非定型硒平板探测器X线摄影应用价值

X线成像技术经历了100多年的漫长过程,其中作为影像信息的载体从增感屏(感蓝、感绿)到影像增强器加电荷耦合器件(CCD)到CD的IP板获取X线穿过的人体的信息,但其中都存在X线透过人体的有用信息。今天最先进的非定型硒平板探测器数字成像系统,有效地克服了这一缺陷,直接接收带有人体信息的X线,它具有图像分辨率高、放射剂量低、成像速度快等诸多优点,可用于全身数字摄影。本文通过它与屏-片系统性能对比分析,探讨DDR在摄影中的应用价值。     

试析He-Ne激光沿经络自动照射仪的应用

本文介绍He-Ne激光沿经络自动照射仪的结构、特点,分析了激光与组织相互作用的物理效应和生物效应,提出了该仪器在针灸临床中的应用。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的脑电生物反馈治疗仪研制

脑电生物反馈治疗在治疗神经疾病中具有一定的应用价值,本文利用虚拟仪器技术设计了一种功能齐全、性能优良的脑电生物反馈系统,提出了系统硬件和软件的实现方案,并研制了该系统的样机,在精神障碍临床治疗过程中取得一定的临床治疗效果。     

1666例住院病人死亡原因分析

目的深入了解本地住院病人的主要死亡原因及其变化趋势。方法收集某区级医院1997~2004年住院病人的原始病案资料,采用《国际疾病分类》ICD-10对其进行疾病分类。结果前5位死因是损伤和中毒、循环系统疾病、围产期疾病、肿瘤、传染病。结论加强死因顺位前5位疾病的防治工作,以提高人群的健康水平和生命质量。     

羊水粪染328例临床分析

目的探讨羊水粪染对新生儿的影响。方法采用回顾性方法分析328例在头位分娩过程中发生羊水粪染的产科原因、胎心电子监护结果及与新生儿窒息的关系。结果羊水粪染发生率为11.1%,产科原因以持续性枕横位、持续性枕后位最为常见。羊水粪染Ⅲ度者胎心电子监护异常及新生儿窒息率均显著高于羊水粪染Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度者(p<0.01)。结论羊水粪染与新生儿窒息关系密切。     

超声引导心包穿刺置管引流治疗心包积液的研究

目的探讨一种安全、简便、可靠的心包穿刺并有效治疗心包积液的方法。方法对27例心包积液患者术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管,连接无菌引流袋持续引流,必要时进行冲洗并注入相应药物,观察疗效、安全性及不良反应。结果27例病例均一次穿刺置管成功,导管留置时间2～31d,引流液量300～7600ml,心包积液引流彻底,心包压塞症状消失,心功改善,疗效显著,未出现严重并发症。结论术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管对心包积液进行治疗安全、简便、可靠,疗效显著且无严重并发症,完全能替代以往的常规心包穿刺术。     

不同人群HBsAg携带状况调查分析

目的了解不同人群的HBsAg携带情况,为防治乙肝传播提供科学依据。方法用ELISA方法对幼儿园学生、外企员工、上岗前体检者等三类人群的血样标本进行HBsAg检测。结果幼儿园学生的HBsAg阳性率为1.48%,外企员工的HBsAg阳性率为0.92%;上岗前体检者的阳性率为6.80%。结论三类人群的HBsAg阳性率有显著性差异,乙肝疫苗的接种能有效地控制乙型肝炎的传播。     

抑肽酶用于减少脊柱矫形手术出血的观察

目的探讨在脊柱矫形手术应用大剂量抑肽酶减少出血量的疗效。方法对30例应用抑肽酶的脊柱矫形手术的出血量与对照组的资料进行临床分析。结果用药组比对照组的出血量显著减少。结论术前应用大剂量抑肽酶可显著减少脊柱矫形手术的出血量。     

2005年泰安市泰山区麻疹资料分析

[目的]探讨麻疹流行原因,分析发病规律,发现存在的薄弱环节,控制麻疹的流行.[方法]对泰安市泰山区2005年麻疹流行有关资料进行分析.[结果]报告麻疹33例,报告发病率为5.25/10万,无死亡.疫情波及全区各乡镇(街道),分布在28个村(居委会),以散发为主;5月发病17例,18～49岁20例,工人、农民11例;麻疹IgM抗体33例阳性;首诊误诊率为48.48%;适龄病人有麻疹疫苗免疫史者占19.35%.[结论]由于易感人群积累,存在免疫空白引起麻疹流行.     

Critical management in patients with severe enterovirus 71 infection

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze clinical details occurring in children with severe enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection and synthesize the critical care experience for patients with severe EV71 infection. METHODS: A retrospective clinical, laboratory, and hemodynamic study was performed in a pediatric intensive care unit in a university hospital. From March 1998 to April 2000, seven consecutive pediatric patients with severe EV71 infection were retrospectively analyzed as the comparison group. From May 2000 to March 2003, eight consecutive patients with severe EV71 infection who had received the protocol therapy were enrolled as the study group. Detailed information about clinical treatment and pharmacological therapy was collected for comparison. RESULTS: The clinical presentations and laboratory findings between the comparison and the study groups were not significantly different. The amount of intravenous fluid in the first 24 h was significantly higher in the comparison group (9.2+/-5.0 vs 4.9+/-1.3 mL/kg per h). More patients in the study group received low doses of dopamine infusion, patients in the comparison group received more epinephrine, and none of them received milrinone. The acute-stage and long-term survival rates were higher in the study group (100% vs 43%, 87% vs 29%). CONCLUSION: Early cardiopulmonary support may prevent the vicious cycle of cardiopulmonary failure and improve the clinical outcome of severe EV71 infection. Milrinone may be the ideal inotropic agent for these patients. Echocardiography, a central line, and an arterial line could be an alternate method to replace direct intracardiac hemodynamic monitoring for guiding critical management.