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991.
Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the overall percentage of β-lactams susceptibility, beta-lactamase production, penicillin binding protein (PBP) modification and serotypes of colonizing Haemophilus influenzae strains.Design
A total of 50 isolates of colonized H. influenzae, isolated from neutropenic patients. The prevalence of β-lactams resistance and β-lactamase production were recorded for each strains using E-test strips and chromogenic cephalosporin test, then were determined their resistance genes (blaTEM and blaROB) by PCR as well as their capsular types by standard slide agglutination serotyping (SAST) and capsular genes amplification.Results
Thirty-two percent of the 50 strains were amoxicillin resistant, among these, 20% were resistant by beta-lactamase production, and they produced all type TEM β-lactamase. Four percent of the isolates had PBP modification and three strains (6%) associated the two resistance mechanisms. Slide agglutination serotyping showed that 95.8% of the strains were unencapsulated, and 4.1% were of serogroup b. The result was confirmed by PCR capsular typing.Conclusion
By the light of these results, our findings suggest that it becomes important to follow the evolution of the resistance background of our strains, and that the majority of colonizing H. influenzae strains isolated in our center are unencapsulated. 相似文献992.
Hammami S Boutiba-Ben Boubaker I Saidani M Lakhal E Ben Hassen A Kamoun A Ghozzi R Slim A Ben Redjeb S 《Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)》2012,18(1):59-65
In 2009, out of the 66 nonrepetitive Enterobacter cloacae collected at Charles Nicolle hospital in Tunisia, 44 were extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. The aim of the current study was to detect and characterize the genes encoding the ESBLs including blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M groups by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis was used to determine the genetic relatedness between isolates. All strains were susceptible to carbapenems. They were resistant to fluoroquinolones, gentamicin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole but variably resistant to netilmicin, amikacin, and tetracyclines. Sequence analysis of the polymerase chain reaction products revealed the presence of blaCTX-M-15 (39 strains), blaSHV-12 (6 strains), and blaSHV-27 (1 strain). The coexistence of two ESBLs was observed in two isolates harboring, respectively, SHV-12+CTX-M-15 and SHV-27+CTX-M-15. PFGE revealed 36 unrelated profiles. Diffusion of E. cloacae producing CTX-M-15 ESBL in our hospital is the consequence of dissemination of identical or related plasmids harboring the CTX-M-15 gene. 相似文献
993.
Qiao G Yang L Li Z Ying H Hassen Y Yin F Zhang J 《Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)》2012,143(2):128-133
Program death-1 (PD-1) has been documented to negatively regulate immune responses. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms for PD-1-mediated immune suppression have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we show that loss of PD-1 does not lead to defective induction of CD4(+) T cell anergy in vitro and in vivo. Rather, the absence of PD-1 inhibits the development of inducible CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (iTregs) induced by TGF-β in vitro. In support of this finding, PD-1 deficiency impairs the generation of iTregs in vivo and leads to development of severe T cell-transfer-induced colitis. Mechanistically, defective iTreg generation in the absence of PD-1 was attributed to the heightened phosphorylation of Akt. Therefore, we first demonstrate that PD-1 controls peripheral T cell tolerance via an anergy-independent but iTreg-dependent mechanism. 相似文献
994.
Samar Hassen Bruce M Boman Nawab Ali Marcie Parker Chandra Somerman Zohra J Ali-Khan Catts Akhtar A Ali Jeremy Z Fields 《Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR》2011,30(1):100
Background
A broad population-based assay to detect individuals with Lynch Syndrome (LS) before they develop cancer would save lives and healthcare dollars via cancer prevention. LS is caused by a germline mutation in a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene, especially protein truncation-causing mutations involving MSH2 or MLH1. We showed that immortalized lymphocytes from LS patients have reduced levels of full-length MLH1 or MSH2 proteins. Thus, it may be feasible to identify LS patients in a broad population-based assay by detecting reduced levels of MMR proteins in lymphocytes.Methods
Accordingly, we determined whether MSH2 and MLH1 proteins can also be detected in fresh lymphocytes. A quantitative western blot assay was developed using two commercially available monoclonal antibodies that we showed are specific for detecting full-length MLH1 or MSH2. To directly determine the ratio of the levels of these MMR proteins, we used both antibodies in a multiplex-type western blot.Results
MLH1 and MSH2 levels were often not detectable in fresh lymphocytes, but were readily detectable if fresh lymphocytes were first stimulated with PHA. In fresh lymphocytes from normal controls, the MMR ratio was ~1.0. In fresh lymphocytes from patients (N > 50) at elevated risk for LS, there was a bimodal distribution of MMR ratios (range: 0.3-1.0).Conclusions
Finding that MMR protein levels can be measured in fresh lymphocytes, and given that cells with heterozygote MMR mutations have reduced levels of full-length MMR proteins, suggests that our immunoassay could be advanced to a quantitative test for screening populations at high risk for LS. 相似文献995.
996.
997.
Twenty-six high-level gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) Enterococcus faecium strains colonising neutropenic bone marrow transplant patients were studied. Polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that high-level gentamicin resistance was mediated by the aac(6′)-Ia-aph(2″)-Ie gene; the aph(2″)-Id gene responsible for gentamicin resistance was also detected in 16 strains. Multiple antibiotic resistance was related to the presence of aph(3′)-IIIa, ant(6)-Ia, erm(B), erm (A) and tet(M) genes. Strains clustered into 18 groups according to their plasmid content as well as 16 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Although the majority of PFGE patterns were single isolates, three microclones were identified. Hybridisation showed that in the majority of the strains the aac(6′)-aph(2″) gene resided on a large plasmid of ca. 96 kb detected only on PFGE gels. Based on these findings, colonisation by HLGR E. faecium strains was a result of either possibly related plasmid spread or strain dissemination. 相似文献
998.
Aouam K Gassab A Khorchani H Bel Hadj Ali H Amri M Boughattas NA Zili JE 《Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety》2007,16(1):113-114
A 62-year-old woman was referred to the dermatology department for a history of fever, asthenia and cutaneous rash, which appeared after a 3-day course of digitalin and acenocoumarol for atrial fibrillation. The physical examination revealed multiple round confluent purpuric lesions over her entire legs with no blistering. Laboratory exams were all negative. Biopsy of the involved skin was compatible with leucocytoclastic vasculitis. The acenocoumarol treatment was withheld and the skin lesions resolved spontaneously over the next 10 days. The cause of this purpura was seemingly acenocoumarol because of the close temporal relationship between exposure to the drug and the onset of the symptoms, and the spontaneous resolution of the lesions after acenocoumarol was discontinued. This observation illustrates a rare association between vasculitis and acenocoumarol. Clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse effect and recommend interrupting the drug intake when temporal relation is evocative. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Lydia M. Efird MD Donald R. Miller ScD Arlene S. Ash PhD Dan R. Berlowitz MD MPH Al Ozonoff PhD Shibei Zhao MPH Joel I. Reisman AB Guneet K. Jasuja PhD Adam J. Rose MD MSc FACP 《Journal of general internal medicine》2013,28(10):1333-1339