星状神经节阻滞复合药物治疗偏头痛240例

目的　探讨星状神经节阻滞 (stellate ganglion block,SGB)加服药物对偏头痛的治疗作用。方法　 2 4 0例偏头痛患者按就诊顺序分为观察组与对照组 ,观察组接受 SGB治疗的同时 ,口服尼莫地平等药物。结果　观察组有效率达89.2 % ,高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,其中治疗后完全无痛的病例 5 1.7% ,高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,观察发现病程对于 SGB治疗偏头痛疗效影响较大 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 SGB加服药物治疗偏头痛具有操作简单 ,起效快 ,疗效确切 ,副作用少等优点 ,值得临床推广应用。     

外源性一氧化氮抗日本血吸虫的实验研究

目的观察外源性一氧化氮(NO)抗日本血吸虫的效果。方法以蜂蜡为NO的吸收剂,在不同条件下用逆转乳化法制备NO乳状液,测定其中NO的含量,选择乳状液中NO含量最大的用于抗日本血吸虫试验。在小鼠感染日本血吸虫尾蚴后22天起灌服,剂量为0.5ml/d,连续灌服5d,心脏灌注法收集虫体计数,研究外源性NO抗日本血吸虫的效果。结果外源性NO中NO的最大含量为536.2μmol/L;对小鼠日本血吸虫有一定的杀虫效果,减虫率达45.0%,减卵率达42.7%。结论外源性NO对日本血吸虫有一定的抗虫作用。     

Variation of Apolipoprotein A-I in Cirrhosis and its Clinical Value

The serum apolipoprotein A- I (apo A-I) Concentrations in 39 patients with posthepatitis cirrhosis were reported to be 0.87±0.27 g/L lower than that of controls 1.15±0.14 g/L P<0.01. The, decrease of apo. A-I was correlated with the severityof impaired liver function. Apo A- I concentrations in serum correlated positively with decrease of serum albumin (r=0.503 P< 0.01) and negatively with serum bilirubin increase (r=- 0.508 P <0.01) . The data indicate that decreasing of apo A- I concentration may be regarded as one of the reliable indices reflecting the degree of liver function impairment.     

142例先天性智能发育不全患儿的遗传学研究

应用细胞遗传学和皮纹分析方法对142例先天性智能发育不全患儿进行了研究。其中,120例正常核型,22例异常核型。异常核型46,XY,t(1;3;21)(1pter→1q32.1∶∶21p11.2→21qter;3 qter→3p26.2∶∶1 q32.1→1 qter)和45,X/45,X,-22,+der(22)t(Y;22)(22qter→22p11.1∶∶Yq11.1→Yq11.2)两种核型国内尚未见报道。皮纹分析结果表明56.7%的患者有1项以上异常皮纹;染色体异常患者均有2项以上异常皮纹;先天愚型患者有“特定”的皮纹改变。     

老年主动脉瓣闭锁不全的彩色多普勒超声心动图研究

报告接受彩色多普勒超声心动图检查的老年患者162例，其中75例有不同程度的主要动脉瓣关闭不全（Ar)。老年（Ar)的病因构成与中，老年前期者明显不同，主动脉，瓣钙化及原因不明者的比例占多数（67％）。主动脉瓣钙化者Ar程度多较重。主动脉瓣钙化及原因不明Ar患者的其他三个瓣膜返流检出率及和程度均明显高于无Ar的老年患者。表明多瓣膜退行性病变是此类Ar患者的原因之一。     

糖皮质激素受体阻断对烫伤大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性变化的影响

我们以糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ）的竞争性拮抗剂ＲＵ３８４８６（简称ＲＵ４８６）阻断大鼠体内的ＧＲ，并通过检测肺、肾组织匀浆中荧光标记白蛋白的含量，观察了烫伤后１２ｈ大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性的变化以及阻断ＧＲ对这种变化的影响。结果显示：烫伤后１２ｈ，大鼠肺、肾组织匀浆中荧光标记白蛋白含量明显高于对照组（肺：Ｐ＜０．０５；肾：Ｐ＜０．００１）；阻断ＧＲ后再烫伤大鼠，其肺、肾组织匀浆中的荧光白蛋白含量又显著高于烫伤组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：①烫伤后１２ｈ，大鼠肺、肾血管壁通透性明显升高。②ＧＲ减少可加重烫伤所致的血管壁通透性升高，并可逆转内源性糖皮质激素（ＧＣ）稳定血管壁通透性的作用。     

