~3H-α-第二丁基对羟基苄醇在家兔体内的药物动力学研究

本文报道给家兔注入不同剂量的~3H-α-第二丁基对羟基苄醇,观察该药在其体内的药物动力学。结果表明,血中分布相快,消除相慢,消除半衰期T_1/1β为12h。经F值检验和理论计算值与实测值的契合程度比较,表明该药在兔体内的运转符合二室开放模型的动力学方程。     

2种清洗设备洗涤医用器械的质量分析

目的通过观察全自动清洗消毒器与超声波清洗机洗涤不同类医用器械的质量,找出不同器械的最佳洗涤方法,为制订各种器械洗涤流程提供依据。方法将回收器械随机分为A洗涤法和B洗涤法。A洗涤法:将回收器械直接放入全自动清洗消毒器内按程序进行清洗、消毒和干燥。B洗涤法:将器械放入超声波机内按程序加酶浸泡、超声波清洗、冷水热水喷淋清洗消毒、上油烘干。比较2种洗涤方法的洗涤效果。结果A洗涤法洗涤后齿类器械剩余残留物为0.52‰,非齿类器械剩余残留物为0.07‰,2种器械洗涤效果差异有统计学意义(!2=28.189,P=0.000),洗涤齿类器械效果差;B洗涤法洗涤齿类器械剩余残留物为0.04‰,非齿类器械剩余残留物为0.01‰,2种器械洗涤效果差异无统计学意义(!2=1.008,P=0.313)。而2组洗涤法洗涤齿类器械效果有统计学意义(!2=44.097,P=0.000);非齿类器械洗涤后剩余残留物对比不明显,洗涤效果差异无统计学意义(!2=2.667,P=0.102)。结论采用超声波清洗机清洗齿类器械洗涤效果佳;而采用全自动清洗消毒器洗涤齿类器械洗涤效果差,但洗涤非齿类器械洗涤容量大,效果好。     

54例严重缓慢心律失常病人的起搏器治疗

1978年～1987年用永久起搏器治疗54例严重缓慢心律失常的病人,共进行103次手术。随访8年多,发现7例死亡,其中6例死亡原因与起搏器治疗无关,1例死于与起搏器并发感染密切相关。本文就严重缓慢心律失常的类型、病因、安装永久起搏器的指征、手术并发症等加以讨论。     

肾动脉狭窄支架植入术的临床疗效观察

目的探讨肾动脉狭窄支架植入术的临床疗效.方法1997年1月～2004年12月,我院行支架介入治疗肾动脉狭窄27例.对27例术前、术后及随访期内血压、肾功能以及生活质量进行评估,并与同期单纯药物治疗肾动脉狭窄27例进行比较.结果介入组27例植入支架40枚,手术成功24例(88.9%,24/27),失败3例(11.1%,3/27),手术并发症5例(18.5%,5/27).术后在血压下降(包括收缩压舒张压)肌酐下降,肾小球滤过率增加方面,介入组获益率明显优于药物组,两组比较差异均有显著性,术后随访6个月～8年6个月,中位数为1年9个月,介入组有19例能比较健康的生活和工作,药物组仅12例能维持生活和工作.结论支架介入治疗较单纯药物治疗肾动脉狭窄疗效显著.     

经尿道切除技术在下尿路疾病中的应用（附128例报告）

目的 探讨经尿道切除技术（TUR）治疗下尿路疾病的适应证、操作方法、术中术后处理及并发症预防的要点。方法 应用经尿道汽化电切术（TURVP）和双极等离子汽化电切术（TUPKVP），分别以5％葡萄糖液和生理盐水作冲洗介质，选择性耻骨上膀胱造瘘，持续低压灌洗，术后气囊导尿管留置5～7天拔管，自行排尿。结果 经尿道前列腺双极等离子汽化电切术7例，经尿道前列腺汽化电切术58例，合计前列腺手术65例；腺性膀胱炎汽化电切术43例；膀胱肿瘤汽化电切术15例；后尿道狭窄等离子汽化电切术3例；精阜腺瘤汽化电切术2例。全部病例均一次手术完成，有效率（126／128）98．4％。无膀胱穿孔、电切综合征、大出血、真性尿失禁发生。前列腺术后尿道狭窄、排尿困难再次手术者2例，占3．08％，排尿疼痛、不适感6例，占9．23％，逆行射精4例，占6．15％。结论 TUR技术是一种微创、安全、迅速、有效、恢复快、并发症较少的腔内泌尿外科治疗方法，特别适用于下尿路疾病的手术；术中持续低压灌注对确保切割视野清晰、预防并发症至关重要。     

