三黄胶囊的药效学研究

目的 探讨三黄胶囊的解热、通便,抗菌作用。方法 采用大鼠酵母性发热法,体外细菌培养法和小鼠肠道碳末推进实验。结果 三黄胶囊对大鼠酵母性发热有解热作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌和痢疾杆菌有较强的抑制作用,具有明显的泻下和促进胃肠蠕动的作用。结论 三黄胶囊具有解热、抑菌及通便作用。     

Study on Pulmonary Surfactant of Sudden Death of Infant

Objective To find the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (S IDS) from changes of pulmonurry surfactant. Methods By means of thin-layer ckromatography technique, surfactant in whole lung specimens of 10 infants with SIDS and 10 control infants without SIDS (dead of nonrespiratory diseases ) were examined qualitatively and quantitatively. Results Eleven components in pulmonary surfactant were examined qualitatively, including lysophosphatidylcholine , sphingomyelin , phosphatidylcholine , phosphatidylserine , phosphatidylinositol , phos phatidylethanolamine , phosphatidylglycerol , diphosphatidylylycerol , phosphatidic acid, cholesterol and neutral lipids. Quantitative examination showed that the amount of surfactant of whole lung specimens in sudden death group [-(8.9±1.0) rng/g wet lung weight] was significantly less than that in control group [-(12. 6±1.4) mg/g uet lung weight, P＜0. 01]. Qualitative variance showed that the percentages of phosphatidylcholine (49. 4 % ± 2. 0 % ) and phosphatidylylycerol ( 2. 6 % ± 0. 7 % ) decreased markedly in sudden death group compared with those in control group (61.5 % ± 3. 0 % and 4.3 % ±1. 5%, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Before death there is serions defect on metabolism of pulmonary surfactant in sudden death infants, with the amount decreasing and the ratio of its components being disturbed, which is one of the important pathogenies of SIDS.     

三种药物防治胃肠肿瘤化疗所致呕吐的临床研究

目的：评价三种药物防治胃肠肿瘤化疗所致呕吐的价值。方法：９０名患者随机分成三组,灭吐灵组（Ａ组）,吗丁啉组（Ｂ组）,枢丹组（Ｃ组）。应用５－Ｆｕ＋ＬＶ方案化疗５天,观察５天内三种药物的止吐效果。结果：Ａ和Ｂ、Ｃ组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,Ｂ和Ｃ比较无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结论：Ｂ组副作用少,疗效高,建议临床推广使用吗丁啉。     

肠套叠二次空气灌肠临床实践与选择

探讨肠套叠二次空气灌肠的指征及其临床意义。方法：首次空气灌肠失败经选择后二次空气灌肠２９例。结果：２３例肠套叠经二次空气灌肠整合治愈,６例肠套叠二次空气灌肠整复失败,经手术证实４例为回回结型肠套叠,２例为回结型肠套叠。本组无１例并发肠穿孔。     

小儿消化性溃疡并出血66例临床分析

探讨小儿消化性溃疡并出血６６例。方法：纤维内窥镜检查证实３６例,胃肠钡餐造影确诊３０例。结果：内科保守治疗６４例,外科手术治疗２例。并对小儿消化性溃疡并出血的高危因素进行分析,发现与年龄、环境、长期误诊误治及血型均有一定关系。     

单胎初产臀位围产儿预后相关因素分析

目的 探讨臀位新生儿窒息、围产儿死亡的相关因素。方法 回顾分析４７７例单胎初产臀位新生儿Ａpgar评分与孕周、体重、先露类型、分娩方式的关系。结果 臀位早产儿、过期儿、体重〈２kg及阴道分娩的臀位新生儿容易发生窒息（Ｐ〈０．００５,Ｐ〈０．０１）。体重≥２０００g４组间Ａpgar评分较无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结论 臀位选择 在３７～４１＾＋６孕周,估计新生儿体重≥２０００g时分娩较合适;及早发现足先露、     

上海市中心城轨道交通网络规划合理规模研究

介绍了估算城市轨道交通网络规划规模的3种方法--几何分析法、运输强度分析法及类比分析法,并结合上海市的实际情况对上海市中心城轨道交通网络规划规模进行了估算。通过对比和分析各种估算结果,提出了上海市中心城轨道交通网络规划的合理规模。     

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a neurovirulent Zika virus isolated from Cambodia in 2019

The geographic range of Zika virus (ZIKV) has expanded from Asia to the Americas, leading to the 2015–2016 pandemic with enhanced neurovirulence. At present, ZIKV is continuously circulating in many Southeast Asian countries. Unfortunately, the persistent evolution of ZIKV in Southeast Asia and its influence on the biological characteristics of the virus remain incompletely understood. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo properties of a new ZIKV isolate obtained from Cambodia in 2019 (CAM/2019) were characterized and compared with those of the Cambodian strain (CAM/2010). Compared with CAM/2010, the CAM/2019 virus showed similar plaque morphology and growth curves in cell cultures and induced comparable viremia and organ viral loads profiles in both BALB/c and A129 (IFNAR1^−/−) mice upon intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation. Remarkably, the CAM/2019 virus exhibited enhanced neurovirulence in neonatal mice compared with CAM/2010, with a 74-fold reduction in the 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀). Consistently, CAM/2019 produced higher viral loads in the brains of BALB/c neonatal mice than CAM/2010 did. Sequence alignment showed that the CAM/2019 virus has acquired 12 amino acid substitutions, several of which were found to be associated with neurovirulence. In particular, the CAM/2019 virus shared an A1204T substitution in NS2A with the Thai isolate SI-BKK02 that was isolated from a microcephaly case. Taken together, our results indicate that a ZIKV strain isolated with specific mutations has emerged in Cambodia, highlighting the need for extensive molecular and disease surveillance in Cambodia and other Asian countries.     

Development and characterization of a new monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 NSP12 (RdRp)

SARS-CoV-2 NSP12, the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), is required for viral replication and is a therapeutic target to treat COVID-19. To facilitate research on SARS-CoV-2 NSP12 protein, we developed a rat monoclonal antibody (CM12.1) against the NSP12 N-terminus that can facilitate functional studies. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) confirmed the specific detection of NSP12 protein by this antibody for cells overexpressing the protein. Although NSP12 is generated from the ORF1ab polyprotein, IFA of human autopsy COVID-19 lung samples revealed NSP12 expression in only a small fraction of lung cells including goblet, club-like, vascular endothelial cells, and a range of immune cells, despite wide-spread tissue expression of spike protein antigen. Similar studies using in vitro infection also generated scant protein detection in cells with established virus replication. These results suggest that NSP12 may have diminished steady-state expression or extensive posttranslation modifications that limit antibody reactivity during SARS-CoV-2 replication.     

显微手术治疗颅内蛛网膜囊肿

目的：探讨颅内蛛网膜囊肿的诊断及最佳治疗方案。方法：５０便均根据头颅ＣＴ和ＭＲ 诊蛛网膜囊肿后,行显微手术切除。结果：５０便手术治疗后,恢复良好,临床症状全部消失。结论：充分建立囊腔与周围池之间的 显向手术切除蛛网膜囊肿成功的关键。