99mTc-DTPA气溶胶显像测定呼吸道粘液纤毛清除功能

为进一步研究呼吸道疾病时的粘液纤毛清除功能,采用99mTc-DTPA气溶胶吸入显像,通过电影显示定性和定量指标分析.对18 例健康受试者和患者进行了显像研究,得到气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率的正常值,并观察了32例慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者气管-支气管纤毛清除功能的改变.结果显示,健康受试者与COPD患者粘液纤毛清除率(mm/min)分别为3.89±0.92和1.32±0.59,两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01),COPD患者不同时间气道清除率和粘液纤毛清除率均明显低于健康受试者(P＜0.01).本研究方法简便客观,具有定性观察和定量分析的优点,对于呼吸系统其它疾病(如支气管扩张、原发性纤毛无运动)的研究及药物疗效的评价具有重要的临床实用价值.     

电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆学习记忆障碍小鼠水迷宫实验的影响

目的　观察电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆小鼠学习记忆障碍的影响。方法　复制脑缺血再灌注拟血管性痴呆小鼠模型 ,并电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴 ,分别于术后 7天、15天、30天 ,与药物喜德镇对照 ,采用水迷宫法 ,记录游全程时间、错误次数。结果　造模导致了小鼠学习与记忆能力下降 ,表现为游全程时间延长 ,错误次数增加 ,且随着观察时间的延长 ,这种改变逐渐加重。电针和喜德镇均可使模型小鼠的游全程时间缩短 ,错误次数减少 ,但电针组于 7天和 30天时 ,成绩显著优于药物组。结论　电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对模型小鼠学习与记忆能力下降有改善和提高作用     

An outline of spreading of Western mediciine into Yantai in modern age

At the turn of the last century, side by side with the infiltration of religious culture from Western countries, western medicine spread into Yantai. The religious force, headed by American Presbyterian Mission, carried out charitable activities in the process of preaching and laid down the foundation for western medicine rooted in Yantai by establishing schools, education and training followers. They cultivated local physicians by first setting up clinics which had later transformed into hospitals. These are their major measures for building bases for spreading Christianity by foreigners. The Temple Hill Hospital set up by the American physician Oscar F. Hills in Yantai was a successful example of mutual promotion of missionary and medical activities which pushed forward the spreading and development of western medicine in Yantai.     

T管造影合并胰管显影的临床意义

本文通过对１７年间行“Ｔ”管造影的１６８７例患者的系统性回顾分析,发现有２７６例患者胰管同时显影,其中６９例具有胰腺炎病史,达２５％,而无胰管显影的１０２９例患者中有１３３例具有胰腺炎病史,达１２．９％;二者间具有显著性差异。在胰管显影的病例中,发生过胰腺炎的患者其胆胰汇合角度显著高于未发生过胰腺炎患者的胆胰汇合角度（Ｐ〈０．００１）。作者认为：“Ｔ”管造发生胰管同时显影的病例可有与壶腹隔膜功能陷     

大鼠大脑中动脉缺血和再灌注后环氧合酶-2mRNA表达的研究

目的研究大鼠大脑中动脉缺血和再灌注模型中环氧合酶－２（ＣＯＸ－２）基因的表达。方法原位杂交方法。结果缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌注组,血流再通４ｈ后缺血区的大脑皮层有很强的表达并持续２４ｈ。缺血９０ｍｉｎ再灌注组和持续缺血组在缺血区以外的广泛大脑皮层显著表达,在海马的齿状回两侧及纹状体也发现表达。ＣＯＸ－２ｍＲＮＡ的表达可被ＭＫ－８０１抑制。而ＮＢＱＸ和倍他米松对其表达没有影响。结论在缺血区、缺血周边部、缺血远隔区有ＮＭＤＡ受体介导的ＣＯＸ－２表达,阐明上述区域花生四烯酸代谢活性化     