骨髓输液在PICU的应用探讨

目的　探讨骨髓输液在PICU的适应证、方法及临床效果。方法　选择PICU危重症建立静脉通道困难患儿 30例 ,采用 7号骨穿针或 7～ 9号头皮针于胫骨粗隆下 1～ 2cm穿刺、固定 ,接入医嘱液体 ,记录穿刺所需时间、入液速度及生命体征变化、并发症等。结果　 2 8例 1次成功 ,2例用头皮针者有堵塞 ,换针后重新穿刺成功 ,穿刺、固定到接入液体平均时间 (30± 10 )s。速率 :一般压力 (8± 3)ml (kg体重·h) ,加压下 (17± 6 )ml (kg体重·h) ,所有病例均达到了医嘱要求。骨髓输液持续时间 3～ 2 2h ,无 1例出现并发症。结论　骨髓输液在PICU危重症抢救中可迅速建立液体通道 ,争取抢救时间。头皮针比骨髓穿刺针易于固定 ,使用更方便     

Radiopacity of dental materials using a digital X-ray system.

OBJECTIVES: Radiopacity is a desirable property for most intra-oral materials. There are established ISO and ANSI/ADA protocols for determining radiopacity using film-based radiography. However, these methods are not always followed by researchers. This study aims to adapt those procedures by using digital radiography, a simplified stepwedge, and examine the effects of target distance and exposure time choice. METHODS: One millimetre thick samples of three dental materials were prepared by placing the materials into a 1.00 mm thick washer sandwiched between two glass slides. The samples were digitally radiographed alongside a stepwedge of aluminum alloy 1100 with an X-ray unit at 70 kVp using five different target distance/exposure time combinations. For each combination, the grey scale values of various thicknesses of the stepwedge were converted into absorbencies and plotted against their thickness. These plots were then linearly regressed in order to correlate absorbance with a thickness of aluminum for each target distance/exposure time combination. The absorbencies of each sample were then converted into radiopacities using these correlations. RESULTS: The correlations between the absorbance of the stepwedge and its thickness were highly linear. This linearity allows the correlation to be accurately deduced from fewer data points than required by the ISO and ANSI/ADA protocols. Varying exposure time did not significantly affect the mean radiopacity measured at a target distance of 30 cm. Varying the target distance did not significantly affect the measured radiopacity as long as the samples were properly exposed. SIGNIFICANCE: A simplified, consistent digital method for determining radiopacity is presented.     

狂犬疫苗免疫后早期血清学抗体结果分析

目的观察接种狂犬病疫苗人群不同时期抗体产生情况，探讨最佳检测时间。方法用ELISA法检测人用狂犬病纯化疫苗接种者血清狂犬病毒抗体。结果对完成全程免疫后第7d、第14d和第30d的血清进行检测，第7d和第14d检出的抗体阳性率无显著性差异。结论现行国产狂犬疫苗的保护性不断提高，早期检测抗体对及时发现免疫失败者、降低发病率有着重要的意义。     

Effects of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

PURPOSES: Inhibition of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa was assayed. METHODS: Squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa were collected fresh from surgical specimens. The collected tissues were minced in RPMI 1640 and divided into 3 groups: cerulenin treated, dimethylsulfoxide treated, and control. The tissues were incubated in [1(2)-(14)C]acetic acid, sodium salt for the last 2.5 hours of the treatment at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). After labeling, total lipids were extracted and counted for (14)C by scintillation counting. RESULTS: Endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell caranoma in the cerulenin-treated group decreased by 19% at 1 hour, 64% at 2 hours, and 87% at 4 hours; remained nearly unchanged in the dimethylsulfoxide-treated group; and increased slightly in the control group. The oral mucosa tissues were only mildly affected by cerulenin in fatty acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Cerulenin significantly inhibits fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma and only mildly affected the oral mucosa, indicating that the fatty acid synthetic pathway may be exploited as a target for developing anticancer drugs.