福善美对绝经后妇女骨密度的影响

目的　评价福善美 (Fosamax)治疗绝经后骨质疏松症妇女的近期及中期疗效 ,以及改善骨量作用。方法　绝经 1年以上女性 80名 ,分成 4组 ,A组 :14例 ,年龄 5 4 . 97± 5. 5 1(47～ 6 2 )岁 ,绝经年限≤10年 ,疗程 6个月～ 1年 ;B组 :2 3例 ,年龄 5 5 . 5 5± 3. 6 6 (5 0～ 6 2岁 ) ,绝经年限≤ 10年 ,疗程 1年以上 ;C组 :18例 ,年龄 6 8. 18± 5 . 5 9(5 9～ 78岁 ) ,绝经年限 >10年 ,疗程 6个月～ 1年 ;D组 :2 5例 ,年龄6 7. 2 5± 6 .19(5 2～ 80岁 ,绝经年限 >10年 ,疗程 1年以上。患者每天接受口服福善美 10mg和元素钙5 0 0mg,疗程 6个月～ 2 8年。治疗前、后应用双能X线吸收仪 (HologicQDR 2 0 0 0型 )进行骨密度(BMD)测定。结果　 4组不论绝经年限长短 ,通过 6个月～ 2年以上福善美治疗 ,腰椎BMD平均增加百分率 3 74 %～ 5 4 5 % ,较基础值均有明显增加 (P <0 . 0 0 1) ,4组间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 . 0 5 )。股骨颈部位治疗后BMD平均增加百分率为 0 84 %～ 4 2 1% ,其中绝经年限相同时 ,疗程长者高于短者 ,即B组高于A组 ,D组高于C组 ;疗程相同时 ,绝经年限长者高于短者 ,即C组高于A组 ,D组高于B组 ,但 4组间差异无显著性 (P >0 . 0 5 )。大转子部位治疗后BMD增加平均变化百分率 1 4. 2 %～     

胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤前后路手术适应证的选择

目的 通过107例胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤病例的治疗,探讨前、后路手术适应证的选择。方法 31例经前路减压植骨,采用Z-Plate等内固定。76例经后路采用短节段椎弓根钉内固定。结果 两组均获得了满意的疗效。结论 选择前或后路手术,应综合考虑脊髓损伤程度、手术时机与技巧、骨折的部位、骨折类型和影像结果等,才能确实做到减压、恢复脊柱序列和坚强固定的目的。     

巨噬细胞炎性蛋白4的突变和原核表达

目的 探索如何抑制嗜酸细胞的趋化作用，选择β-趋化因子巨噬细胞炎性蛋白4（MIP4）的突变性（Met-MIP4)作为趋化因子受体3的拮抗剂，将Met-MIP4基因在原核细胞中进行表达。方法 设计MIP4基因的PCR引物并进行氨基酸突变，将MIP4N末端的丙氨酸突变为蛋氨酸，以正常人肺酸突变，将MIP4N末端的丙氨酸突变为蛋氨酸。以正常人肺cDNA文库为模板，PCR方法获取Met-MIP4基因，克隆入载体pUC19，测序验证序列已得到突变，将正确的基因插入到GST融合表达载体pGEX-4T中，以IPTG诱导表达。结果 PCR产物为220bp左右的片段，连接入pUC19质粒后测序验证获得正确突变，构建的pGEX-4T融合表达载体在大肠杆菌中表达，经SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳显示有大小约34kU的新生融合蛋白表达。结论 成功突变并克隆了β-趋化因子MIP4基因，SDS-PAGE表明，与GST融合的Met-MIP4突变体已得到表达，为进一步研究其生物学活性奠定了基础。     

Changes in treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer 1985-2001

OBJECTIVE: In 1991, a randomized study was published and demonstrated that use of nonsurgical therapy (chemoradiation) provided similar survival to total laryngectomy (the gold standard) for patients with advanced-stage laryngeal cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess how treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer was influenced by such developments in non-surgical therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Patterns of care study using National Cancer Database (1985-2001). RESULTS: The percentage of advanced-stage patients treated with chemoradiation increased from 8.3% to 20.8% while the proportion treated with radiation alone decreased from 38.9% to 23.0%. Use of chemoradiation increased at a significantly faster rate after the 1991 publication at both community cancer centers and teaching research facilities. The use of total laryngectomy decreased slightly during this period. CONCLUSIONS: The use of chemoradiation increased after the 1991 publication. It was impossible to determine from the NCDB whether additional patients who could benefit from chemo-RT were not offered or did not complete this treatment option. We recommend that treatment recommendations discussed at tumor boards be recorded in cancer registries.     

视网膜缺血对兔视神经纤维损害的定量研究

目的：定量研究视网膜缺血对视神经的损害。方法：通过计算机图像分析定量测算视神经纤维数量；通过前房灌注平衡液，造成超高眼压，形成兔视网膜完全缺血模型，观察视神经纤维数量的变化。结果：正常兔眼平均视神经轴突数为１０９６０８±１４５６１（ｎ＝２２）；视网膜缺血眼视神经纤维数量明显减少（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论：急性高眼压造成的视网膜缺血可使视神经节细胞及轴突的数量明显减少，应用计算机图像分析可定量检测这种     

固体废物处理和处置设施的选址

新建废物处理和处置设施的选址是一项综合性很强的工作，涉及自然环境，社会政治和经济、安全和技术等诸多方面，选址的主要目标通过一系列的选址技术的步骤来具体体现。     

小鼠肝损伤模型的建立及HSS对肝的保护作用的初探

从三周龄幼鼠制备了肝细胞再生刺激物质（Ｈｅｐａｔｉｃｒｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｓｕｂｓｔａｃｅ，ＨＳＳ）研究结果提示：注射ＣＣｌ４导致小鼠血清ＡＬＴ显著升高，ＡＳＴ也明显增高，表明ＣＣｌ４致小鼠急性肝损伤，而ＨＳＳ对肝损伤具有显著保护作用，为深入研究ＨＳＳ对肝保护作用机理、ＨＳＳ用于临床的可行性提供了基础。     

Can marital selection explain the differences in health between married and divorced people? From a longitudinal study of a British birth cohort

In view of the rising divorce rates, the impact of divorce on health has an increasing importance in public health. The differentials in health between the married and the divorced may be explained by ‘marital selection’ and ‘marital protection’. Using longitudinal data from a study of the 1958 British birth cohort, factors that select people into divorce were identified from the areas of socio-economic status, health, and attractiveness, which included physical attractiveness, health-related behaviour and temperament. Evidence for both positive and adverse selection is found. The different sets of selection factors for females and males appear to be in line with gender role expectations. The health differentials between married and divorced men were weak and can be explained away by the selection factors. Having controlled for the selection effects, there were still significant associations between divorce and physical and psychological health in women. Though these unexplained differentials cannot be definitely interpreted as the consequences of marital dissolution, this interpretation remains plausible.     

Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损直视修补术后心律失常的临床观察

210例Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损术后发生心律失常90例,14种类型,共292例次,其中,室上性占96%。30例需药物治疗,93%的患者出院时恢复正常。本文着重分析心律失常的特点,讨论影响因素及预防措施。