结节性硬化症多器官损害7例报告

目的探讨结节性硬化症多器官损害的临床特点以提高诊断治疗水平。方法回顾性分析7例结节性硬化症伴皮肤、大脑、肾脏、肝脏等多器官损害患者的临床资料,探讨其特征性临床表现及影像学改变。结果7例患者均有多器官损害,累及两个器官3例,3个及以上器官损害4例;皮肤损害主要为面部血管纤维瘤6例,皮肤色素脱失斑7例,鲨鱼皮斑3例,趾甲下纤维瘤1例;癫痫发作6例,智力低下4例,颅脑CT或MRI检查提示室管膜下结节4例,皮质结节2例;4例合并双侧肾脏多发错构瘤,1例合并肝脏错构瘤。结论特殊的皮肤损害、癫痫发作、智力低下,脑CT或MRI检查提示室管膜下结节或皮质结节或内脏多发性错构瘤为本病的主要临床特征,提高本病的认识有助于早期诊断和治疗。     

急性等容性血液稀释对血浆ET和CGRP水平的影响

目的　探讨急性等容性血液稀释 (ANH)对血浆内皮素 (ET)和降钙基因相关肽(CGRP)水平的影响。方法　选择非心脏手术ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者 2 0例 ,麻醉前快速输入复方乳酸钠1 0～ 1 5ml/kg。麻醉后从桡动脉放血 1 0ml/kg ,同时经静脉输入等量的 4 %琥珀酰明胶。观察ANH麻醉前 (T0 )、血液稀释完成后 1 0min(T1 )、2 0min(T2 )、30min(T3 )的血液动力学、血浆ET和CGRP浓度的变化。结果　ANH前后MAP、HR、SpO2 和ECG均较稳定。ANH后 1 0min、2 0min血浆ET水平分别为 (1 4 4 4 7± 1 9 1 7) pg/ml和 (1 5 7 1 7± 1 2 4 5 ) pg/ml,但明显高于ANH前的 (1 2 7 6 8±2 0 92 ) pg/ml(P <0 0 5 )。ANH后 1 0min、2 0min血浆CGRP水平分别为 (5 4 72± 2 5 6 5 )pg/ml和(5 5 32± 1 7 94 )pg/ml,也明显高于ANH前的 (4 4 6 2± 1 6 90 ) pg/ml(P <0 0 5 )。而ET/CGRP比值无明显变化。结论　ANH近期血浆ET和CGRP水平均有一定的增加 ,但ET/CGRP比值的变化无统计学意义 ,同时心血管反应不明显 ,表明血浆ET和CGRP的动态平衡对ANH时的循环稳定起着重要的作用     

Protective effects of amiloride on the ischemic reperfused rat heart. Relation to mitochondrial function.

We examined the effect of amiloride on mechanical, electrical and mitochondrial function as well as ultrastructural integrity, in isolated rat hearts subjected to 30 min low-flow ischemia and 30 min reperfusion. In control hearts, ischemia produced a rapid loss of contractility and a concomitant elevation in resting tension which were associated with a 100% incidence in arrhythmic activity. Reperfusion produced a 22 and 54% recovery in force and rate of force (dF/dt) development, respectively. In control hearts the incidence of arrhythmias was 100% within 5 min of reperfusion which then declined to 50% by 30 min. Ultrastructural defects in these hearts were restricted primarily to mitochondrial damage. Amiloride significantly attenuated the elevation in resting tension at the end of ischemia. Postischemic recovery was significantly increased to 38 and 86% for force and dF/dt, respectively and the incidence of arrhythmias was reduced to 30%. No ultrastructural defects were ever observed in amiloride-treated reperfused hearts. Both interfibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria exhibited depressed respiratory function and adenine nucleotide translocase activity. Although virtually all parameters tended to be elevated in mitochondria isolated from amiloride-treated hearts, a significant increase was seen in only one case. Our results therefore demonstrate an ability of amiloride to enhance postischemic contractile recovery and reduce the incidence of arrhythmias, particularly during reperfusion, an effect associated with virtual total prevention of ultrastructural defects. Although the salutary effect was not significantly correlated to improved mitochondrial function, this dissociation may have been due to removal of damaged mitochondria during the isolation process, in view of diminished mitochondrial damage as viewed by transmission electron microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)