82例早期糖尿病肾病患者尿微量白蛋白的检测结果分析

目的：探讨尿液微量白蛋白（UMA）检测在糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的价值。方法：检测82例2型糖尿病患者的尿液微量白蛋白,并与58例健康体检者检测结果进行对比分析。结果：糖尿病组UMA阳性率明显高于健康体检组,且差异有显著性。结论：尿微量白蛋白的出现常反映肾脏结构与功能已经轻度受损,测定UMA有助于糖尿病肾病的早期诊断和早期预防。     

蒙古族及汉族胃癌患者血清胃蛋白酶原水平的研究

目的：研究蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清胃蛋白酶原（Pepsinogen PG）水平,探讨血清PG的地域和民族特征及规律,提供有价值的临床流行病学资料。方法：选择2008年10月~2009年10月在包头市肿瘤医院经内镜检查和病理学确诊的胃癌患者68例（3代人均为同一民族,蒙古族30例,汉族38例）,选择42例健康体检者做正常对照组。应用酶联免疫方法进行血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ的检测,并计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值。结果：蒙古族、汉族胃癌组血清PGⅠ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值明显低于正常对照组,具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,各组血清PGⅡ水平之间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;蒙古族胃癌组血清PGⅠ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值低于汉族胃癌组,具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,两组血清PGⅡ水平之间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清PGⅠ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值较正常对照组降低,提示血清PGⅠ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值降低有助于胃癌的诊断,可以作为地区人群筛查和辅助诊断胃癌的一项血清学指标;蒙古族胃癌患者血清PGⅠ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值低于汉族胃癌患者,提示血清PG水平在不同种族人群中存在着差异。     

Immunohistochemical analysis of NF‐κB signaling proteins IKKε, p50/p105, p52/p100 and RelA in prostate cancers

Seo SI, Song SY, Kang MR, Kim MS, Oh JE, Kim YR, Lee JY, Yoo NJ, Lee SH. Immunohistochemical analysis of NF‐κB signaling proteins IKKε, p50/p105, p52/p100 and RelA in prostate cancers. APMIS 2009; 117:623–8. Activation of nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling is considered an important mechanism in the development of prostate cancers. A recent study revealed that IκB kinase epsilon (IKKε), an activator of NF‐κB, was overexpressed in breast cancers and acted as an oncogene. Expression of NF‐κB members has been reported in prostate cancer tissues, but expression of IKKε has not yet been studied in prostate cancers. In this study, we attempted to explore as to whether expressions of IKKε and NF‐κB members p50/105, p52/p100 and RelA are altered in prostate cancers. We analyzed the expression of IKKε, p50/105, p52/p100 and RelA in 107 prostate adenocarcinoma tissues by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray (TMA) method. In the TMA, IKKε is expressed in basal cells, but not in alveolar cells in normal prostate glands. IKKε is expressed in 60.0% of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN) and 70.1% of the prostate cancers in the cytoplasm. Nuclear immunostainings of NF‐κB members p50/105, p52/p100 and RelA, which are considered activation of NF‐κB signaling, were observed respectively in 28.0%, 18.7% and 37.4% of the cancers. Nuclear staining was detected neither in normal alveolar cells nor in PIN. However, none of the expression of p50/105 nor p52/p100 nor RelA nor IKKε was associated with pathologic characteristics, including size of the cancers, age, Gleason score and stage. The increased cytoplasmic expression of IKKε as well as the increased nuclear expressions of p50/105, p52/p100 and RelA in the prostate cancers compared to normal alveolar cells suggested that overexpression of these proteins may be related to activation of the NF‐κB pathway and might play a role in tumorigenesis of prostate cancers.     

Predicted maximal oxygen consumption of indigenous Siberians

This study presents physical fitness data on two indigenous Siberian populations, the Evenki and Keto. The Canadian Aerobic Test of Fitness (CATF) was utilized to provide estimates of maximal oxygen consumption (V?O₂ max) for a sample of 44 subjects (30 males, 14 females) as baseline data for further studies on changing fitness levels and the health problems associated with acculturation. Estimates of V?O₂ max average 46.2 ml kg^?1 min^?1 for males and 33.9 ml kg^?1 min^?1 for females. These values are comparable to those previously reported for other semisubsistence, cold adapted populations. The Siberian groups are below the Canadian norms in the 15–19 year age range, and thereafter track at about the 50th percentile throughout adulthood. This suggests that the cardiorespiratory systems of adult Evenki and Keto are functionally comparable to the average adult Canadian. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Characterization of a new megakaryocytic cell line: the Dami cell

A new human megakaryocytic cell line (Dami) has been established from the blood of a patient with megakaryoblastic leukemia. The Dami cells grow primarily in suspension with a doubling time of 24 to 30 hours. By light and electron microscopy, the Dami cells range in size from 12 to 120 micron in diameter and have lobulated nuclei characteristic of megakaryocytes. At least 89% of the cells react with monoclonal antibodies against platelet glycoproteins (GP) Ib and IIB/IIIa, and glycophorin. The cells do not react with antibodies against lymphoid, monocyte, granulocyte, or macrophage antigens. Thirteen percent of the cells become polyploid, spontaneously achieving greater than 4N DNA ploidy levels. In response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the proportion of cells with ploidy levels greater than 4N increased threefold and could be separated into discrete ploidy groups. PMA also increased the expression of GPIb, the GPIIb/GPIIIa complex,l and von Willebrand factor. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a human male hyperdiploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 54 to 64 and several consistent clonal chromosomal abnormalities. These included a partial deletion of chromosome 5 and a translocation involving chromosome 3. In contrast to other megakaryocytic cell lines in which only a small portion of the cells express the megakaryocytic phenotype, nearly all of the Dami cells express platelet glycoproteins. Thus, the Dami cells provide a superior model in which to study human megakaryocyte biochemistry and differentiation.     

糖尿病视网膜病变易感性与相关基因多态性研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的并发症之一,在糖尿病患者中,有血糖控制不良且病程较长但未发生糖尿病视网膜病变的情况,也有血糖控制良好且病程较短的但发生严重糖尿病视网膜病变的患者。通过大量的流行病学调查发现,糖尿病视网膜病变的发生、发展除了与血糖控制的情况、病程长短等因素有关外,还与每个人的个体差异有关。     

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ及其配体对早期细胞滋养细胞MMP-2、MMP-9表达的调控

目的:探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活型受体γ(PPARγ)及其配体(15-脱氧-前列腺素J2,15-d-PGJ2)对细胞滋养细胞表达基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)和MMP-9的调控作用。方法:采用免疫荧光细胞化学方法检测细胞滋养细胞中PPARγ的表达;利用免疫荧光共聚焦技术观察15-d-PGJ2作用前后细胞滋养细胞MMP-2和MMP-9表达强度的变化;通过荧光定量PCR(Real-timePCR)和Westernblot方法定量检测MMP-2和MMP-9mRNA和蛋白的表达变化。结果:在细胞滋养细胞中有PPARγ蛋白表达,且主要定位在细胞滋养细胞核中;15-d-PGJ2作用后细胞滋养细胞中MMP-2和MMP-9的表达明显下降,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.01);15-d-PGJ2对MMP-2的作用强于MMP-9。结论:PPARγ及其配体15-d-PGJ2调节滋养细胞浸润作用可能是通过调节MMP-2和MMP-9的表达实现的。