GABA(A) receptors mediate inhibition of T cell responses

We describe the presence of functional GABA(A) receptors on T cells. GABA inhibited anti-CD3 and antigen-specific T cell proliferation in vitro in a dose-dependent manner that was 1) mimicked by the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol (but not the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen), 2) blocked by GABA(A) receptor antagonists and a GABA(A) receptor Cl- channel blocker (picrotoxin) and 3) enhanced by pentobarbital. These data suggest that GABA(A) receptors mediate this immune inhibition and that these receptors can be modulated in a similar fashion to their neuronal counterparts. Finally, GABA inhibited DTH responses in vivo. Thus, pharmacological modulation of GABA(A) receptors may provide new approaches to modulate T cell responses in inflammation and autoimmune disease.     

Analysis of differential effects of Pb2+ on protein kinase C isozymes

Protein kinase C has been implicated as a cellular target for Pb2+ toxicity. We have previously proposed that Pb2+ modulates PKC activity by interacting with multiple sites within the enzyme. In order to further characterize the Pb-PKC interactions we compared the effects of Pb2+ on the CA-dependent and -independent protein kinase C isozymes using recombinant human PKC-alpha, PKC-epsilon, and PKC-zeta as well as the catalytic fragment of bovine brain protein kinase C, the PKC-M. The results demonstrate that, whereas at pM concentrations Pb2+ activates PKC-alpha half maximally (KAct approximately 2 pM), it has no effect on PKC-epsilon, PKC-zeta, or PKC-M activities. The activation of PKC-alpha by Pb2+ is additive with Ca2+ in a manner indicating interaction with half of the calcium activation sites. In the micromolar range of concentrations, Pb2+ inhibits all PKCs with estimated K0.5 of 1.0, 2.3, 28, and 93 microM for PKC-M, PKC-alpha, PKC-epsilon, and PKC-zeta, respectively. Examination of Pb2+ effects on PKC-M kinetics indicates a mixed type inhibition with respect to ATP and noncompetitive inhibition with respect to histone. Taken together with the results of our previous study (Tomsig and Suszkiw, J. Neurochem. 64, 2667-2673, 1995) and the evidence for the existence of two Ca2+ coordination sites Ca1 and Ca2 within the C2 domain (Shao et al., Science [Washington, D.C.] 273, 248-251, 1996), the results of the current study provide further support for a multisite Pb-PKC interaction scheme wherein lead (1) partially activates the enzyme through pM-affinity interactions with the Ca1 site and inhibits the divalent cation-dependent activity through nM-affinity interactions with Ca2 site in the C2 domain and (2) inhibits the constitutive kinase activity through microM-affinity interactions with the catalytic domain. The concentration dependence of the differential effects of Pb2+ on the calcium-dependent and -independent PKCs underscores the importance of the C2 motif as a high affinity molecular target for Pb2+.     

Mucinous pancreatic ductal ectasia of latent malignancy: an emerging clinicopathologic entity.

The natural history of classic mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas has been previously defined. In this report, an unusual variant of a pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm, termed "mucinous pancreatic duct ectasia of latent malignancy," is described. The lesion is characterized by massive dilatation of the main pancreatic duct and its tributaries. Histologically, the ducts are lined by epithelium, which is indistinguishable from the classic mucinous cystic neoplasms. Until the natural history of classic mucinous cystic neoplasm is better documented, resection appears to be the treatment of choice.     

A study on the expression of TGF-beta 1/T beta R II in laryngeal carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of TGF-beta 1/T beta R II in laryngeal carcinoma. METHOD: Immunohistochemical study using SP kit in 53 cases. RESULT: The expression of TGF-beta 1 was decreased in carcinoma tissues when compared with peri-cancer controls (P < 0.05). There wasn't difference in T beta R II expression when compared with peri cancer controls (P > 0.05). But it was correlated with the stage, differentiation and lymph node metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta 1/T beta R II may involve in the histogenesis and development of laryngeal carcinoma. The decreased expression of TGF-beta 1/T beta R II may serve as an important molecular marker of laryngeal carcinoma.