氯米帕明和米氮平治疗抑郁症的疗效比较

目的比较氯米帕明和米氮平治疗抑郁症的疗效。方法80例门诊抑郁症患者随机分为氯米帕明和米氮平治疗组,疗程8周,用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD),临床疗效总评量表(CGI)和副反应症状量表(TESS)在治疗前及治疗后第2、4、8周末行评定。结果治疗8周后氯米帕明组和米氮平组HAMD减分率分别为71．89%和71．74%,两组治疗前、后比较差异均有显著性(P＜0．01),但两组间比较差异无显著性(P＞0．05)。氯米帕明副反应发生率33．25%,米氮平22．21%两组间比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论米氮平治疗抑郁症疗效与氯米帕明相当,副反应轻。     

存样食物在追查食物中毒源头中的作用

[目的]针对食物中毒事件追查源头的困难局面,探索1种新的食物中毒追查方法。[方法]通过分析各种常见类型食物中毒的潜伏期,结合各种实际情况,探讨存样食物保存的时间和方法。[结果]存样食物至少要保存24h。[结论]这种存样待检方法有其先进性,但仍存在不少问题,需进一步改进。     

胎儿生长迟缓与新生儿胰岛素敏感性变化的相关性

目的探讨胎儿生长迟缓(FGR)与新生儿胰岛素敏感性变化的关系。 方法昆明医学院第一附属医院于2004年4~12月，对72例小于胎龄儿(SGA)和48例适于胎龄儿(AGA)空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、C 肽、HDL C、LDL C、TG、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)等指标，计算葡萄糖/胰岛素比值(G/I)、胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA IR)、胰岛β细胞功能(HBCI)等，探讨FGR与新生儿胰岛素敏感性变化的关系。 结果(1)SGA组FPG、HDL C低于AGA组，而FINS、LDL C、TG、NEFA高于AGA组(P<001)；(2)SGA组G/I比值、ISI低于AGA组，HOMA IR高于AGA组(P<001)，而HBCI两组相比差异无显著性(P>005)。 结论FGR儿在生命早期存在胰岛素敏感性降低和不同程度的胰岛素抵抗(IR)，而胰岛β细胞功能无明显变化。     

小型移动数字成像系统下行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术

目的 :探讨移动数字成像系统GE OECSeries 980 0进行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)的可行性和安全性。方法 :回顾分析 32例应用GE OECSeries 980 0X线机进行PTCA治疗冠心病的临床资料。结果 :①本组病例成功率为 90 6 % (2 9/ 32 ) ,血管成功率为 88 1% (37/ 4 2 ) ,病变成功率 83% (39/ 4 7)。成功病例狭窄由术前目测平均直径狭窄(92 8± 3 5 ) %减少到术后的 (6 5± 4 2 ) %。②AMI溶栓后补救性PTCA成功率高。结论 :应用GE OECSeries 980 0X线机能够满足心血管病区心脏介入治疗的需要 ,是安全可行的和具有良好的成本 效益比     

胸膜腔造影和注射粘连剂对难治性气胸的诊治

目的：为更清晰地显示顽固性气胸的漏气部位和性质，为不能耐受手术者摸索一种新的治疗手段。方法：选择１８例患者，先用７６％泛影葡胺行胸膜腔造影，而后在局部注入少量粘连剂。结果：造影后发现多发性肺大泡８例，单发性肺大泡６例，肺大泡伴粘连带４例。病变分别位于左上肺，右上肺，中下肺野及叶间裂。注射粘连剂后，１５例一次成功，３例第二次成功。随防６～１８个月，未见复发。结论：该方法易掌握，无明显副作用。病变显示明显，易被患者接受，具有明显的临床效果和推广价值     

人端粒酶RNA的cDNA探针制备及其对胃粘膜细胞端粒酶RNA表达的检测

目的 建立人端粒酶RNA表达的检测方法。方法 制备人端粒酶RNA，(human telomeraseRNA，hTR)的cDNA探针，分别应用RNA斑点杂交与端粒重复序列扩增法(TRAP)分析检测不同胃粘膜的端粒酶RNA的表达与端粒酶活性。结果 人端粒酶RNA的cDNA探针制备成功。18例活检胃癌组织及45例手术胃癌组织RNA斑点杂交检测的阳性率均为l00％，相应TRAP分析的阳性率分别为88．89％、86．67％，低于RNA斑点杂交(P＜0．05)。同时RNA斑点杂交结果提示在非癌胃组织中随着肠化程度增高人端粒酶RNA表达也增强。结论 RNA斑点杂交检测人端粒酶RNA，具有高度的敏感性和特异性，弥补了TRAP分析敏感性不足的缺点。     

