann 《Vaccine》2012
Patients with malignancies are considered to be at increased risk of acquiring influenza. Because of higher complication and case fatality rates, preventive measures such as vaccination are of great interest. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptability, tolerability and immunogenicity of an adjuvant-free whole-virion pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in cancer patients with ongoing anticancer treatment during a ‘pandemic situation’. Adult patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors and concurrent cytotoxic, targeted, and/or hormone therapy were recruited during the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in 2009/2010 and were offered free vaccine. Antibody titers were measured using virus-specific hemagglutination inhibition assay and ELISA. Among 285 patients with solid tumors who were offered vaccination during their therapy, 260 (91.2%) declined and 25 (8.8%) accepted. Seventeen patients with hematologic malignancies were also vaccinated during therapy; 23 healthy individuals served as a control group. When measured using hemagglutination-inhibition assays, rates of seroprotection, seroconversion, and geometric mean titer ratios after the second vaccination were 96%, 70%, and 4.1 respectively among the healthy individuals, 90%, 52%, and 4.3 among patients with solid tumors, and 67%, 13%, and 1.5 among patients with hematologic malignancies during therapy (P < 0.05). When measured using ELISA, seropositivity differed significantly among the three groups after the second vaccination: healthy individuals 74%, patients with solid tumors 57%, those with hematologic malignancies 13% (P < 0.001). The vaccine was well tolerated. Our results demonstrate a low uptake of the well tolerated adjuvant-free influenza A (H1N1) vaccine by cancer patients receiving anticancer treatment during the pandemic of 2009/2010. Among the vaccinated patients, the immune response was weaker than that in healthy individuals. The immune response in patients with hematological malignancies was low. Two doses of vaccine are needed in these immunosuppressed patients. 相似文献
38.
Lehto SM Kuikka J Tolmunen T Hintikka J Viinamäki H Vanninen R Haatainen K Koivumaa-Honkanen H Honkalampi K Tiihonen J 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》2008,62(3):345-348
The aim of this study was to assess the dopamine function of the temporal cortex in major depressive disorder using [123 I]epidepride to image D2/3 receptor binding sites. Ten major depressives and 10 healthy controls were selected from a general population sample for single-photon emission computed tomography imaging. Among the major depressives there was a strong bilateral correlation between the scores on the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and D2/3 receptor binding. Dopaminergic abnormalities may be present in the temporal cortices of major depressives. 相似文献
39.
Recent studies have suggested that aquaporin-1 (AQP1) as well as the HCO3 − -Cl− transporter may be involved in CO2 transport across biological membranes, but the physiological importance of this route of gas transport remained unknown. We studied CO2 transport in human red blood cell ghosts at physiological temperatures (37 °C). Replacement of inert with CO2 -containing gas above a stirred cell suspension caused an outside-to-inside directed CO2 gradient and generated a rapid biphasic intracellular acidification. The gradient of the acidifying gas was kept small to favour high affinity entry of CO2 passing the membrane. All rates of acidification except that of the approach to physicochemical equilibrium of the uncatalysed reaction were restricted to the intracellular environment. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) demonstrated that CO2 -induced acidification required the catalytic activity of CA. Blockade of the function of either AQP1 (by HgCl2 at 65 μM) or the HCO3 − -Cl− transporter (by DIDS at 15 μM) completely prevented fast acidification. These data indicate that, at low chemical gradients for CO2 , nearly the entire CO2 transport across the red cell membrane is mediated by AQP1 and the HCO3 − -Cl− transporter. Therefore, these proteins may function as high affinity sites for CO2 transport across the erythrocyte membrane. 相似文献
40.
Jyri Hukki Martti Attila Heimo Haikala Maaret Castren Tapani Lhteenmki Karl V. Smitten Timo Waris 《Microsurgery》1989,10(2):110-112
Supradiaphragmatic inferior vena cava was transplanted end-to-end into the abdominal aorta of 11-week-old rats of the same inbred strain and same litter using microvascular technique. The grafts were removed 3 days, 4, 8, 16, and 35 weeks postoperatively, and their noradrenaline (NA) content was estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography using electrochemical detection. The amount of NA was significantly lower (P less than .001) in all vein grafts as compared to nontransplanted vena cava. The substantial decrease of NA in the vein grafts throughout the observation period indicates a persistent denervation of the transplant. 相似文献