包裹天然骨架CpG ODN和HBsAg的非磷脂脂质体疫苗的免疫效果

非磷脂脂质体NovasomeR○(Np )是由Brij5 2、胆固醇和油酸组成 ,可作为同时传递佐剂和抗原的载体。我们将HBsAg与天然骨架CpGODN (phosphodiesterCpGODN ,pdCpGODN )包裹于Np后免疫BALB/c小鼠 ,检测其免疫效果。结果显示 ,包裹pdCpGODN和HBsAg的Np在小鼠中诱导了很高滴度的抗 HBs抗体产生并诱生了HBsAgS2 8 3 9特异性的CTL ,而铝佐剂组和仅包裹HBsAg的Np组诱生的抗体滴度较低 ,未检测到CTL活力。抗体亚类分析结果表明包裹pdCpGODN和HBsAg的Np诱生的免疫应答类型与pdCpGODN剂量有关 ,较低剂量 (2 4 μgpdCpGODN )诱生的为IgG2a为主的Th1型应答 ,而较高剂量(4 7μgpdCpGODN )诱生的是Th1/Th2混合型应答。铝佐剂和仅包裹HBsAg的Np组诱生的是以IgG1为主的Th2型应答。此外 ,包裹pdCpGODN和HBsAg的Np免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞在体外HBsAg刺激培养后特异性增殖并分泌高水平的IFN γ。这些结果表明包裹pdCpGODN和HBsAg的Np能增强HBsAg的免疫原性 ,诱生体液 /细胞免疫均衡应答 ,有可能发展为慢性乙肝的治疗性疫苗     

GK型机械瓣空化可视化研究

对国产GK27型机械二尖瓣进行了单次关闭方式的离体空化实验，采用数码相机拍摄了空泡照片。机械瓣阻塞体关闭后，云状空泡出现在挡座周围，呈放射状向外运动，空化原因是机械瓣关闭时阻塞体与挡座的撞击形成的局部挤压射流，挤压缝隙出口射流速度高达9m/s，局部低压造成空化，在机理上，这是附壁射流引起的旋涡空化。关闭速度是衡量机械瓣空化趋势的重要指标之一。空化历时随心室载荷率的增加而增加，在载荷率为2750mmHg/s时，最大空化历时达440μs。机械瓣空化临界载荷率为420mmHg/s，这比动物实验所得的正常生理条件750mmHg/s低，因此在人体正常生理条件下，机械二尖瓣存在空化的可能。     

Clinicopathologic features and survival of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma:experience at an institution in southern China

Background Previous studies have shown conflicting results on the relation between clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with colorectal mucinous, signet-ring cell, or non-mucinous adenocarcinoma; only few such studies have been performed in China. This retrospective study analyzed data from our department to investigate clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis and possible correlations of three histologic types -- colorectal mucinous,signet-ring cell, and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, to clarity the bases for observed differences which may lead to development of targeted therapies Methods Of 2079 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1994 and 2007, 144 had mucinous, 25 had signet-ring cell, and 1837 had non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Their clinicopathologic parameters and survival were analyzed using established statistical methodologies.Results Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinomas were common in younger patients (P <0.001). Location, size and disease stage differed significantly among the three types. Signet-ring cell tumors were more commonly found in the rectum than mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (P <0.001). Mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors presented in a later stage in life more often than non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, with lymph node involvement, serosal infiltration, peritoneal dissemination, and adjacent organ invasion (P <0.01). The rate of radical resection, hepatic metastasis and local recurrence did not differ among types (P ＞0.05). Compared with patients with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, patients with mucinous and signet-ring cell tumors who underwent potentially curative resections or stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ disease had poorer long-term overall survival. Survival did not differ by type for patients with either stage Ⅰor Ⅳ disease (P ＞0.05). Conclusions Mucinous and signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma have unique carcinogenesis and similar biologic behavior.Our study confirms that both histologic types, especially signet-ring cell tumors, are independent, negative prognostic factors for patients with colorectal cancer. Type does not appear to have a significant effect on survival when disease is either stage Ⅰ or Ⅳ at presentation.     