DNA-Methylierung von monohalogenierten Methanen in F-344 Ratten

Monohalogenated methanes (methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide) are mutagenic and carcinogenic. The possible mechanism of these effects, DNA methylation, was studied. DNA adducts from orgnas of F344 rats exposed to these chemicals were separated and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gaschro-matography/massspectrometry (GC/ MS). DNA adducts, 7-methylguanine (7-MeG) and O⁶-Methylguanine(0⁸-MeG), incorporation of¹⁴C into de novo synthesis of nucleobases could be observed in enzymatic DNA hydrolysates by HPLC and determination of the radioactivity in the fractions. The formation of DNA add,ue,ts in the studied organs was only quantitatively different. The formation of O⁶-MeG was further pioved by analysing the acidic hydrolysates using HPLC with non-radioactive O⁶MeG as internal standard. 7-MeG and 3-MeA were identified with GC/MS analysis.     

Human interleukin 4 regulates the phenotype of lymphocytes generated during mixed lymphocyte culture and inhibits the IL-2-induced development of LAK function in normal and leukaemic cells

This study examined the immunoregulatory role of recombinant interleukin 4 (IL-4), also known as B-cell stimulating factor 1, on the generation of cytotoxic effector cells from normal and leukaemic human blood mononuclear cells. When tested on cells from normal individuals, the addition of IL-4 to mixed lymphocyte cultures led to a dose-dependent proliferation of T-helper cells (CD3, 4 positive) with a concomitant decrease in phenotypic and functional cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. IL-4 also inhibited the interleukin-2 (IL-2)-induced generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity when added at the beginning of mixed lymphocyte culture. When tested on mature leukaemic NK cells, IL-4 also inhibited the ability of IL-2 to induce LAK function using a short-term culture system. These results show that IL-4 acts on both normal and leukaemic cells and suggests that it acts at more than one level during the development of LAK function.     

非脱垂子宫经腹、阴式全切除术临床比较

目的 探讨非脱垂子宫经阴道与经腹全切术的临床比较。方法 2000年5月～2001年1月对阴式子宫全切术 (TVH)28例及腹式子宫全切术 (TAH)35例分为两组进行手术 ,对临床指标进行观察比较。结果 28例TVH手术均成功。平均重量255g(120～510g)。与TAH手术比较 ,其术后病率、肛门排气时间及术后住院天数有显著性差异 ( p<0.001及 p<0.05) ,但其手术时间及术中出血量无显著性差异 ( p>0.05)。结论 随着微创手术的开展 ,利用阴道天然孔道 ,经阴道切除较大的子宫是有效和安全的 ,手术的成功与术者经验、技术及子宫活动度有关 ,有合适器械也是手术成功的因素。     

Stereoselectivity of actions of the calcium sensitizer [+]-EMD 60263 and its enantiomer [-]-EMD 60264

The thiadiazinone derivative [+]-EMD 60263 ((+)-5-(1-(α-ethylimino-3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroquinoline-6-yl)-6-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-1,3,4 -thiadiazine-2-on) is a Ca²⁺-sensitizing agent with only minor phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity. Our aim was to characterize the inotropic and electrophysiological effects of [+]-EMD 60263 and its enantiomer [-]-EMD 60264 in several cardiac muscle preparations. The Ca²⁺-sensitizing activity resided in the [+]-enantiomer only. [+]-EMD 60263 (3 μM) shifted the EC₅₀ of Ca²⁺ for contractile activation of skinned fibers of pig heart from 2.41 μM to 0.73 μM, whereas [-]-EMD 60264 (30 μM) was ineffective. In Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts, [+]-EMD 60263 and [-]-EMD 60264 induced concentration-dependent positive and negative inotropic effects, respectively; both enantiomers reduced spontaneous heart rate but did not influence perfusion pressure. The maximum increase in force of human atrial trabeculae was 35 % of pre-drug control with [+]-EMD 60263 in comparison to 113 % with forskolin. In guinea-pig papillary muscles, [+]-EMD 60263 and [-]-EMD 60264 had opposite inotropic responses, however, both agents similarly prolonged action potential duration. Both enantiomers concentration-dependently blocked the rapidly activating component I_Kr of the delayed rectifier in guinea-pig myocytes. The block saturated at potentials positive to +30 mV, closely resembling the effects of the antiarrhythmic agent E-4031 which had been originally used to define I_Kr. It is concluded, that the positive inotropic action of [+]-EMD 60263 can be explained by prevalence of the Ca²⁺-sensitizing effect. The accompanying prolongation in action potential duration is caused by block of the I_Kr component of the delayed rectifier. While the inotropic effects are stereoselective, most of the electrophysiological actions are clearly independent of sterical configuration. The combination of Ca²⁺-sensitizing with class-III antiarrhythmic action may provide an interesting pharmacological profile of potential therapeutic use. Received: 7 January 1997 / Accepted: 25 February 1997