Early operation for fulminant acute pancreatitis: a possible way to decrease mortality

Background Although the indication and the timing for surgery in fulminant acute pancreatitis (FAP) are still controversial, our experience of surgical treatment for fulminant acute pancreaUtis may help improve the outcome for patients.Methods The clinical data of twenty-six patients with FAP from January 1, 2001 to October 1,2005 were analyzed. The diagnostic criteria fitted the 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Severe Acute Pancreatitis by the Chinese Medical Association.Results Twenty-six patients with FAP received surgical debridement, with a mortality rate of 42.3% (11/26). The postoperative mortalities in the ＞72 hour operation group and the <72 hour operation group were highly significantly different (7/8 vs 22.2% (4/18), respectively).Conclusions Early surgery may reduce the intraabdominal pressure and prevent the deterioration of FAP. An operation within 72 hours from the onset of symptoms might decrease the mortality of the disease.     

Policy making and organization in managing tropical diseases in China

China have a vast territory and a large population. It is situated between north latitude 2°-58° and east longitude 74°-135°. Most of China is lacated in the temperate and subtropical zones, with a small part in the tropical zone. Due to the influence of monsoons from the Pacific Ocean during the summer season, rainfall is plentful, and the weather can be hot and humid. The natural conditions create a good environment for the rise and spread of most tropical diseases (infectious and parasitic diseases), especially in South-eastern China, where about 80% of the population lives.     

胃肠道间质瘤的免疫组化诊断及P53和P21表达

目的：探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的诊断及鉴别诊断。方法：GIST患50例,进行常规检查及P^53/P^21,HHF－35,vimentin,CD34免疫组化检测。结果：本组50例GIST,恶性34例,交界性10例,良性6例,以胃及小肠为多发（68％）。免疫组化以平滑肌细胞分化为主型占46％,神经源分化型占18％,平滑肌和神经双向分化型18％,未分化型24％。肌肉共同蛋白HHF－35为平滑肌细胞分化最敏感的标志物。未分化型间质瘤的免疫表型为vimentin和CD34阳性。P^53蛋白和P^21蛋白对GIST的良恶性可资鉴别。结论：尽管胃肠道间质瘤光镜下形态相似,但其免疫表型呈异源性,需要做免疫组化准确定性。     

三味中药配伍应用对改善烫伤小鼠受损免疫功能的作用

目的　观察对烫伤小鼠受损免疫功能具有调理作用的单味中草药 ,经过配伍应用后的协同作用。方法　采用 1 .0 3 4× 1 0 5 Pa的蒸气烫伤 1 0s ,烫伤面积 1 6% ,深度为Ⅲ度的致伤模型烫伤动物。通过观察MΦ的吞噬功能、枯否细胞清除能力、MΦ抗原提呈功能、血清TNF量、淋巴细胞增殖反应及IL 2产生能力、小鼠抗体产生能力、PMNH2 O2 释放量及PMN溶菌酶释放量、血清补体的趋化作用和聚集作用等指标 ,籍以了解单味中药与配伍中药对烧 (烫 )伤小鼠受损免疫功能的调理作用。结果　单味中药三七(PP) ,金银花 (LJ)和虎杖 (PC)对小鼠受损免疫功能有一定的改善作用。PC +LJ、PP +PC、PP +LJ等二味配伍的中药 ,除少数指标外 ,均比单味药的作用好。而PP +LJ+PC三味配伍药的调理作用 ,比单味药和二味配伍药的调理作用更佳。结论　单味中药经配伍应用后对烧 (烫 )伤小鼠严重受损的免疫系统功能 ,具有比单味药更好的协同调理作用。     

导赤散加味治疗慢性前列腺炎110例

目的 了解导赤散加味对慢性前列腺炎的疗效。方法 应用导赤散为主组方,结合直肠指诊、化验检查进行综合分析,辨证加减用药、治疗慢性前列腺炎110例,并与口服环丙沙星片、回通淋丹组40例作对照。结果 治疗组近期治愈率36.4%,总有效率为91.0％,对照组近期治愈率仅15.0%,总有效率为72.5%,两组的有效率比较差异有显性（P＜0．05）。结论 导赤散加味治疗慢性前列腺炎有明显改善作用。     

直视下行大鼠气管插管的改良方法

目的 提高大鼠气管插管的成功率;方法 对比传统闭式法与改良直视法的成功率;结果传统闭式法的成功率为50％,改良直视法的成功率为100％。结论 改良直视法优于传统闭式法,值得推广应用。     

煤快速加氢热解焦油组成的分析

采用溶剂萃取－化学处理－柱层析相结合的预处理分离程序、色－质联用和色－红联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法,分析研究了内蒙东胜煤快速加氢热解焦油的化学成分和结构,推测鉴定出２００多种化合物,并对具有代表性的１９种多环芳烃进行了定量分析,讨论了快速加氢热解焦油化学成分的结构特征。